【精品】初一英語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)講解

1、初一英語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)講解一、定義與講解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或一般性事實(shí)，也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或 主語具備的性格和能力。通常與副詞every day 每天，always 總是usually 通常,often 經(jīng) 常sometimes 有時(shí)，等時(shí)間狀語連用。例：1表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。eg. The sky is blue. 天空是藍(lán)色的。Mary father is an English teacher.瑪麗的爸爸是一名英語老師。2表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。eg. I go to school at seven every day.我每天六點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。She plays sport

2、s every day.她每天都做運(yùn)動(dòng)。3表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。eg. The table has four legs.桌子有四條腿。There are 63 students in my class.我們班有 63 個(gè)學(xué)生。4表示客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，等客觀事實(shí)或格言諺語等。eg. The sun rises in the east every day.太陽每天從東方升起。The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。5表示平日的喜好。eg. I like bananas.We don like vegetables. He likes blue.She doe

3、sn like strawberries.只有主語在第二人稱單數(shù)時(shí)在陳述句里面實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用 三單形式其他人稱 一，二，三復(fù)用動(dòng)詞原形。e.g. 1/ We like English very much.我/我們非常喜歡英語。She/ He/His sister likes English very much.她/他/她的妹妹非常喜歡英語動(dòng)詞三單形式的變化規(guī)那么：1. 1多數(shù)直接在動(dòng)詞詞尾加-s.play playslike likes ask-askswork-worksget-getscall-calls2 以字母s,x, ch, sh或o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加-es.watch-watch

4、eswash-washesgo-goesdo-doesfix-fixesmiss-misses3以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要先變y為i再加-es.try-triesstudy-studiescry-cries fly-flies2. 不規(guī)那么變化：be- ishave-has二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句式轉(zhuǎn)換：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)肯定句式：分為含有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的兩種情 況：1. 含有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句式：1肯定句式：主語+be+表語n./adj.等e.g.He is a worker.他是個(gè)老師。 You are nine. 你 9 歲。 They are in the cla

5、ssroom.他們?cè)诮淌依锩??？隙ň涫剑褐髡Z+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may/must等+動(dòng)原+賓語。e.g.He can drive a car. 他會(huì)開車。You can do your homework by yourself. 你可以自己完成家庭作業(yè)。They can swim.他們會(huì)游泳。(2) 變一般疑問句：當(dāng)句子中有 be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，那么把be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng) 詞(can, must等)提到句子的最前面，句末改問號(hào)。(口訣：變疑問并不難，be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提最前)含有be動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的句子轉(zhuǎn)換：一般疑問句句式：Be+主語+表語？e.g. He is a teacher. 他是個(gè)老師。一

6、般疑問句 f Is he a teacher?他是個(gè)老師嗎？f Yes,he is./No, he isn 是的，他是。/不，他不是。 I am eight .我 8 歲。一般疑問句f Are you eight?你8歲了嗎？f Yes, lam./No, Im not. 是的，我是。/ 不，不是。 They are in the classroom.他們?cè)诮處熇锩?。一般疑問句f Are they in the classroom? 他們?cè)诮淌依锩鎲幔縡 Yes,they are./ No, they aren.是的，他們?cè)凇? 不，他們不在。 I can play soccer. 我會(huì)踢足球

7、。一般疑問句f Can you play soccer? 你會(huì)踢足球嗎？f Yes, Ican./No, lean 是的，我會(huì)/不，我不會(huì)。注意：對(duì)一般疑問句的答復(fù)：一般用什么問就用什么來答復(fù)。例：Issheyour friend? 她是你的朋友嗎？Yes,she is./ No, she isn 是的，她是 / 不，她不是。但以下例外:Is this a pencil? 宀 Yes, it is./ No, it isn .Is that your backpack? Yes, it is./ No, it isn.Are these your parents? Yes,they are./

8、 No, they aren .Are those Jims brothers? Yes,they are./ No, they aren .(3) 變否認(rèn)句：在be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面直接加not變成否認(rèn)句.(口訣：變否認(rèn)最容易，not緊緊跟著be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)否認(rèn)句句式：主語 +be+ not+表語：例：She is my sister.她是我的妹妹。否認(rèn)句She is not my sister.她不是我的妹妹。 I can play soccer. 我會(huì)踢足球。否認(rèn)句 I can not /can play soccer.我不會(huì)踢足球。 The students and their tea

9、cher are here.學(xué)生和他們的老師都在這兒。 否認(rèn)句Thestudents and their teacher arenhere.學(xué)生和他們的老師都不在這 兒。2. 當(dāng)句子中沒有be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，只含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，句式如下：含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句式：(1) 肯定句：主語(l/We/You/They/)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+其他e.g. I know the girl.我認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)女孩。They always askthe teacher questions. 他們總是問老師問題。主語(He/She/lt/)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞三單形式+其他e.g. Lucy plays sports every

10、day. 露西每天都要運(yùn)動(dòng)。He watches TV every evening.他每天晚上都看電視。(2) 般疑問句：變一般疑問句時(shí)，在主語前加助動(dòng)詞 do或者does來變成一般疑問句；當(dāng)句子主語是I,we, you,以及復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，句首加do。當(dāng)句子主語是第三人稱單數(shù)she, he, it.等時(shí)，句首加does。注意：加了助動(dòng)詞does,這時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞要復(fù)原(用動(dòng)詞原形)；另外，句 子末尾用問號(hào)。A. 主語是l/we/you/they/等時(shí)：疑問句式：Do+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？e.g. I have two sisters a nd a brother.一般疑問句Do you have tw

11、o sisters a nd a brother.?Yes,l do./ No, I don .e.g.The boys play soccer every day.一般疑問句Do the boys play soccer every day?Yes,they do./ No, they don .B. 主語是he/she/it/等三單時(shí)：疑問句式： Does+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？e.g. He/Mike/ My brother likes black schoolbags.他/邁克/我的哥哥喜歡黑色 的書包。Does he/Mike/ your brother like black sch

12、oolbags?他/邁克/我的哥哥喜歡黑 色的書包嗎？Yes,he does./ No, he doesn.是的，他喜歡/不，他不喜歡。She/ Gina/ Our English teacher goes to school by bus.她/吉娜/我們的英語 老師坐公共汽車去學(xué)校。Does she/ Gina/ your English teacher go to school by bus?她/吉娜/我們的英 語老師坐公共汽車去學(xué)校嗎？Yes,she does./ No, she doesn . 是的，她是 / 不，她不是。(3) 否認(rèn)句:變否認(rèn)句時(shí)，在主語后謂語動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞don 或

13、者doesn 變成否認(rèn)句，切記：助動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞復(fù)原成動(dòng)詞原形。O當(dāng)句子主語是I, we, you,以及復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，加don 構(gòu)成否認(rèn)句。C當(dāng)句子主語是第三人稱單數(shù)she, he, it等時(shí)，加doesn 構(gòu)成否認(rèn)句。e.g陳述句： We go to school at 7:00 every morning.我每天早上7點(diǎn)去上學(xué) 否認(rèn)句 f We don go to school at 7:00 every morning. 我每天不是 7 點(diǎn)去 上學(xué)陳述句：She has a brother.她有個(gè)哥哥。否認(rèn)句f She doesn have a brother. 她沒有哥哥。在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)主

14、語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形 式，即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s/-es/變y為i+es.(注意：只在肯定句/陳述句里面 動(dòng)詞用三單形式，在其它所有句型里動(dòng)詞都用原形)。但有些同學(xué)們對(duì)于哪些主語是第三人稱單數(shù)還不十分清楚，現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)如下：一、 人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數(shù)。例：He likes watching TV.他喜歡看 電視。She has lunch at twelve.她十二點(diǎn)吃午餐。二、單個(gè)人名、地名或稱呼作主語；是第三人稱單數(shù)。例：Han Mei likes salad .韓梅喜歡薩拉。 Beijing is in China.北京在中國(guó)。 Uncle

15、 Wang often plays volleyball.王叔叔經(jīng)常打排球。三、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或this / that / the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，是第三人稱單 數(shù)。例： This book is yours.這本書是你的。That car is red.這輛車是紅色的。The cat is Lucys.這只貓是露茜的四、不定代詞 some one, somebody, no body, everyth ing, someth ing 等及指示代 詞this, that作主語時(shí)，是第三人稱單數(shù)。例： Every one is here.大家至 U齊了。 There is a watch o

16、n the table.桌上有塊手表。This is a pen.這是一支鋼筆。五、不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)為第三人稱單數(shù)。例： The milk 牛奶isin the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。The bread is very small.那面包很小。六、 當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語時(shí)，看作第三人稱單數(shù)。例：6 is a lucky number. 6是個(gè)吉利數(shù)字。I isa letter. I是個(gè)字母。三、特殊疑問句1什么是特殊疑問句：以疑問詞開頭，對(duì)句中某一成分提問的句子叫特殊疑問 句。2.常用的疑問詞有:when什么時(shí)間問時(shí)間what date什么日期 問具體日期who誰問人what place

17、什么地點(diǎn)問具體地址whose誰的問主人how怎么樣問情況where在哪里問地點(diǎn)how old多大問年齡which哪一個(gè)問選擇how many多少 問數(shù)量why為什么問原因how much多少問價(jià)錢what什么問東西how about怎么樣問意見what time什么時(shí)間 問時(shí)間how far多遠(yuǎn)問路程what colour什么顏色問顏色how long多長(zhǎng)問時(shí)間what about怎么樣問意見How soon多快，多久 問時(shí)間what day星期幾問星期How often多久問頻率3、小學(xué)階段，特殊疑問句句型結(jié)構(gòu)有:1特殊疑問詞+助動(dòng)詞+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?eg: Where do you

18、do study English?2特殊疑問詞+be動(dòng)詞+主語+其他？eg: Why is your Mum so angry?3特殊疑問詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？eg: What can I do for you?4、肯定句變特殊疑問句就劃線局部提問：分 3步驟 第一步：先變一般疑問句第二步：找適宜的特殊疑問詞代替劃線局部第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部 分。例如：1肯定句、否認(rèn)句和一般疑問句的互換肯定句：eg. This is a book.否認(rèn)句： This is not a book.一般疑問句：Is this a book?肯定答復(fù)：Yes

19、,it is.否認(rèn)答復(fù)：No, it isnt.就劃線局部提問變特殊疑問句This is a book.第一步：變一般疑問句Is this a book?第二步：找適宜的特殊疑問詞Is this what ?第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部 分。What is this?肯定句變特殊疑問句就劃線局部提問：分 3步驟 第一步：先變一般疑問句第二步：找適宜的特殊疑問詞代替劃線局部第二步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部 分。非三單 肯定句：I like English.三單 肯定句：He likes English.一般疑問句：Do yo

20、u like English?一般疑問句：Does he like English?否認(rèn)句：I do not like English.否認(rèn)句： He does not like English.就劃線局部提問：I like English.第一步：先變一般疑問句 Do you like English?第二步：找適宜的特殊疑問詞代替劃線局部Do you like what?第三步：特殊疑問詞提前放到句首，并大寫，其余按順序照抄，省略劃線部 分。What do you like?特殊：1. some 變?yōu)?any。例：There are some birds in the treeThere

21、arent any birds in the tree.但是，假設(shè)在表示請(qǐng)邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求的句子中，some可以不變。例: Would you like some orange juice?與此相關(guān)的一些不定代詞如something, somebody等也要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)變化。2. and 變?yōu)?or。如：I have a knife and a ruler. I dont have a knife or a ruler.3. a lot of (=lots of)變?yōu)?many 或 much。例:They have a lot of friends.(可數(shù)名詞)They dont have many f

22、riends.There is lots of orange in the bottle.不可數(shù)名詞 There isnt much orange in the bottle.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練：一. 用Be動(dòng)詞填空。be 動(dòng)詞口訣：I 用 am , you 用 are, is連著 he /she /it, 單數(shù)名詞用is,復(fù)數(shù)名詞都用are1. Are you Li Fen? No, I not .2. r. Green very good ? Yes, he .3.Thesebooks very interesting .4. What class you in ?5. You and I

23、 good friends .6. The basketball club fun .二. 寫出以下動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。havelikedrinkgostaymakelookhavecomewatchaskflydostudyteachsou ndlet washcarry play三.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.1(haveWo sisters a nd my mother (have)nly one brother.2. Miss Xie(hav)ea brown bag and two red jackets.3. We ke) our English teacher.4. Tom

24、 o) to school at 7 clock.5. Li Song(watchl)V at home.6. You and I lay) volleyball every day.7. Thatound) interesting.8. My father t) me get the baseball bats.9. Those girls(ask)e teacher for it.10. Aunt Jenny(do)ousework(家務(wù))every day.三.按照要求改寫句子1. This is my pencil ?(變一般疑問句) your pencil ? Yes,.2. The

25、se red hats are Kate.(一般疑問句)hats Kates ? No,.3. Mary has books .(變一般疑問句)Mary ooks ?4. She likes the black bag very much .(變一般疑問句)shethe black bag very much? No, she.5. I like apples.(變一般疑問句)you apples ?6. Itan English dictionary .(變一般疑問句) English dictionary?7. He has a computer and a mobile plane .變

26、一般疑問句he a computer and a mobile plane? Yes,he四、按照要求改寫句子1. She is a good student.改為否認(rèn)句Shea_student.2. We play tennis every day.改為否認(rèn)句We ery day.3. The students like the teacher .改為否認(rèn)句The students e teacher.4. Simon and Daniel have a ping-pong bat .改為否認(rèn)句Simon and Daniel ping-pong bat.5. She has some white baseballs .改為否認(rèn)句She ny white baseballs6. Miss Xie teaches us Chinese.改為否認(rèn)句Miss X