仁愛版初二上英語知識點

1、.Unit 1 Playing SportsTopic 1 Whats your favorite sport?重點詞語:1. almost(反義詞)never 2.win(過去式)won(名詞)winner 3.ski(現(xiàn)在分詞)skiing 4.famous(比較級)more famous 5.arrive(同義詞)reach 6.leave(過去式)left7.popular(最高級)most popular 8.healthy(同義詞)fit(名詞)health(1) 詞組1. during the summer holidays 在暑假期間 2. betweenand 在兩者之間3.

2、 cheer sb. on 為某人加油 4. prefer doing sth. 更喜歡做某事 5. quite a bit/a lot 很多 6. plan to do sth. 計劃做某事 7. have a skating club 舉辦滑雪俱樂部8. go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking 去滑雪/滑冰/騎車/爬山/遠足9. arrive in 到達 10. play against 與對抗/較量 11. for long 很久12. leave for 動身去 13. the day after tomorrow 后天14. place

3、s of interest 名勝 15. play baseball 打棒球 16. at least 至少17. be good at 善于做某事 18. take part in 參加 19. all over the world 全世界20. be good for 對有益 21. a good way 一種好方法 22. keep fit/healthy 保持健康23. relax oneself 放松某人自己重點句型25. Whats your favorite sport? = What sport do you like best? 你最喜愛的運動是什么?26. Which sp

4、ort do you prefer? = Which sport do you like better? 你更喜歡什么運動?I prefer skating. = I like skating better. 我更喜歡滑雪.27. Do you skate much? = Do you often skate? 你常滑雪嗎?28. She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day. 每天她至少花半小時在體育館.29. She plays baseball pretty well and she is also good at jumpi

5、ng. 她棒球打得相當好而且擅長于跳.30. What kind of sports do you like? = Which sport do you like? 你喜歡哪種運動?重點語言點31. see sb. do sth “看見某人做了某事” 強調動作的全過程,常與every day; often等連用.see sb. doing sth. “看見某人正在做某事” 強調動作正在進行.如: I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays. I often see him draw pictures

6、 near the river. 我?？匆娝诤舆叜嫯?I saw her go across the street. 我看見她過了馬路I saw her going across the street. 我看見她正在過馬路.類似的有watch, hear, feel 等這類感觀動詞.32. join sb. 表示 “加入某人的行列” “和某人在一起”；join + 組織 表示 “加入某個組織”；take part in 表示 “參加/出席某個活動”如: Will you join us? I will join the skiing club.She is planning to take

7、part in the high jump.33. arrive in + 大地點 arrive at + 小地點 get to + 地點 = reach + 地點如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday.I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached the Great Wall.注意: reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home34. leave 離開leave for

8、動身去/離開到如: They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他們要離開北京.They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 后天他們要前往日本.35. a few “幾個;一些” 修飾可數(shù)名36. 詞 a little “一點點” 修飾不數(shù)名詞如: There are a few eggs in the basket. There is a little water in the bottle.37. how long 表示“多久(時間)”; 提問時間段.how often 表示 “多常; 多久一次”; 提

9、問時間的頻率.如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. How long will they stay in Beijing?He plays basketball twice a week. How often does he play basketball?7. be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth. 擅長于(做)某事如: She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball.8.make sth/s

10、b + adj.使某物(某人)在某種狀態(tài)； keep sth/sb + adj.保持某物(某人)在某種狀態(tài)如: Playing soccer can make your body strong.Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.重點語法:一般將來時：（一）be going to 結構: 表示主語進行某一將來行動的打算、意圖。這種打算常經過預先考慮并含有自己做好某些準備的意思，因此通常認為用be going to表達的行動很可能會見諸實踐。 如：Im going to play basketball with my cl

11、assmates this Sunday. 我打算本周日和同學們一起打籃球。She is going to buy a sweater for her mother. 她打算為她媽媽買一件毛衣。表預測。指根據(jù)跡象推測，而且馬上或很快就要發(fā)生。如：Look at those clouds. Its going to rain. 瞧那些烏云！快要下雨了?。ǘ?will + 動詞原形：表示單純的將來事實，常與表將來的時間狀語如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year)等連用。will not = wont; 縮略形式為ll.表示作出立即的決

12、定。這種意圖并未經過事先的考慮或計劃，是臨時的一種決定。如：a. -Please put your things away, Tom. 湯姆，把你的東西收拾好。-Im sorry. Ill do it right away. 對不起。我馬上就去做。b. -Would you like coffee or tea? 您要咖啡還是茶？-I will have a cup of tea, please. 我要一杯茶。c. Dont worry. Ill help you. 別擔心。我會幫你的。表示預測。指說話人對于將來的看法、假設和推測。如： Im sure our team will win ne

13、xt time. 我確信下次我們隊會贏。Maybe she will go to the gym. 也許她會去體育館。表示許諾。如： Ill do better next time. 下次我會做得更好的。Ill visit you tomorrow. 明天我會去看你的。句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.否定句：I/She/He/They wont go to play baseball soon.一般疑問句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon?回答：Yes, I/she/

14、he/they will. No, I/she /he/they wont.（三）動詞plan, come, go, leave, fly等用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將要發(fā)生的事.如： Im coming. 我就來。He is leaving for Shanghai. 他將到上海去。We are going to Beijing. 我們將去北京。Topic 2 Would you mind saying sorry to Michael?一、重點詞語:詞形轉換：(1) adj. + ly adv. loud loudly soft softly quiet quietlyclear clearly a

15、ngry angrily easy easily(2)過去式：fall fell break broke lose lost throw threw feel felt(3) 1.ill (同義詞) sick (名詞) illness 2.start(同義詞) begin 3.far(反義詞) near 4.smoke (現(xiàn)在分詞) smoking 5.careless(反義詞) careful 6.important (比較級) more important 7.Russia (公民) Russian 8.enjoy(現(xiàn)在分詞) enjoying 9.invent (名詞) inventio

16、n; inventor 10.indoor (反義詞) outdoor 11.century (復數(shù)) centuries 12.coach (復數(shù)) coaches 13.feel (名詞)feeling 14.tiring (近義詞) tired(二) 詞組:have a soccer game 進行一場足球賽 fall ill 病倒了be a little far from 離有點遠 right away = at once 立刻;馬上miss a good chance 錯過一個好機會 get/miss a goal 得到/失去一分shame on sb. 為某人感到羞恥 do one

17、s best 盡某人的力say sorry to sb. 對某人說抱歉 be sure to do sth. 確定做某事be angry with 生某人的氣 with ones help = with the help of sb. 在某人的幫助下serve food 上菜 turn up/down 調高/低（音量）keep sb. doing sth. 讓某人一直做某事 in a minute 一分鐘后；馬上on the phone 在電話中 take a seat 就坐never mind 不要緊 a lot of traveling 一系列旅行l(wèi)ove/enjoy doing sth.

18、 喜愛/歡做某事 have a very exciting life 過著非常興奮的生活as well 也 throwinto 把投進follow/obey the rules 遵守規(guī)則 over a century later 一個多世紀后more and more people 越來越多的人 feel tired 感到疲勞instead of 替代 ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事make a plan for sb. 為某人訂一份計劃 build up 增進;增強go right 正常運轉 do the homework 做作業(yè)二.重點句型Could you pleas

19、e do me a favor? = Could you help me? = Could you give me a hand?你能幫我嗎？Would you mind teaching me? = Would you please teach me? 你教我好嗎？You are always so careless. 你總是這樣粗心大意.Let me buy you a new one. = Let me buy a new one for you.讓我為你買一個新的。He invented an indoor game for his students so that they coul

20、d play it even in bad weather. 他為他的學生們發(fā)明了一項室內運動以便他們甚至在惡劣的天氣也能玩。And you can throw it with one hand or both hands.你能用一只手或兩只手投擲它。三. 重點語言點ill 與 sick 都表示 “生病的”, 只能作表語而既可作表語也可作定語.如: The man is ill/sick. 那個男人病了. (作表語)He is a sick man. 他是個病人. (作定語)Would you mind (not) doing sth.? 表示 “(不)做某事介意/好嗎?”如: Would y

21、ou mind coming and checking it? 來修理它好嗎?Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在這兒吸煙好/介意嗎?3. one of + 名詞復數(shù) 表示 “其中之一”, 主語是one,表單數(shù).如: One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一個隊友又高又壯。4. miss “錯過,思念,遺失”如: I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我錯過最后一班車.He missed his mother. 他想念他的母親.My God! I missed(=lost) m

22、y key. 天啊! 我把鑰匙弄丟了.5. be sure to do sth. = be sure that + 句子 “確定做某事”如: We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next time.我們確信下次一定會贏。be sorry for “為某事抱歉”be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子 “很抱歉做了某事”如: I am very sorry for what I said. 我為我所說的話感到抱歉.Im sorry I lost your book.

23、= Im sorry to lose your book.很抱歉弄丟你的書。7tired adj. “（感到）疲憊的” , 主語是人 如: I feel tired today. 今天我感到累了.tiring adj. “令人疲勞的”, 主語是事物 如:This job is tiring. 這份工作令人疲憊類似的有: excited 感到興奮的 exciting 令人興奮的interested 感到有趣的 interesting 有趣的8.15-year-old “15歲的”15 years old “15歲” 如: He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is

24、 15 years old.類似用法: 2.5-mile / 2.5 miles9. instead “替代;相反”, 一般單獨使用,放在句末,前面用逗號隔開.instead of“替代;而不,相反”如: I wont go to Shanghai. Ill go to Beijing, instead. 我不會去上海而會去北京.= Ill go to Beijing instead of Shanghai.I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了許多牛奶而不是水have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示 “

25、從做.中獲得樂趣”如: I have great fun running. = I enjoy running.我總能在跑步中得到很大樂趣。四、交際用語(2) 請求和回答Requests ResponsesCould you please do me a favor? Sure. What is it?Will you join us? Id be glad to.Would you mind teaching me? Not at all, lets go and practice.（二）道歉和回答Apologies ResponsesIm sorry I didnt call you la

26、st night. Never mind.I guess you were busy last night.Im sorry Im late for class. Thats OK. Please take a seat.Im sorry I lost your book. It doesnt matter. That book isnt important to me.Im sorry I broke your pen. Dont worry. I have another pen.Topic 3 Beijing will host the 2008 Olympics.一、重點詞組:join

27、 the English club 加入英語俱樂部 host the 2008 Olympics 舉辦2008年奧運會fill out 填出/好 go on 發(fā)生；進行 all the interesting places 所有有趣的地方quite a lot 相當多 make friends with 與交朋友 be afraid 恐怕be free 有空 see you then 再見 win the first gold medal 贏得第一枚金牌get 28 gold medals 獲得28枚金牌 every four years 每四年;每隔三年the winner of the f

28、irst gold medal第一枚金牌的獲勝者the mascot for the Beijing Olympics 北京奧運會的吉祥物behave well 舉止得體 improve the environment 改善環(huán)境plant trees and grass 種植花草樹木 a symbol of 一種的象征stand for 代表 the five parts of the world 世界的五大部分do morning exercises 做早操 be fond of (doing) sth. 喜歡(做)某事二、重點句型1.Could you tell me your name?

29、 你能告訴我你的名字嗎= Whats your name?2.What do you do? = Whats your job? = What are you? 你是干什么的?3. More and more foreign friends ride in my taxi (= take my taxi) now.現(xiàn)在越來越多的外國朋友搭我的出租車.4.Speaking English will help me a lot. 說英語將對我有很大幫助.5.Please fill it out. 請把它填好.6.What will the weather be like this weekend?

30、 = How will the weather be this weekend?本周末的天氣怎樣?7.There will be more roads in Beijing. 在北京將會有更多的馬路.三. 重點語言點fill out + 名詞 “填好”; fill + 名詞/代詞+out如: Please fill out this form. = Please fill this form out. 請?zhí)詈眠@張表格.Please fill it/them out. (當賓語是代詞時, 只能放中間) 請把它(們)填好.be afraid “恐怕” 指有禮貌地、委婉地拒絕別人.be afraid

31、 of “害怕(做)”如: Im afraid I wont be free. 我恐怕沒有空.He is afraid of dogs. 他害怕狗.They are afraid of losing the game. 他們害怕輸了比賽.may be “可能是” may是情態(tài)動詞 + bemaybe “或許; 可能” maybe是副詞如: He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a teacher. 他可能是一名老師.He may know her name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字.between 在兩者之間am

32、ong 在三者或三者當中如: The answer is between A and B. 答案在A和B 之間.The winner is among of us. 獲勝者在我們當中.5. There be 句型的一般將來時正:There will be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.= There is going to be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.誤:There will have a sports meeting in our school this weekend

33、.= There is going to have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.四、交際用語提建議的句型:Would you like to go hiking with us? 你想和我們一起去遠足嗎?What/How about going hiking with us? 和我們一起去遠足怎么樣?Why dont you go hiking with us? 你為什么不和我們一起去遠足呢?Why not go hiking with us? 為什么不和我們?yōu)槭裁床缓臀覀円黄鹑ミh足呢?呢?Lets go hiking. 讓我們一起去

34、遠足吧!Would you mind going hiking with us? 你介意和我們一起去遠足嗎?Would you please go hiking with us? 和我們一起去遠足好嗎?Shall we go hiking? 我們一起去遠足好嗎?(shall在疑問句中與I 和we連用,表示提出或征求意見. 意思為 “好嗎?/ 要不要?)Unit 2 Keeping HealthyTopic 1 How are you feeling today?一、重點詞組:have a (bad/terrible) cold 患（重）感冒 have a toothache/backache/

35、headachestomachache 牙痛/背痛/頭痛/胃痛 see a dentist/doctor 看牙醫(yī)/醫(yī)生have a cough/fever 患咳嗽/發(fā)高燒 have the flu 得了流感have sore eyes 眼睛發(fā)炎 have a sore throat 喉嚨發(fā)炎 sleep well 睡得好take/have a (good) rest（好好）休息 drink a lot of boiled water 多喝開水lift heavy things 提重物 stay in bed 呆在床上 have a good sleep 好好睡一覺feel terrible 感

36、到難受 take sb. to 帶某人去take some medicine/ pills 吃藥 day and night 日日夜夜 bad luck 倒霉lie down 躺下 hot tea with honey 加蜜的熱茶 brush ones teeth 刷牙have an accident 出了事故/意外 send sb. to. 送某人去take/ have a look at 看一看 notuntil 直到才.get well 恢復健康 plenty of 充足;大量 take off your coat 脫掉你的大衣二、重點句型You should see a dentist

37、.你應該看牙醫(yī)。You shouldnt lift heavy things.你不應該提重物。You look pale. 你看起來氣色不好,很蒼白.Youd better go to see a doctor. 你最好去看醫(yī)生.Youd better not go to school today. 今天你最好不要去上學. Thank you for your flowers and fruit. 謝謝你送來的鮮花和水果.I couldnt read them until today. 直到今天我才讀了他們.三. 重點語言點1. 身體某個部位 + ache，表身體某處疼痛。如: headach

38、e 頭痛 backache 背痛 stomachache 胃痛 toothache 牙痛2. medicine “藥” 為不可數(shù)名詞; pill“藥片” 為可數(shù)名詞如: take some medicine 吃些藥 take some cold pills 吃些感冒藥 3. with “含有”without “沒有”hot tea with honey 加蜜的茶 coffee with sugar and milk 加糖和牛奶mooncake with eggs 含雞蛋的月餅Chinese tea with nothing = Chinese tea without anything 中國清茶

39、Go to school without (eating) breakfast. 沒吃早飯去上學。4. until “直到為止” ; 句中動詞一般為延續(xù)性動詞not until. “直到才” ; 句中動詞一般為短暫性動詞如: He will wait for his father until ten oclock. 他將等他父親一直到10點為止.He wont leave until his father comes . 直到他父親來他才離開.5. bothand. “和(兩者)都”; 當主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù).如: I know both Jim and Tom. 吉姆和湯姆倆人我都認識.B

40、oth Jim and I are 16 years old. 我和吉姆都是16歲.6. plenty of “充足;大量” 既可修飾可數(shù)名詞也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞, 只用于肯定句,相當于a lot of/ lots ofmany “許多”, 修飾可數(shù)名詞much “許多”, 修飾不可數(shù)名詞如: You should drink plenty of /a lot of boiled water. 你應該喝大量的開水.You shouldnt drink so much water. 你不應該喝這么多水.I have many/lots of/a lot of/plenty of books. 我有

41、許多水.四、交際用語(一)詢問病情Whats wrong/the matter/ the trouble with you ? 有什么不舒服? How are you feeling now? 你現(xiàn)在感覺怎么樣? Do you have a cold? 你得了感冒了嗎?(二)訴說病情1. I feel terrible./ I am feeling terrible. 我感到難受.2. I have a headache/stomachache/. 我頭痛/肚子痛.3. I cant sleep well at night. 我晚上睡不好覺.4. I cough day and night.

42、我日日夜夜地咳嗽.5. But my left leg hurts when I move it. 但是當我移動時,我的左腿疼.(三) 表示同情1. Im sorry to hear that.聽到這事我感到難過.2. Thats too bad. 那太糟了.3. Bad luck. 倒霉.(四) 表達建議1. Youd better (not) do sth.最好(不 )做某事.2. You should/ shouldnt do sth. 你(不) 應該做某事.3. Shall I take you to the hospital? 我?guī)闳メt(yī)院好嗎?Topic 2 Is it good

43、for your health?一、重點詞組:look tired 看起來很累 watch a soccer game on TV 在電視上觀看一場足球賽stay up 熬夜 keep long fingernails 留長指甲wash hands before meals 飯前洗手 play sports right after meals 飯后適當運動take a fresh breath 呼吸新鮮空氣 be necessary for 對于是必不可少的keep you active 使你保持精力旺盛 in the daytime 在白天throw litter about 亂扔垃圾 ge

44、t enough sleep 得到足夠的睡眠exercise on an empty stomach 空腹鍛煉= without eating anythingneed to do sth. 需要做某事 get into 進入become sick 生病 fight germs 抗擊病菌keep the air clean and fresh 保持空氣清新 eat bad food 吃變質食物sweep the floors 打掃地板 as we know 眾所周知have the right kinds of food 吃正確種類的（健康的）食品choose the wrong food 選

45、擇錯誤的（不健康的）食品in different ways 用不同的方法 make us sick 使我們生病二、重點句型1. I see. Staying up late is bad for your health. 我明白了. 熬夜有害你的健康.(動名詞短語做主語)2. How did Wang Jun get a headache? 王俊怎樣患上頭痛的？Is going to bed early good or bad for your health? Its good.早點睡覺對你的健康有益還是有害? 有益. (選擇問句要根據(jù)事實回答)Walking is good exercise

46、 and it is necessary for good health.散步是很好的鍛煉,是身體健康必不可少.3. It will keep you active in the daytime. 它(早睡早起)將使你在白天保持旺盛的精力.4. You must not throw litter about. = Dont throw litter about. 不要亂扔垃圾.5. We may have more than one headache each month. 每月我們可能會不止一次頭疼.You may get a headache when you cant get enoug

47、h sleep.當你睡眠不足時,可能會頭疼.What does it mean when you have a headache? 頭痛對你來說意味著什么?6. The boy becomes sick. 那個男孩生病了.7. As we know, food gives us energy. 眾所周知,食物給我們提供能量.8. If we eat too little or too much food, or if we choose the wrong food, it can make us sick.如果我們吃得太少或太多, 或者食物的選擇不當會生病的.三. 重點語言點1. be go

48、od for 對有益 be bad for 對有害如: Swimming is good for health. 游泳對健康有益.Reading in strong sunlight is bad for the eyes. 在強烈的陽光下看書對眼睛有害.2. disease 通常指具體的病, 表 “特定的疾病、病名”illness 通常指生病的狀態(tài)或表抽象的疾病 如： Germs can cause diseases. 細菌會引發(fā)疾病。 SARS is a serious disease. 非典是一種嚴重的疾病。 Dont worry about his illness. 別擔心他的病。3.

49、 exercise 表“鍛煉/運動”時, 為不可數(shù)名詞;表“練習”或有定語修飾時, 為可數(shù)名詞.如: He often takes/does exercise in the morning. 他經常上午鍛煉.Please do the exercises at once.請馬上做這些練習.He does morning exercises every day. 他每天做早操.Walking is good exercise. 散步是很好的鍛煉.4. enough adj. “足夠的”修飾名詞時, 既可放在名詞之前, 也可放在名詞之后.(但通常放在名詞之前)如: I have enough ti

50、me/ time enough to finish this work. 我有足夠的時間完成這項工作.There is enough food in the fridge. 冰箱里有足夠的食物.adv. “足夠地” 修飾形容詞或副詞時, 均放在所修飾詞的后面.如: He is tall enough to reach the apple. 他足夠高,能夠得著蘋果.He speaks clearly enough. 他講得足夠清楚.5. need “需要, 必需”1) 作實義動詞: need sth. 需要某物 need to do sth. 需要做某事如: I need some help.

51、我需要一些幫助. You need to see a doctor. 你需要去看醫(yī)生.He needs to take a bus. 他需要去搭車.2) 作情態(tài)動詞: need + 動詞原形如: If she wants anything, she only need ask. 她想要什么東西, 只要開口就行了.You neednt finish this work today. 你不必今天完成這項工作.6. too much + 不可數(shù)名詞 表“太多的?！眒uch too + 形容詞 表“太?！?，much 起加強語氣作用如：Dont eat too much meat. 不要吃太多的肉。He

52、 is much too fat. 他實在太胖了。四.重點語法情態(tài)動詞:must “必須, 一定”如: We must study hard. 我們必須努力學習.mustnt “不可以” 如: You mustnt walk on the lawn. 你不可以在草坪上行走.should “應該” 如: We should finish it on time. 我們應該按時完成它.shouldnt “不該” 如: You shouldnt go to school late. 你不該上學遲到.had better “最好” 如：You had better go to bed early. 你最好早睡。had better not “最好不” 如：You had better not go to bed late.你最好不要遲睡。may “可以”如: May I come in