直接引語和間接引語

1、直接引語和間接引語直接引語和間接引語直接引語直接引語:說話人說話人直接引用直接引用別人的原話。別人的原話。間接引語間接引語:說話人用自己的話說話人用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。別人的話。The boy said, “I can speak English.”The boy said that he could speak English.直接引語直接引語必須放在引號內(nèi)必須放在引號內(nèi),間接引語間接引語則不用則不用引號。引號。間接引語間接引語一般構(gòu)成一般構(gòu)成賓語從句賓語從句。直接引語和間接引語的轉(zhuǎn)化直接引語和間接引語的轉(zhuǎn)化直接引語直接引語變變間接引語間接引語時時,除將引語部分變成除將引語部分變成賓語

2、從句賓語從句外外,還有一下變化：還有一下變化：1.人稱人稱 2.時態(tài)時態(tài) 3. 指示代詞指示代詞 4. 時間狀語時間狀語5. 地點狀語地點狀語 6. 部分動詞部分動詞1.人稱變化人稱變化: 根據(jù)意義進行相應的變化He said to me, “My sister will see the film.”He told me _ sister would see the film.his2.時態(tài)變化時態(tài)變化如果如果主句主句的的謂語謂語動詞動詞是是一般過去一般過去時時,直接引語變間直接引語變間接引語接引語,間接引語間接引語的的謂語動詞謂語動詞時態(tài)時態(tài)變化如下：變化如下：一般一般現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在時時現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在進

3、行時進行時現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成時完成時一般一般過去過去時時過去過去完成時完成時一般一般將來將來時時canmaymust一般一般過去過去時時過去過去進行時進行時過去過去完成時完成時過去過去完成時完成時過去過去完成時完成時過去過去將來時將來時couldmightmust/ had to1. He said, “I usually do sports after school.” He said that _ usually _ sports after school.2. Tom said to me, “We will clean our classroom.” Tom told me that _ _

4、 their classroom.3. Mary said, “Im doing my homework.” Mary said that _ _ _ homework.”4. He said, “I went to the movies.” He said that _ _ to the movies.hedidtheywould cleanshewas doingherhehad gone1.轉(zhuǎn)述的是轉(zhuǎn)述的是客觀真理客觀真理或或敘述的狀態(tài)和情況敘述的狀態(tài)和情況到現(xiàn)在仍然是事實到現(xiàn)在仍然是事實,從句時態(tài)不變從句時態(tài)不變The teacher said, “The sun is bigger

5、than the earth.”The teacher told us that the sun is bigger than the earth.”He said, “Im good at swimming.”He said that he is good at swimming.2.直接引語直接引語是是一般過去時或過去進行時一般過去時或過去進行時，但，但，變?yōu)?，變?yōu)殚g接引語間接引語時可仍然時可仍然用用一般過去時或過去進行時。一般過去時或過去進行時。He said , “I wrote a book in 1996.”He said that he _ a book in 1996.wrot

6、eHe told me, “I was doing my homework when my mother came back.”He told me that he _ his homework when his mother came back.”was doing直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語nowtodaythis week/monthyesterdaythe day before yesterdaylast week/yearthree days agothenthat daythat week/monththe day beforetwo days beforethe week/y

7、ear beforethree days before直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語tomorrowthe day after tomorrownext week/ yearthe next/following daytwo days laterthe next week/ year直接引語直接引語 間接引語間接引語thistheseherethatthosethere直接引語直接引語 間接引語間接引語comebringgotake如果就在如果就在當天轉(zhuǎn)述當天轉(zhuǎn)述, tomorrow, yesterday, tomorrow不變不變?nèi)绻谌绻诋數(shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述當?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述, here不必不必改為改為th

8、ere come 不必不必改為改為 go直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語1.go2.is working3.has written4.went5.had done6.will go7.can8.may9. now10. today11.this week12.yesterday13.the day before yesterday14. last month15. three hours ago16. tomorrow17. the day after tomorrow18. next week19. here20. come直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語1.go2.is working3.

9、has written4.went5.had done6.will go7.can8.may9. now10. todaywentwas workinghad writtenhad gonehad donewould gocouldmightthenthat day直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語11.this week12.yesterday13.the day before yesterday14. last month15. three hours ago16. tomorrow17. the day after tomorrow18. next week19. here20. come

10、that weekthe day beforetwo days beforethe week beforethree hours beforethe next daytwo days later the next weektherego直接引語直接引語改為改為間接引語間接引語時時,都使用都使用.但是因為原句的句式不同但是因為原句的句式不同,所以變成所以變成間接引間接引語語時所用的時所用的連詞會有所不同連詞會有所不同。 1. 直接引語直接引語是是連接詞連接詞：that (口語中常省略口語中常省略)間接引語間接引語從句的從句的人稱人稱、謂語動詞時態(tài)謂語動詞時態(tài)、時間狀語時間狀語、地點狀語地點狀語等

11、等做相應變化做相應變化陳述句語序不變陳述句語序不變主句主句謂語動詞謂語動詞常為常為: said (to sb.), told sb.He told us,“I want this blue one.”He told us _.She said to me, “You cant do anything now.”She told me _.(that) he wanted that blue one(that)I couldnt do anything then2. 直接引語是直接引語是疑問句疑問句變間接引語后稱為變間接引語后稱為“間接疑問句間接疑問句”間接疑問句語序間接疑問句語序：陳述語序：陳

12、述語序.句末用句號句末用句號,動詞時態(tài)等的變化與間接陳述句動詞時態(tài)等的變化與間接陳述句相同。相同。主句謂語動詞主句謂語動詞: ask, wonder, want to know.1.直接引語直接引語是是, 變?yōu)殚g接引語時變?yōu)殚g接引語時, 引導詞引導詞:whether或或if (是否是否)語序：語序：陳述句語序陳述句語序句尾標點：句尾標點：隨主句標點隨主句標點He asked me, “Are you working now?”He asked meJim asked,“Has he ever worked in Shanghai?” Jim askedI was working thenhe

13、had ever workedin Shanghai.2.直接引語直接引語是是特殊疑問句特殊疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時變?yōu)殚g接引語時, 引導詞引導詞:原來的疑問詞原來的疑問詞語序：陳述句語序語序：陳述句語序句尾標點：句尾標點：隨主句標點隨主句標點He asked, “ do you live in?”He asked me“What do you think of the film?” She asked her friend.She asked her friendI lived inwhat she thought ofthe film.3.直接引語是直接引語是選擇疑問句選擇疑問句,變間接引語

14、時變間接引語時,引導詞引導詞: whether/if or語序：語序：陳述句語序陳述句語序句尾標點：句尾標點：隨主句標點隨主句標點Mum asked,“Is it your bike or Toms?” Mum askedit was my bikeor Toms.直接引語直接引語是是祈使句祈使句變間接引語變間接引語主句主句謂語動詞謂語動詞動詞常用動詞常用 tell, ask, order, beg, request, order直接祈使句直接祈使句Jack said, “Please come to my house tomorrow, Mary.”Jack“Dont touch anyth

15、ing.” He said.Hetell/ ask/ order/ beg/ request/ order sb. (not) to do sth.asked Mary go to his housethe next day.told us touch anything.用所給動詞的正確形式填空用所給動詞的正確形式填空1. Dick said he_ (report) some important things to us the next day.2. First of all, you must tell me what you _ (do) at nine last night.3. M

16、y best friend told me he _ (send) some gifts to me for my birthday.4. He didnt tell me if Lucy _ (come) to see me in five days.5. The teacher told us the earth _ (travel) round the sun.would reportwere doinghad sent/would sendwould gotravels1.Tom says, “ I am going to be a teacher.” Tom said _ _ goi

17、ng to be a teacher.2. Amy says, “ Sally is hard-working.” Amy said _ _ hard-working.he wasSally wasChange the following into sentences reported speech.3. My English teacher says, “ You are a good student.” My teacher told me _ _ a good student.4. Jack says, “My father is a doctor.” Jack said _ fathe

18、r _ a doctor.I was/amhiswas1. Mary asked, “Could you help me cook dinner?” Mary asked me2. He asked, “Why are you so late for school, Jimmy?” He asked Jimmy3. Will you tell me the answer to this question? She asked if I could help her cook dinner. why he was so late for school. if I would tell her the answer to