外文文獻翻譯 中英文對照 基于J2EE的新型軟件自動化測試系統(tǒng)

1、novel software automated testing system based on j2eeabstractsoftware automated testing is one of the critical research subjects in the field ofcomputer application. in this paper a novel design of architecture called automatedtesting system ats is proposed. based on techniques relating to j2ee incl

2、udingmvc design pattern struts framework etc ats can support any black-box testingbusiness theoretically with relevant apis programmed using tcl script languagebeforehand. moreover as the core of ats is built in java it can work in differentenvironments without being re-complied. the efficiency of t

3、he new system isvalidated by plenty of applications in communication industry and the results alsoshow the effectiveness and flexibility of the approach.key wordsautomated testing system ats j2ee tclintroductionsoftware testing is a critical phase within the software lifecycle currently more andmore

4、 companies are paying attention to it. especially the software automated testingis becoming the most disputed subject in the software industry. therefore it is now apopular research problem in the computer application research area. the increasedcomplexity of systems as well as short product release

5、 schedules makes the task oftesting challenging. therefore how to improve the software qualities and how toadvance the testing efficiency are difficult.as a result software testing is the biggest challenging work during the softwarelifecycle especially the software automated testing. subsequently te

6、st-drivendevelopment is advocated by engineers. at the same time software capabilitymaturity model is put forward for controlling the process of software developmentand for guarantying the software quality but it imposes limited effects on softwareautomated testing. to our knowledge most of the pres

7、ent automated testing tools orproducts concern how to partition cases or how to implement a single target of testingwithout uniform testing system not to mention the distributed and cross-platformtesting functions.however ats is a black-box testing system based on j2ee theories such as mvcdesign pat

8、tern struts framework hibernate persistence layer etc which comprisestwo function modules: one is a front-end module developed in java script languagethe other is a back-end module the core of ats developed in pure javalanguage. thus the two function modules abide by browser/server model naturally.u

9、nder the strong support of front-end module testers without any prerequisiteknowledge can master it in a short training time. besides the core of ats can supportcross-platform execution due to pure java code and it can support distributedexecution due to the separation of job controller and executio

10、n server. every testingbusiness is supported theoretically by ats due to the excellent inherent capability self-defined apis which can be developed by advanced testing developers quicklywith tcl script language aiming at different special targets and the apis is transparentto common testers who work

11、 on the front-end system what they need to do is justfilling suitable data into blanks of web interface according to specific cases.1. related workthe most popular methods about automation test include record-playback functionaldecomposition data-driven and keywords-driven. record-playback is applie

12、d in guitest products usually such as winrunner1 etc. functional decomposition method isan infant version of data-driven or keywords-driven method which separates datafrom functions and uses data-files to provide both the input and the expected-resultsverification. however tester using this method m

13、ust not only maintain the detail testplan with specific data but also re-enter this data in the various required data-files.data-driven method records data by a spreadsheet file such as excel and theexecutions of test scripts depending on various apis and key data. keywords-drivenis an advanced data

14、-driven method which uses the actual test case documentdeveloped by the tester using a spreadsheet containing special keywords. in thismethod the entire process is data-driven as well and the keywords control theprocessing. however ats has strong programming function supported by variousfundamental

15、and businesss apis and flexible management and control function due tocombining data-driven and keywords-driven methods.in recent years there are many products and architectures surged out. blackburn forinstance proposed a model-based test automation method called test automationframework taf which

16、uses an interface-driven approach that combinesrequirements modeling to support automated test-case and test-driver generation. themodel focuses on how test engineers can develop more reusable models by clarifyingtextual requirements as models in terms of component or system interfaces. howeverdue t

17、o un-canonical requirement documents and un-strict business control it is verydifficult to extend it to many big software companies not to mention thosemiddle-small companies. meanwhile the methods based on component test areproposed such as cbsfg etc. unfortunately they care little about the archit

18、ecture ofautomated testing framework but pay attention to how to generate test cases.isofttech2 test automation system and axe3 automated testing framework areexcellent automation systems but without distributed and cross-platform functions.the dominating commercial products such as winrunner and ro

19、bot4 are designedwithout much consideration about compatibility and portability. these traditionaltesting products care little about the operations on cross-platform distributed controland distributed execution capabilities.2. ats architectureats is developed according to struts and mvc design patte

20、rn based on j2ee. serverend is built on the tomcat server while client end is presented on web pagesprogrammed in jsp and back-end business logic module is implemented by javabeans or even enterprise java beans.the ats is made up of user interface request handler manager job controller normalrequest

21、 handlers execution server and suite execute layer. the user interface moduleprovides front-end user with convenient operational interfaces to send the usersoperation requests to the request handler manager module. however the requesthandler manager module will not deal with these requests by itself

22、 but just forwardthem to some specific handler or action threads.in fact there are two kinds of user request. one is related to control logic belong totest suite or test job the other is miscellaneous request except from the first class. allthe requests related to control logic are dealt with by job

23、 controller. to supportdistributed execution job controller and execution server can run on different serversindependently. a job controller can control several execution servers synchronously.and execution server is designed by a finite states machine which can run test suitesqueue in a test job. w

24、hen all these test suites in a job queue is finished the executionserver will notify job controller to change the states of job. of course the suiteexecute layer is responsible for compiling and executing suites or cases to implementa specific test task which is an execution core of ats. meanwhile i

25、t provides aunified testing framework with various apis for programming test scripts at ease.2.1. request handler managerthe front-end interfaces of ats are web pages. tester can program test scripts ordrag methods from the basic library programmed in tcl scripts to form a completeprogram segment. a

26、ll these requests will be dispatched to server. generally everyrequest from front-end interface has its own handler function in the execution server.if web browser sends every request to the corresponding handler immediately theweb browser must store all these relationships between request and handl

27、er functionthat will decrease the flexibility and extensibility of the whole system. to solve thisproblem ats creates a request handler manager module to store these relationshipsbetween request and handler function.2.2. job controllerin ats there are three kinds of test eventsjob suite and case. jo

28、b is an integratorof suite queues which can be scheduled and allocated to an appointed executionserver. suite is an implementing entity which is assigned to suite execute layer byexecution server. case is an executable scripts designed in accordance with a certainbusiness in tcl script language.job

29、controller job executer and suite executer can update or query their files storiedin database respectively through different interfaces. obviously job controller isresponsible for controlling the states of jobs and assigning jobs to different jobexecuters for distributed execution. so the job contro

30、ller plays a key role in the wholeworking which guarantees the entire system to run smoothly. generally differentphases have different states. to control all these states well we design a finite statesmachine.2.3. execution serverjob controller launches a job to execute according to its state. execu

31、tion serverreceives execution job command and builds a suites queue for it which will call suiteexecute layer to execute these suites in turn. when execution server receives theresults returned from suite execute layer it will check whether the suite queue is null.if not it will notice the next suit

32、e to execute in the suite execute layer. otherwise theexecution server will inform job controller that all suites belong to the job have beendone.obviously the suite execute layer is constituted by some executable scripts orcommands to implement the task of a case. these scripts can be designed in t

33、cllanguage in a certain templates which can speed up the rate of testing developmentand guarantee the qualities of testing programs. the other function of the suiteexecute layer is that it provides apis and external interfaces such as gui api socketapi to support a third tool - winrunner or qtp. the

34、refore ats has powerfulflexibility and expansibility.conclusionscompared with traditional automated testing tools ats is a novel softwareautomated testing system applied to a communication company by plenty ofsuccessful test such as gui test with the help of winrunner and back-end programtest etc. i

35、t has been regarded as an effective and novel testing system withdistributed function resource management function and strong expansibility.specially we can design different apis to implement different testing business andthe scripts of regression test can execute on ats without revising any command

36、 linebut just revising global input variables. in a sense the ats is a general automatedtesting framework. 基于j2ee的新型軟件自動化測試系統(tǒng)摘要 軟件自動化測試是在計算機應用領域的重要研究課題之一。在本文中，提出那些設計新穎的系統(tǒng)為自動測試系統(tǒng)（ats）。根據(jù)有關j2ee技術，包括mvc設計模式，開源軟件框架等，自動化測試系統(tǒng)可以使用tcl腳本語言編程相關的api，在理論上支持任何黑盒測試項目。此外，自動化測試的核心是建立在java上，它可以在不同的環(huán)境中工作，而無需重新構建。通過大量

37、的通信行業(yè)中的應用驗證新系統(tǒng)的效率和結果，這也表明該方法的有效性和靈活性。關鍵字 自動化測試系統(tǒng)；j2ee；tcl簡介 軟件測試是軟件生命周期內(nèi)的關鍵階段，目前受到了越來越多的企業(yè)重視。尤其是軟件自動化測試在軟件產(chǎn)業(yè)中正成為最具爭議的話題。因此，現(xiàn)在自動化測試軟件是在計算機應用研究領域的熱門研究話題。測試系統(tǒng)以及短期的產(chǎn)品發(fā)布時間表增加了測試的復雜性，使得測試任務更具有挑戰(zhàn)性，所以如何提高軟件質(zhì)量和測試的效率變得尤其困難。因此，軟件測試最具有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作是在軟件的生命周期，特別是軟件自動化測試期間，這些問題被測試驅(qū)動開發(fā)工程師所提出。同時，軟件性能的成熟度模型，提出了在軟件開發(fā)的過程中確保軟件

38、質(zhì)量控制，但它對軟件自動化測試的效果有限。據(jù)我們所知，目前的自動化測試工具或產(chǎn)品最擔憂的是如何在不同的情況下實現(xiàn)沒有統(tǒng)一的測試系統(tǒng)的測試目標，就更不用說分布式測試和跨平臺的測試功能了。 然而，該自動化測試系統(tǒng)是一個基于 j2ee 的 mvc 設計模式、開源軟件框架和開源代碼鞏固層的黑箱測試系統(tǒng)，其中包括兩個功能模塊：一個是在 java 腳本語言開發(fā)的前端模塊，另一種是后端模塊純 java 語言開發(fā)自動化測試系統(tǒng)的核心。這兩個功能模塊遵循瀏覽/服務模式，在前端模塊的強大功能幫助下，沒有任何測試知識的測試人員，也可以在很短的訓練時間掌握它。此外，由于是純 java 代碼編寫，自動化測試系統(tǒng)的核心可

39、以支持跨平臺的執(zhí)行，它同樣可以支持分布式執(zhí)行，通過分離作業(yè)控制端和執(zhí)行服務端來實現(xiàn)。理論上每個測試業(yè)務都可以支持自動化測試系統(tǒng)，這歸功于其優(yōu)秀的內(nèi)在功能自定義的 api庫，它可以針對不同的特殊目標與 tcl 腳本語言迅速開發(fā)，并且 api 對工作在前端系統(tǒng)的測試人員來說是透明的，他們需要做的只是根據(jù)具體情況填充合適的數(shù)據(jù)到工作測試界面。1. 相關工作 關于自動化測試最常用的方法包括回歸測試、功能分塊檢測、數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動和關鍵字驅(qū)動?；貧w測試通常應用在 gui 測試產(chǎn)品，如 winrunner。功能分塊檢測方式是數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動和關鍵字驅(qū)動方式的一種初期樣板，從功能不同的數(shù)據(jù)和使用數(shù)據(jù)文件提供的輸入來和預期的

40、結果對比驗證。然而，使用這種方法的測試不僅必須保持詳細的測試計劃的具體數(shù)據(jù)，也必須重新輸入各種所需的數(shù)據(jù)到數(shù)據(jù)文件中。數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動的方法是通過電子表格文件記錄數(shù)據(jù)，如 excel 和依靠各種 api 和關鍵數(shù)據(jù)執(zhí)行的測試腳本。關鍵字驅(qū)動是一種先進的數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動的方法，該方法使用實際測試人員開發(fā)使用含有特殊關鍵字的電子表格的測試用例文檔。在這種方法中，整個測試過程是數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動和關鍵字控制處理。由此，自動化測試系統(tǒng)在各項基本功能和工程 api 的支持下和結合數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動和關鍵字驅(qū)動的方法靈活管理、控制功能，使其具備強大的編程功能。 近年來，有許多自動化測試產(chǎn)品和架構大量涌現(xiàn)。布萊克本提出了一種基于模型的使用接口驅(qū)動自動化測試方法稱為自動化測試框架（taf），可以結合需求建模，以支持自動化測試用例和測試驅(qū)動程序生成。該模型著重于如何讓測試工程師可以開發(fā)更多功能明確的可重用的套件模型或系統(tǒng)接口模型。然而，由于聯(lián)合國的規(guī)范要求文檔和嚴格的