2021高考英語二輪復(fù)習專題2第2講三主旨大意題專題訓(xùn)練含解析

1、主旨大意題專題訓(xùn)練對應(yīng)學生用書p076 1(2019全國卷)marian bechtel sits at west palm beachs bar louie counter by herself, quietly reading her ebook as she waits for her salad. what is she reading? none of your business! lunch is bechtels “me” time. and like more americans, shes not alone.a new report found 46 percent of

2、meals are eaten alone in america. more than half(53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.“i prefer to go out and be out. alone, but together, you kno

3、w？”bechtel said, looking up from her book. bechtel, who works in downtown west palm beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. a lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. she returns to work feeling en

4、ergized. “today, i just wanted some time to myself，”she said.just two seats over, andrew mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. he likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a firstname basis if he wants to have a little i

5、nteraction(交流). “i reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of the week，” he said. “its a chance for selfreflection. you return to work recharged and with a plan.”that freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. there was a time when people may have felt awkward about

6、asking for a table for one, but those days are over. now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “it doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，” said laurie demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.【語篇解讀】本文體裁為說明文。主題語境為人與社會，主題語境內(nèi)

7、容為社會交往?，F(xiàn)如今，在美國，越來越多的人選擇自己吃飯，他們希望以此爭取一些自己獨處的時間。本文側(cè)重培養(yǎng)學生的文化意識。1what are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?afood variety.beating habits.ctable manners.drestaurant service.解析細節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為“第二段中的數(shù)據(jù)是關(guān)于什么的？”根據(jù)第二段“a new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in america. more than half (53 percent)

8、 have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent) have lunch by themselves. only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.”可知，本段中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)據(jù)都體現(xiàn)了人們吃飯的習慣，所以選擇b項。a.食物的多樣性；c.餐桌禮儀；d.餐廳服務(wù)。答案b2why does bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?ato meet with her c

9、oworkers.bto catch up with her work.cto have some time on her own.dto collect data for her report.解析細節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為“為什么bechtel更愿意出去吃午餐？”根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“today，i just wanted some time to myself”可知答案為c項。答案c3what do we know about mazoleny?ahe makes videos for the bar.bhes fond of the food at the bar.che intervi

10、ews customers at the bar.dhes familiar with the barkeeper.解析細節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為“關(guān)于mazoleny我們知道些什么？”根據(jù)題干中的人名mazoleny可知答案應(yīng)在第四段尋找。根據(jù)第四段的第二句“he likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a firstname basis if he wants to have a little interaction.”可知，他和服務(wù)員很熟，故答案

11、為d項。a.他為餐館拍視頻；b.他喜歡這個餐館的食物；c.他在這個餐館采訪顧客。答案d4what is the text mainly about?athe trend of having meals alone.bthe importance of selfreflection.cthe stress from working overtime.dthe advantage of wireless technology.解析主旨大意題。本題題干意為“本文的主要內(nèi)容是什么？”文章最后一段出現(xiàn)了關(guān)鍵詞eat alone，第三段和第四段舉了兩個人獨自吃飯的例子。整篇文章都是圍繞著eat alone

12、展開的，與a項中的having meals alone相匹配，故答案為a項。b.自我反省的重要性；c.加班帶來的壓力；d.無線科技的優(yōu)點。答案a2(2019浙江卷)california has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素)the number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 p

13、ercent on more than 46,000 square miles of california forests, the new study finds. no area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the sierra nevada mountains to the san gabriels above los angeles. in the sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 per

14、cent; in parts of southern california the decline was nearly 75 percent.many factors contributed to the decline, said patrick mcintyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. woodcutters targeted big trees. housing development pushed into the woods. aggressive wildfire control has left c

15、alifornia forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(資源)but in comparing a study of california forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, mcintyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in w

16、ildlands protected from woodcutting or development.the loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. the researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they neede

17、d, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt(融雪)since the 1930s，mcintyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmel

18、t, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主題語境為人與自然，主題語境內(nèi)容是人與植物。文章的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于加利福尼亞大樹死亡的原因分析。文章側(cè)重于培養(yǎng)學生有關(guān)自然環(huán)境、人類生存與環(huán)境的關(guān)系方面的素養(yǎng)。1what is the second paragraph mainly about?athe seriousness of bigtree loss in california.bthe increasing variety of california big

19、 trees.cthe distribution of big trees in california forests.dthe influence of farming on big trees in california.解析推理判斷題。本題題干意為“文章第二段的主要內(nèi)容是什么？”文章第二段用比較翔實的數(shù)據(jù)陳述了加利福尼亞大樹死亡的嚴重情況。因此a項(加利福尼亞大樹死亡的嚴重情況)符合題意。b.加利福尼亞大樹多樣性的增加；c.加利福尼亞森林中大樹的分布；d.農(nóng)業(yè)對加利福尼亞大樹的影響。答案a2.which of the following is wellintentioned but ma

20、y be bad for big trees?aecological studies of forests.bbanning woodcutting.climiting housing development.dfire control measures.解析推理判斷題。本題題干意為“下面哪種措施用意良好，但對大樹有可能是有害的？”根據(jù)文章第三段中的“aggressive wildfire control has left california forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(資源)(激進的野火控制使得加利福尼亞的森林里擠滿了小樹，而這些小樹會與大樹爭奪資源)”可知，控制野火的用意是好的，但是，似乎對大樹并不好，故d項(火的控制措施)正確。a.森林的生態(tài)研究；b.樹木砍伐禁令；c.限制住房開發(fā)。答案d3what is a major cause of the water shor