漢譯英中的邏輯關(guān)系處理精編版

1、 2 提綱提綱 I.兩種語(yǔ)言的差異 II.應(yīng)對(duì)策略 III.總結(jié) 3 I.兩種語(yǔ)言的差異兩種語(yǔ)言的差異 句子結(jié)構(gòu) 動(dòng)詞形式 表達(dá)習(xí)慣 4 漢語(yǔ)英語(yǔ) 句子結(jié)構(gòu) 平行并列層次分明 動(dòng)詞形式 唯一多種 表達(dá)習(xí)慣 依賴上下文 依賴關(guān)聯(lián)詞 5 原文：原文：推進(jìn)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展，/加快課程體系改革 和招生考試制度改革，切實(shí)減輕中小學(xué)生過(guò)重課業(yè) 負(fù)擔(dān)，/不斷加強(qiáng)教師隊(duì)伍、特別是郊區(qū)中小學(xué)教師 隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，提高基礎(chǔ)教育整體水平。 初譯初譯: : More support will be given to education in ex-urban areas to promote balanced develo

2、pment of compulsory education. / We will push for curriculum and examination-based enrollment and reduce the excessive workload of primary and secondary school students. / We will continuously improve the competence of teachers and upgrade the overall level of primary education. 6 原文：原文：推進(jìn)推進(jìn)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展

3、，加快加快課程體系改革 和招生考試制度改革，切實(shí)減輕減輕中小學(xué)生過(guò)重課業(yè) 負(fù)擔(dān)，不斷加強(qiáng)加強(qiáng)教師隊(duì)伍、特別是郊區(qū)中小學(xué)教師 隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，提高基礎(chǔ)教育整體水平。 終譯終譯: To improve the overall quality of basic education, we will take various measures, such as promoting the balanced development of compulsory education, accelerating reforms of curricula and entrance examinations, redu

4、cing the excessive workloads primary and secondary school students face, as well as improving the skills of teachers, especially those in primary and secondary schools in ex-urban areas. 7 II.應(yīng)對(duì)策略應(yīng)對(duì)策略 8 A. 分析句子邏輯關(guān)系分析句子邏輯關(guān)系 9 分析邏輯關(guān)系分析邏輯關(guān)系 原文：原文：全市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院進(jìn)行了 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)，一大批公立醫(yī)院得到了改建和擴(kuò)建，/ 公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急處置和醫(yī)療服

5、務(wù)能力明顯增強(qiáng)。 初譯初譯: : We greatly strengthened our ability to handle public health emergencies and deliver health care/ by upgrading community health service centers and town/township clinics to meet defined standards, as well as by renovating and expanding a large number of public hospitals. 10 分析邏輯關(guān)系分析邏

6、輯關(guān)系 原文：原文：全市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院進(jìn)行了 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)，/一大批公立醫(yī)院得到了改建和擴(kuò)建， /公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急處置和醫(yī)療服務(wù)能力明顯增強(qiáng)。 終譯終譯: We upgraded community health service centers and town/township clinics to meet defined standards,/ renovated and expanded a large number of public hospitals, /and improved our capacity to handle public health emergenci

7、es and deliver health care. 11 原文：原文：保持速度與結(jié)構(gòu)、質(zhì)量、效益相統(tǒng)一 初譯：初譯：align speed with structure, quality and efficiency 分析邏輯關(guān)系分析邏輯關(guān)系 12 分析邏輯關(guān)系分析邏輯關(guān)系 原文：原文：保持速度保持速度與結(jié)構(gòu)、質(zhì)量、效益相統(tǒng)一相統(tǒng)一 終譯：終譯：maintain momentum while pursuing structural optimization, quality and efficiency at the same time 13 B. 搭建句子結(jié)構(gòu)搭建句子結(jié)構(gòu) v調(diào)整句序 v

8、變換動(dòng)詞形式 v添加 14 調(diào)整句序調(diào)整句序 原文：原文：完善新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度，加大政府投 入力度，建立逐年遞增的籌資機(jī)制，/ 進(jìn)一步提 高農(nóng)民醫(yī)療保障水平。 初譯初譯：The government will establish a funding system to increase its input year on year in developing the new rural cooperative medical system / and make it an effective vehicle to enhance health care for farmers. 15 調(diào)整

9、句序調(diào)整句序 原文：原文：完善新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度，加大政府投 入力度，建立逐年遞增的籌資機(jī)制，進(jìn)一步提高 農(nóng)民醫(yī)療保障水平 。 終譯終譯: The government is committed to providing better health care to farmers by refining the rural cooperative medical system and increasing its inputs through a funding mechanism allowing for annual increments. 16 調(diào)整句序調(diào)整句序 原文原文：健全法律法規(guī)

10、、強(qiáng)化技術(shù)支撐、加強(qiáng)政策引導(dǎo)、明 確管理職責(zé)、廣泛宣傳教育，/ 切實(shí)抓好節(jié)地節(jié)能節(jié)水 節(jié)材，提高資源綜合利用效率。 初譯初譯：We must improve relevant laws and regulations, give a bigger role to technologies, / so as to make substantial achievements in the conservation of and enhance the efficiency of integrated resources consumption. 17 調(diào)整句序調(diào)整句序 原文原文：健全法律法規(guī)、強(qiáng)化

11、技術(shù)支撐、加強(qiáng)政策引導(dǎo)、明 確管理職責(zé)、廣泛宣傳教育，切實(shí)抓好節(jié)地節(jié)能節(jié)水節(jié) 材，提高資源綜合利用效率 。 終譯終譯: In order to attain tangible results in the conservation of land, energy, water and raw materials and enhance the efficiency of resource utilization, / we must improve relevant laws and regulations, and launch an extensive public awareness c

12、ampaign. 18 調(diào)整句序調(diào)整句序 原文：原文：推進(jìn)工業(yè)、交通、建筑和民用節(jié)能，/對(duì)消耗高、污染重、 技術(shù)落后的工藝和產(chǎn)品實(shí)施強(qiáng)制性淘汰制度，/新建建筑嚴(yán)格 實(shí)施節(jié)能50%的設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，強(qiáng)化能源需求側(cè)管理。/加強(qiáng)風(fēng)能、 太陽(yáng)能等新能源開發(fā)利用。 初譯：初譯：In order to step up our efforts of energy conservation / we must impose close-down orders upon ./ We must also strengthen the management over the side of energy demand b

13、y forcefully applying the new rule / In addition, the development and use of new energies . 19 調(diào)整句序調(diào)整句序 原文：原文：推進(jìn)工業(yè)、交通、建筑和民用節(jié)能，對(duì)消耗高、 污染重、技術(shù)落后的工藝和產(chǎn)品實(shí)施強(qiáng)制性淘汰制度， 新建建筑嚴(yán)格實(shí)施節(jié)能50%的設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，強(qiáng)化能源需求 側(cè)管理。加強(qiáng)風(fēng)能、太陽(yáng)能等新能源開發(fā)利用 。 終譯：終譯：Besides developing alternative energy sources , we must implement demand-side management

14、 to reduce energy consumption for . Measures in this regard must include phasing out and enforcing green design standards 20 2. 變換動(dòng)詞形式變換動(dòng)詞形式 v現(xiàn)在分詞 v過(guò)去分詞 21 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 原文原文：落實(shí)上海實(shí)施科教興市戰(zhàn)略行動(dòng)綱要，/ 科技 創(chuàng)新力度明顯加大，創(chuàng)新環(huán)境進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化。 初譯初譯: Effective measures were taken to implement Shanghais Plan of Action for Revitalizi

15、ng the City through Science and Education. /More scientific and technological innovations were made and the environment for innovation was improved. 22 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞 原文原文：落實(shí)上海實(shí)施科教興市戰(zhàn)略行動(dòng)綱要，科技 創(chuàng)新力度明顯加大，創(chuàng)新環(huán)境進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化。 終譯終譯: We implemented Shanghais Plan of Action for Revitalizing the City through Science and Ed

16、ucation, bolstering the innovation environment and making local technological innovation significantly more dynamic. 23 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 原文原文：錯(cuò)誤和挫折教訓(xùn)了我們，使我們比較地 聰明起來(lái)了，我們的事情就辦得比較好一些。 （毛澤東選集四卷，1417頁(yè)）1 譯文譯文：Taught by mistakes and setbacks, we have become wiser and handle our affairs better. 1 引自漢英翻譯教程P155 24 3.

17、 添加添加 v邏輯關(guān)系邏輯關(guān)系 v概括性概括性 v標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào) 25 邏輯邏輯-目的關(guān)系目的關(guān)系 原文原文：以企業(yè)為主導(dǎo),以項(xiàng)目為載體,/ 以產(chǎn)業(yè)化 導(dǎo)向,加強(qiáng)政策引導(dǎo),/ 推動(dòng)產(chǎn)學(xué)研緊密結(jié)合。 初譯初譯：Driven by businesses themselves and projects, / guided by various policies towards industrialization, / the industry, academia and research community could form an alliance. 26 邏輯邏輯-目的關(guān)系目的關(guān)系 原文原文

18、：以企業(yè)為主導(dǎo),以項(xiàng)目為載體,以產(chǎn)業(yè)化 導(dǎo)向,加強(qiáng)政策引導(dǎo),推動(dòng)產(chǎn)學(xué)研緊密結(jié)合。 終譯終譯：We must use stronger policy incentives to encourage enterprises to take the lead in engaging universities and the research community in collaborative research projects, so as to bring research results to the market faster. 27 邏輯邏輯-并列關(guān)系并列關(guān)系 原文原文：（產(chǎn)業(yè)布局進(jìn)一步優(yōu)

19、化，）中心城區(qū)服務(wù)業(yè)規(guī)模不 斷擴(kuò)大，2005年第三產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值比重預(yù)計(jì)達(dá)到75%；/郊 區(qū)先進(jìn)制造業(yè)集聚發(fā)展。 初譯初譯：Specifically speaking, the service industry experienced on-going expansion in the city proper which drove the share of the tertiary sector in the citys added value up to almost 75%./ , the ex-urban areas has become an important base of manu

20、facturing industry. 28 邏輯邏輯-并列關(guān)系并列關(guān)系 原文原文：（產(chǎn)業(yè)布局進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化，）中心城區(qū)服務(wù)業(yè)規(guī) 模不斷擴(kuò)大，2005年第三產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值比重預(yù)計(jì)達(dá)到 75%；郊區(qū)先進(jìn)制造業(yè)集聚發(fā)展。 終譯終譯：On the one hand, the city proper has seen its service sector grow in size, now accounting for 75% of its economic growth. On the other hand, Shanghais ex-urban areas are attracting and spawn

21、ing more and more manufacturing businesses. 29 邏輯邏輯-因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系 原文 原文：消費(fèi)需求逐步擴(kuò)大，投資和出口結(jié)構(gòu)繼續(xù) 優(yōu)化，/ 保持了投資、消費(fèi)、出口共同拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì) 增長(zhǎng)的格局。 初譯初譯：We gradually expanded the consumption demand and continued to optimize the investment structure and export mix / so that our economy was driven together by investment, consumption and export. 30 邏輯邏輯-因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系 原文原文：消費(fèi)需求逐步擴(kuò)大，投資和出口結(jié)構(gòu)繼續(xù)優(yōu)化， /保持了投資、消費(fèi)、出口共同拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的格局。 終譯終譯：Consumption demand has been growing steadily and the structure of investment and exports is becomi