高中英語必修一_unit_1_friendship__warming_up_and_reading

1、Unit 1 FriendshipWarming up Do you need friends? Do you know any proverbs about friends or friendship?1. A friend in need is a friend indeed.2. A life without a friend is a life without the sun.3. A faithful friend is hard to find.4. A friend is a gift you give yourself. Proverbs:5.Friends are like

2、wine; the older, the better.6.A friend to all is a friend to none.7.The best mirror is an old friend.8.With clothes the new are best; with friends the old are the best.Are you good to your friends?Lets do a survey to test if you are really good to your friends.Evaluation 47 points: You are not a goo

3、d friend. You either ignore your friends needs or just do what he/she wants you to do. You should think more about what a good friend needs to do. 812 points: You are a good friend but you sometimes let your friendship become too important, or you fail to show enough concern for your friends needs a

4、nd feelings. Try to strike a balance between your friends needs and your own responsibilities. 13+ points: You are an excellent friend who recognizes that to be a good friend you need balance your needs and your friends. Well done.ReadingAnnes best friendBackground InformationAnnes father : Otto Fra

5、nkAnnes mother:Mrs. FrankAnne FrankAnnes older sister: MargotPeter, who lived with the Franks in the attic 安妮安妮弗蘭克的弗蘭克的安妮日記安妮日記后被譯成后被譯成55種文種文字，它的文學價值得到了世界各國讀者的認同，字，它的文學價值得到了世界各國讀者的認同，并被改編成電影和話劇。并被改編成電影和話劇。 安妮在自己生日那天收到了一份禮物安妮在自己生日那天收到了一份禮物一本一本日記本，并將其化名為日記本，并將其化名為Kitty，以書信的形式記日記。，以書信的形式記日記。從日記的內容我們可以知

6、道，安妮與朋友相處融合，從日記的內容我們可以知道，安妮與朋友相處融合，是一個很普通的女孩子，日記上還記錄著她在過著是一個很普通的女孩子，日記上還記錄著她在過著隱秘生活時與彼得得以接近，并喜歡上彼得的過程，隱秘生活時與彼得得以接近，并喜歡上彼得的過程，以及她對戰(zhàn)爭的看法，從側面表現(xiàn)出安妮的成熟與以及她對戰(zhàn)爭的看法，從側面表現(xiàn)出安妮的成熟與樂觀。終于，不幸的事情發(fā)生了樂觀。終于，不幸的事情發(fā)生了, 他們被蓋世太保們他們被蓋世太保們發(fā)現(xiàn)被分散收容了。安妮于發(fā)現(xiàn)被分散收容了。安妮于1945年年3月在納粹集中營月在納粹集中營永遠地閉上了眼睛。永遠地閉上了眼睛。After the German invas

7、ion(侵略) of 1940, Anne was forced to leave her school. Almost right away, the Gestapo (蓋世太保) began to send thousands of Dutch resisters(反抗者) to slave labour camps in Germany. Then in February 1941 the Gestapo began to arrest Jews. It was at this moment that Otto Frank made plans to hide his family.Th

8、ey moved to Amsterdam, Netherlands They stayed on the top floor, with curtains drawn so as not to attract unwanted attention. curtainAtticWho/ what is Annes best friend? When did the story happen?Her diary KittyThe story happened during World War II.Skimming:Scanning: Fill in the form belowFill in t

9、he form belowThe time of the storyThe place of the storyThe heroine of the storyAnnes best friendThe length of time they hid awayThe date of the diary World War IINetherlands Anne her diary-Kitty nearly twenty-five months yearsThursday 15,June,19441.Anne kept a diary because2.She felt very lonely be

10、cause3.They had to hide because4.Anne named her diary Kitty becauseA.she couldnt meet her friends.B.Jews were caught by Nazis and killed.C.she could tell everything to it.D.she wanted it to be her best friend. Join the correct parts of the sentences.Intensive reading: (fill in)Time NatureFeelingBefo

11、re hidingAfter hidingBlue sky, songs of birds, moonlight, flowersNever felt spellbounddarkness, rain, wind, thundering cloudsGrey, crazy, helpless, lonelyIntensive readingStudents work in pairs to discuss the following open questions:1.Why did the windows stay closed?2.How did Anne feel?3.Guess the

12、meanings of “spellbound”, “ hold me entirely in their power” from the discourse(語篇語篇,上下文上下文).1.1.Why did the windows stay closed?2.2.How did Anne feel? They shut the windows in order not to be found and caught by the Nazis.She was afraid of being found and at the same time was eager to touch the out

13、side world. 3.3.Guess the meanings of “spellbound”, What is the meaning of “spellbound”? Use another word to substitute it.Spellbound means to concentrate with delight for some time. InterestedLanguage pointsWordsAdd 1.add up 加起來加起來 add sth.up e.g Add your scores up and we will see who will win. 2.a

14、dd up to 共計共計,總計達總計達e.g His income adds up to 1000 yuan a month. 3.add sth.to sth. 增添增添,追加追加e.g The professor added some salt to the water. 4.add to：increase增加增加e.g The news added to his anxiety.upset Adj.難過,不高興 upset about sth.v. 使心煩意亂, 使困擾I was really upset by the news.這個消息使我煩透了這個消息使我煩透了.既可做既可做形容詞

15、形容詞(adj.), 也可以做也可以做動詞動詞(v.).Theres no point getting upset about it.犯不著為此事難過犯不著為此事難過.Have got to V.S. have to 1.兩者的意義和用法基本等同,都為 “不得不,必須”的意思.但是,have got to 多用于口語, have to 多用于書面語. 2.在一般疑問句和否定句中的用法有所不同, Do you have to do your homework? Have you got to do your homework? 否定句?Can you give me an example? be

16、 concerned about/for關心關心e.g She is concerned about her sons future. concern (oneself) with/ in sth.使參與使參與e.g She concerned herself with/in social welfare.她從事社會福利工作她從事社會福利工作.e.g He was conerned in the crime. as far as is concerned 就就而言而言As far as Im concerned, the whole idea is crazy. Concerncheat ch

17、eat sb. (out) of sth. 欺騙某人某物欺騙某人某物cheat o doing sth. 欺騙某人做某事欺騙某人做某事Cheat in/on the exam 考試作弊考試作弊那個推銷員騙了她的錢那個推銷員騙了她的錢.(salesman)The salesman cheated her out of her money.The salesman cheated her into buying a fake.那個推銷員騙她買了贗品那個推銷員騙她買了贗品.patternYou friend comes to school very upset. Upset 在此處是形容

18、詞,作補語,用來補充形容主語your friend 來學校時心情很不好. He went to bed cold and hungry. Long and untidy, his hair played in the breeze.Language pointsn. : why you do sth or why sth happens 原因，理由reason 你來晚了，有理由嗎？你來晚了，有理由嗎？*Is there any reason why you were late?reason V.S. cause V.S. excusereason采取某一行動的理由 cause引起某種不 良后果

19、的起因 excuse辯解，借口，指為某一行為所做的解釋，可以是真的，也可以是托詞。Sentence structures It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face. it is the first, second, third time that sb have/ has done sth it was the first , second, third time that sb had done sth It was the second time that he had ma

20、de such a mistake.這是他第二次犯這種錯誤了這是他第二次犯這種錯誤了.n.&v 清單，一覽表；列出 （lists ,listing, listed） a shopping list 購物單 make a list列出單子，造表 *Mum often makes a shopping list before she goes shopping.listThe teacher listed all our names, so our class has a name list now.老師把我們所有人的名字都老師把我們所有人的名字都列列了出來了出來,所以我們班所以我們班現(xiàn)在有了現(xiàn)在

21、有了姓名冊姓名冊.n. 一份，分額，股份 （stock）v. 分享，均分，分擔 Lets share (the last cake),you have half and Ill have half.咱們分了（最后這塊蛋糕）吧，你一半，我一半。The young man bought/held 500 shares in a shipping company.那個年輕人購買（持有）某航運公司的500股份。 share sth (with/among/between sb) 與某人共享/分擔/均分某物（事） Share 1 .to suffer an unpleasant experience 經

22、歷不快的事經歷不快的事 just cant understand what you are going through ? Id hate to go through such a terrible ordeal again.我不想再受這種苦難。我不想再受這種苦難。2.to look at sth carefully ,especially in order to find sth 仔細檢查仔細檢查所有的袋子我都找遍，就是找不到我的皮夾所有的袋子我都找遍，就是找不到我的皮夾。I went through all my pockets but I couldnt find my wallet.

23、hide- hid- hiddenvi 躲藏 She and her family hid away. The thief hid away in a friends house for several weeks after the robbery .那個盜賊行竊后那個盜賊行竊后( robbery)在朋友家躲藏了幾個星期在朋友家躲藏了幾個星期. vt 隱瞞隱瞞 eg: Why do you hide your thoughts (away )from me ?你為什么對我隱瞞你你為什么對我隱瞞你 的想法的想法呢呢? set down 放下,擱下,使坐下,寫下,記下. eg:He was as

24、ked to set down the facts just as he remembered them . set sb down 讓叫-下車 set down as 把-看作 set down to 把-歸因于 eg:I set the man down as a salesman . He set down his failure to his poor health . set about(doing)sth 著手干某事 eg: They set about making preparations for the party .I dont want to set down a ser

25、ies of facts in a diary.set back 使后退(延遲) 撥回(慢) set forward 提出,撥快(表鐘),促進 eg: Please set back your watcher an hour . set off 動身,出發(fā),引爆， set out 出發(fā),著手干(to do),陳訴 eg: They set off|out at dawn and arrived there at about 10:00 am. The little boy dare not set off the fireworks. set up 豎起,創(chuàng)設,開辦 eg:A new scho

26、ol was set up in the southeast of the city. series n.連續(xù),系列 單復同形 eg:He saw a series of white arrows painted on the road . 他看見馬路上畫有一連串的白色箭頭. A series of lectures is prepared.series adv. 在(向)戶外,在(向)野外,其反義詞為indoors n 戶外,野外,其前常加定冠詞the,構成the- eg: Children usually prefer playing outdoors . I love to be in

27、the great outdoors. outdoor adj. 戶外的,野外的(置于名詞前) eg: an outdoor sportgame 戶外運動 indoor a 屋內的,室內的(置于n之前) eg: indoor flowers 室內花卉. I havent been able to be outdoors for so longa )為-狂熱的,癡迷的 growbe crazy about sbsth. eg: The boys are crazy about the girl singer. 那些男孩瘋狂地迷上了那個女歌手. b) 瘋狂的,癲狂的,可作定語和表語.It is c

28、razy of sb to do sth=sb be crazy to do sth eg: Its crazy of you to buy the car at a high price = You are crazy to buy the car at such a high price. 居然花那么高的價錢去買這輛車,你真是瘋了!Ive grown so crazy about everythingstay (link v) + adj/ n1) I stayed awakestayed awake through the stormy night.2) He stayed single

29、stayed single all his life.3) The weather stayed sultrystayed sultry.天氣持續(xù)悶熱。天氣持續(xù)悶熱。4) Stay seatedStay seated!坐在那別動坐在那別動! !Ive grown so crazy about everythingI stayed awake on purpose in order to have a good look at the moon.in order to 為了- = so as to with the purpose or intention of doing sth 目的在于 e

30、g: She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早,圖的是得個好位置.On purpose 故意地purpose目的目的,意圖意圖:carry out the purpose實現(xiàn)目標實現(xiàn)目標 cover ones true purpose掩蓋真實意圖掩蓋真實意圖 fit sbs purpose符合某人的意圖符合某人的意圖 Will this answer fit your purpose? 這將符合你的意圖嗎這將符合你的意圖嗎? on purpose 故意地故意地 He broke the window on purpose. But

31、 as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window far 常與too或形容詞連用, 意思是相當?shù)?得多 e.g: This question is far more difficult that I thought. too much + 不可數(shù)名詞 太多的 much too + 形容詞,副詞 實在太 e.g: He has too much money. The question is much too easy.daredare具有情態(tài)動詞和一般動詞兩種用法。具有情態(tài)動詞和一般動詞兩種用法。 實義動詞: dar

32、e to do 情態(tài)動詞: dare do/ dare not do He dares to do most things, but he doesnt dare to do this.He dared to do that and something even worse.We could see he dared not tell the truth. Dare she tell them what she knows?How dare you say so?We did not dare (to) tell him that he had failed again this time.

33、Does he dare (to) go out at night in such stormy weather?1)1) 在肯定句中的在肯定句中的dare, dares, dareddare, dares, dared之后，不定式之后，不定式一般加一般加toto。2) 2) 在否定句中和疑問句中的在否定句中和疑問句中的daredare之后，不定式之后，不定式一般不加一般不加toto。3) 3) 在用在用dodo或或doesdoes構成的否定句和疑問句中構成的否定句和疑問句中, ,理論上理論上雖然應當有雖然應當有to, to, 實際使用卻經常把實際使用卻經常把toto省略省略. .Anothe

34、r time after five months ago, I happened to be upstairs happen vi.1) What time did the accident happenhappen?2) No one know who had fired the gun it all happenedhappened so quickly.sb. happen to do sth. (似乎似乎)碰巧碰巧= to be or as if by chanceI happened to seeI happened to see her on my way to work.If y

35、ou happen to findyou happen to find it, please let me know.It happens/ happened that clauseIt happened thatIt happened that they went out when I called.在上班的路上我碰巧遇到了她在上班的路上我碰巧遇到了她. the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power. adv 完全地 completely, totally eg: Although they are twins,they look

36、 entirely different. 他們雖然是孿生子,但是相貌卻完全不同. Im not entirely happy with that idea .我對那個主意十分滿意. hold/ have sb in ones power 控制住/ 擺布某人 可數(shù)名詞,譯為a(人的)能力,精力,力量: do everything in ones power to help 盡力幫助. out ofbeyond ones power能力所不及. Knowledge is power. b權利,權限: the power of the law (法律) come into power握權 in po

37、wer當權,執(zhí)政c體力,智力,精力: His powers are falling. 他的體力正在衰退中. a man of varied powers .多才多藝的人.power面對面地 The two politicians were brought face to face in a TV interview. 這兩位從政者曾在一次電視采訪中面對面. come face to face with sb=meet sb face to face 與某人碰面. shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩 hand in hand 手牽手 heart to heart 心貼心 that

38、Id seen the night face to faceJews were caught by Nazis and put away. put sb away 把某人關進監(jiān)獄或精神病院 e.g: He was put away because of robbery. put sth away 將某物收起, 存錢以備他日之需 e.g: Put your toys way after you finish playing. She has got a few pounds put away for her retirement.according: adv.副詞 常與to搭配 to 按照，依據(jù)

39、所說 例：According to my watch, it is four oclock.We will be paid according to the amount of work we do. 我們按工作量取得報酬。Accordingly: adv. 副詞 ,按照,依據(jù)These are the rules, please act accordingly.這些是規(guī)則,請按照這些來做. Consolidation1.Word and expressions.reason - adj._ thought verb. _ outdoors antonym. _ crazy synonym.

40、_ nature adj._ entirely synonym._ power adj. _ trust n. _reasonablethinkindoorsmadnaturalcompletely, totallypowerfultrust2. Give the Chinese of the expressions: go through hide away set down a series of be crazy about put away set down a series of facts It was the first time that I wonder ifLearning

41、 about language1. Answer keys for Ex1 on Page4:1. trust 2. upset3. loose 4. calm down5. crazy6. set down7. go through8. on purpose9. face to face10. according to2. Answer keys for Ex. 2 on page 4: Annes sister, Margot, was very _ that the family had to move. She found it difficult to settle and _ in

42、 the hiding place because she was _ _ whether they would be discovered. She knew she had to _ her parents and _ them this was necessary. At first she thought she would go _ but later she realized that it was better to _ this together.upsetcalm downconcerned abouttrustaccording tocrazygo through3. An

43、swer keys for Ex.3 on page 4:1. If you are concerned about somebody, you want to offer help because you are worried about him/her.2. Was it an accident or did David do it on purpose?3. From the very beginning, Paul made it clear that he would be entirely in control.4. He used to work outdoors even i

44、n the middle of winter. 5. Nature is all the animals, plants and other things in the world that are not made by people, and all the events that are not caused by people.6. Just the thought of more food made her feel sick.have to = have got to Assignment: find out all the sentences in warming up and

45、reading that contain have to or have got to. And then transfer it into the other form. (5 sentences)Its a duty to do something.Grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech (1)1. 轉述他人的陳述轉述他人的陳述陳述句陳述句 She asked me what I was doing.1) He said , “Im going to Beijing.” He said that he was going to Beijing.2) He a

46、sked, “Are you a teacher?” He asked me if /whether I was a doctor.3) She said , “What are you doing?”2. 轉述他人的疑問轉述他人的疑問一般疑問句一般疑問句3. 轉述他人的問題轉述他人的問題特殊疑問句特殊疑問句 直接引語變成間接引語，句子結構的變化 He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “Ill give you an examin

47、ation next Monday. ” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday. 解題步驟解題步驟: : 1.1.陳述句陳述句: :“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friends that I dont likecomputers.saiddidntsheSarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.Sarah一般疑問句一般疑問句 He

48、 said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, arent you?” He asked whether I was interested in English. 2.一般疑問句一般疑問句:Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?( They asked hi

49、m )They asked himifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.特殊疑問句特殊疑問句 He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factori

50、es have been built in your country?” He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. 3.特殊疑問句：When do you harvest the wheat ?( They asked him )They asked himWhenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.harvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.選擇疑問句選擇疑問句 He asked, “Do yo

51、u speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or French. I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?” I asked him whether he would take bus or take train. 5. 注意地點的變化注意地點的變化1. 注意時態(tài)的變化注意時態(tài)的變化2. 注意人稱變化。注意人稱變化。3. 注意指示代詞的變化注意指示代詞的變化4. 注意時間的變化注意時間的變化6. 注意個別趨向動詞的變化注意個別趨向動詞的變化 Direct indire

52、ct Presentpast Past past and past perfect Present perfect past perfect Past perfectpast perfectThe geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.謂語動詞時態(tài)變化需要注意幾點：謂語動詞時態(tài)變化需要注意幾點：1. 1.直接引語表述的是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，直接引語表述的是客觀真理，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變時態(tài)不變The geography teacher said, “The sun r

53、ises in the east and sets in the west.”She says that shell never forget the days in the country.2. 如果直接引語所表述的內容在目前和說話時如果直接引語所表述的內容在目前和說話時同樣有效，變間接引語時，時態(tài)可不變同樣有效，變間接引語時，時態(tài)可不變The children said, “We love this game.”They told us that they love that game.3.主句謂語動詞的時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，在引述時，主句謂語動詞的時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，在引述時，時態(tài)不變。時態(tài)不變。

54、She says, “Ill never forget the days in the country.”1. 1. 當主句的謂語動詞是將來時的時候當主句的謂語動詞是將來時的時候 2. 2. 當直接引語部分帶有具體的過去時間狀當直接引語部分帶有具體的過去時間狀語時語時 3. 3. 當直接引語中有以當直接引語中有以when, whilewhen, while引導的從引導的從句，表示過去的時間時句，表示過去的時間時 4. 4. 當引語是諺語、格言時當引語是諺語、格言時5. 5. 當直接引語中有情態(tài)動詞當直接引語中有情態(tài)動詞should, would, could, had better, woul

55、d rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need時時 從句時態(tài)無須改變的還有以下情況從句時態(tài)無須改變的還有以下情況: : 直接引語直接引語 間接引語間接引語指示指示代詞代詞 時時 間間 狀狀 語語 地點狀語地點狀語 方向性動詞方向性動詞 this, that, these those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day

56、 before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next daynext month the next month here there come, go,bring take 直接引語中的助動詞直接引語中的助動詞 間接引語中的助動詞間接引語中的助動詞shallshallshouldshouldshouldshouldShouldShould（不變）（不變）willwillwouldwouldwouldwouldWouldWould（不變）（不變）maymaymightmightmightmightMightMight（不變）（不變）cancanc

57、ouldcouldcouldcouldCouldCould（不變）（不變）mustmustMust/had toMust/had toExercises:1. He said , “Im afraid I cant finish this work.”2.He said , “I havent heard from him since May.” 3.Tom said “I will see you next week.” He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.He said that he hadnt heard fro

58、m him since May.Tom said that he would see me the next week.4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me. 5. “I dont like swimming,” said Sarah. 6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.The teacher asked me why I was late again.Sara

59、h said she didnt like swimming.His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.1. Readers can _ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word. A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through高考鏈接C解析：答案C。本題主要考查具體語境中get短語的用法。全句意為：盡管讀者不知道每個單詞的確切含

60、義，但他們能夠很好得讀懂，即讀書進展得順利，故用get along。2. Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall高考鏈接B解析：答案B。本題考查了fall in love在虛擬語氣中的應用，從標志性時間狀語at the a