2020屆高考英語二輪題海特訓營(3)閱讀理解細節(jié)理解三

1、閱讀理解 - 細節(jié)理解三1、As the Earth warms from the increase of carbon dioxide in its atmosphere, the oceans that cover 70 percent of its surface are warming too. This warming will likely benefit some sea species at the expense of others.A study in the May 20 issue of the journal Nature confirmed that there h

2、as been a warming trend in the world ' s oceans since 1993, as the waters have absorbed much of the extra energy in the planet' s atmosphere.The warming that has already occurred, and is expected to continue in the coming decades, will likely spell bad news for many ocean species, such as co

3、rals and species that live in the cold waters of the planet ' s poles. But some creatures beneath the ocean surface might actually have an advantage in the newly wanned waters.A 2008 study, for example, said that a warming of just a few degrees Fahrenheit in Antarctic waters could make them suit

4、able to sharks,which haven't lived in the area for about 40 million years. It 's easier for sharks to keep their high metabolism in warmer waters. If sharks do move into the area,they could cause damage to the existing ecosystems of the oceans around Antarctica.A study of starfish found thes

5、e typical ocean creatures grew faster in water at warmer temperatures and higher carbon dioxide levels ( another result of all the extra greenhouse gas in the atmosphere) than at normal conditions which is bad news for the shellfishes they live on.Work by Jeremy Jackson, a professor at Scripps Insti

6、tution of Oceanography at the University of California at San Diego, suggests that ocean warming alongwith other threats such as overfishing and habitat destruction could change oncecomplex ocean ecosystems into ones that favor simpler species, such as microbes, toxic algal blooms and jellyfishes.1.

7、 How is Paragraph 3 developed?A. By giving examples.B. By analyzing causes.C. By making comparisons.D. By making classifications.2. What can we know about sharks from the fourth paragraph?A. They are native to Antarctic waters.B. They do harm to the whole ecosystem.C. They' re adaptable to warme

8、r water conditions.D. They threaten simpler species in Antarctic waters.3. What will ocean warming likely bring about?A. Promoting the growth of starfish.B. An ecosystem of smaller creatures.C. Different food sources for sea creatures.D. Damaging living places of deep-sea species.4. What is the purp

9、ose of the passage?A. To explain why ocean warming benefit some species.B. To introduce how creatures survive in warmer oceans.C. To clarify some misunderstandings about ocean warming.D. To show which creatures will benefit from warmer oceans.2、Steven Weinberger is the director of linguistics in the

10、 English Departmentat George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. He says students in his beginning phonetics class are mostly interested in teaching English as a second language. They wanted to study how non-native speakers pronounce different sounds."So we sent the students out to record no

11、n-native speakers, and we compared those speakers to each other and to native speakers of English,” said StevenWeinberger.Professor Weinberger wrote a paragraph for all of the speakers to read. The paragraph uses common words but contains almost all of the soundsused in English.Here is that sixty-ni

12、ne-word paragraph:“ Please call Stella. Ask her to bring these things with her from the store: Six spoons of fresh snow peas, five thick slabs of blue cheese, and maybe a snackfor her brother Bob. We also need a small plastic snake and a big toy frog for the kids. She can scoop these things into thr

13、ee red bags, and we will go meet her Wednesday at the train station. ”In 1999, Professor Weinberger put the recordings online. The Speech AccentArchive is for anyone who wants to compare and analyze the accents of different English speakers.Some people think the archive would be better if it include

14、d natural speech-people talking freely, not just reading the same words. Professor Weinberger recognizes the strengths and weaknesses of his site.Professor Weinberger says the site gets a million visits a month and would like more people to send in theirown samples of the sixty-nine-word paragraph.S

15、teven Weinberger said, Right now we only have samples from about 350 languages, including English. You know, there are 6, 000 languages in the world today, so we need lots more. That ' s why the archive work will never be finished.1. Why did Professor Weinberger let his students record non-nativ

16、e speakers?A. Most of his students are interested in phonetics.B. The pronunciation from non-native speakers sounds strange.C. They were gathering materials for the Speech Accent Archive.D. They wanted to know how non-native speakers pronounce different sounds.2. The Speech Accent Archive is intende

17、d for .A. all the stud ents in Weinberger ' s beginning phonetics classB. whoever wants to study the accents of different English speakersC. the teachers of linguistics in the English Department at George Mason UniversityD. raising money by the rate of clicking the website3. The reason why Profe

18、ssor Weinberger chose the words in Para.4 for all of the speakers to read is that .A. the words in this paragraph are very easy to readB. people are familiar with the activities included in this paragraphC. most of the speakers are interested in the information shown in this paragraphD. the words ar

19、e common and almost all of the sounds used in English are contained4.In which part of a website may the passage appear?A. Entertainment.B. Advertisement.C. Life.D. Education.3、Grandparents Answer a CallAs a third-generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased move away. Even wh

20、en her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children, she politely refused . Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Gaf finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move to a success, giving them a closer relationship than they

21、would have had in separate cities.No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are movingcloser to the children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obam'a s mother -in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and

22、into the White House to help care for her granddaughters.According to a study grandparents com. 83 percent of thepeople said Mrs. Robinsons decision will influence the grandparents in the American family. Two-thirdsbelieve more families will follow the example of Obama's family.“in the 1960s we

23、were all a little wild and couldn 't get away from home far enough fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christine Crosby, publisher of grate magazine for grandparents .“We now realize how important family is and how important to be nearthem, especially when you 're raining c

24、hildren. ”Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with hisor her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiserto say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult childis struggling, bu

25、t giving up the life you knowmay be harder.1. Why was Garza 's move a success?A. It strengthened her family ties.B. It improved her living conditions.C. It enabled her make more friends.D. It helped her know more new places.2. What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinson' s decision?

26、A. 17% expressed their support for it.B. Few people responded sympathetically.C. 83% believed it had a bad influence.D. The majority thought it was a trend.3. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?A. They were unsure of raise more children.B. They were eager to raise more children.C. They wa

27、nted to live away from their parents.D. They bad little respect for their grandparent.4. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?A. Make decisions in the best interests' of their ownB. Ask their children to pay more visits to themC. Sacrifice for their struggling c

28、hildrenD. Get to know themselves better4、Spending money on time-saving services reduces stress and boosts （增進 ）happiness, according to a new research, but shockingly, few of us do it.Whillans, a professor at HBS said,“ Buying time helps to protect us from thestress in our lives caused by time pressu

29、re, and the feeling that we don' t haveenough minutes in the day to complete our tasks.''The effect was clearest in the Canadian experiment, in which 60 working adults were given $40 to spend in two different ways. One weekend, they were told to spend the money on a material purchase a g

30、ift for themselves. The next weekend, they were in structed to spe nd the $40 on anything that saved them time, from pay ing then eighbor ' s kid to run errands （ 跑腿 ）to tak ing a Uber in stead of a bus.“On the da y they made the time-saving purchase, they felt happier, in abetter mood, and lowe

31、r feelingsof time stress than on the day they bought a materialpurchase ” said Whillans.The biggest surprise to the researchers was how few people would spend money on time-savi ng services. When they asked 98 work ing adults how they would spe nd a“windfall ” of $40, only two percent named a purcha

32、se that would save them time.“One reason, '' said Whillans,“is that we ' re very bad at rememberinghow much we hate doing certa in tasks once the sufferi ng has passed. That makes usless likely to take active steps to avoid that over burdened feeling in the future. ”But another possible

33、cause is good old- fashioned guilt. “ If you feel guilty about getti ng some one to clea n your house for you, the n you might get less happ in ess from outsourcing that task, ” said Whillans, or you might just be less likely to spend your money in that way. ''1n the Can adia n experime nt,

34、the participants.A. were divided into two groupsB. were give n $ 40 every two weeksC. were asked to give money to a neighbor' s kidD. were asked to spe nd the money in differe nt ways2. Accord ing to the author, what can make people less time-stressed?A. Payi ng much for a concert ticket.B. Tak

35、ing a regular bus to get to work.C. Emplo ying some one to clea n the garde n.D. Bu ying themselves an expe nsive prese nt.3. When it comes to spending money on buying time ” ,.A. no people would like to do itB. a small perce ntage of people choose to do itC. more people will do it if extra money is

36、 give n4.What do the un derl ined words"that overburde ned feeli ngin Paragraph 6 referto?A. The good old-fashi oned guilt.B. The feeli ng of spe nding money on goods.C. The stress of havi ng some one clea n your house.D. The discomfort whe n completi ng tasks we hate doing.5、Nowadays,parents w

37、orry a lot because their childrenspend hours and hoursin front of the TV screen.Because this doesn' t happen to only one specificfamily,ma ny experts warn us that there can be some serious effects of childre nwatching violenee （ 暴力）on television.Children who become addicted（ 上癮的）to TV sit down a

38、nd turn on the TV assoon as they get home.Although they have lots of homework,they become absorbed inTV programs.Since they spendtons of time watching TV,they have less time to enjoy reallife activities such as play ing with frien ds,play ing outdoor sports,or enjoying other kinds of en terta inment

39、.There are too many viole nt scenes on TV.Some experts say there are 25 actsof violenee per hour on TV.In addition,thereare many experiments by psychologistswhich show how TV viole nee in flue nces childre n.Fin ally,people worry that childre n tend to imitate what they watch on TV and may start to

40、behave more viole ntly.What should be done? First of all,the gover nment should regulate TVviole nce.lt should also en courage people to invent and develop new tech no logy which can block violent scenes from the programs childrenwatch.For example,with a ratingsystem（分級制度 ）and the V-chip,unfit scene

41、s of violence and sex can be blocked out.Second,parents should monitor what their children watch.At the same time,they should make their children interestedin real lifeactivities.Thenwhen the childrenstart to spend more time playing with friends or reading books,parentscan stop their mon itori ng.It

42、 is a fact that there is more violence on TV today than there was ten years ago.Moreover,violent incidents occur more frequently in real life.It' s time tor ealize how harmful watching TV violence is,and it ' s time to keep our children from watching violence.1. What experts really worry is

43、that .A. children spend too much time watching TVB. TV violence has a bad influence on childrenC. children become addicted to TV programsD. children have less time to do their homework2. The author explain how the government should control TV violence by .A. giving an exampleB. giving a definitionC.

44、 making a comparisonD. presenting research findings3. What does the underlined word “ imitate ” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?A. Explain.B. Copy.C. Ignore.D. Avoid.4. What is the author ' s purpose for writing this text?A. To express his own worries about TV violence.B. To ask parents to tak

45、e good care of their children.C. To inform readers of the latest situation about TV violence.D. To call on the whole society to save children from violence.6、How much weight a baby gains during its first month could determine itsIQ, as a new research suggests. The study found that children who gain

46、more weight, and whose heads grow quickly during the first month of life, tend to have a higher IQ when they start school.Researchers at the University of Adelaide, in Australia studied 13,800 children who were born at full-term. They found that those who put on 40% of their birth weight in the firs

47、t four weeks had an IQ 1.5 points higher than those who only put on 15% of their birth weight. Those who experienced the biggest growth in head circumference （ 頭圍） also had the highest IQs by the age of six.“Head circumference is an indicator of brain volume, so a greater increase in head circumfere

48、nce in a newly- born baby suggests more rapid brain growth, ” says the led author of the study, Dr. Lisa Smithers.She added, “Overall, newly-born children who grew faster in the first four weeks had higher IQ scores later in life. Those children who gained the most weight scored especially high on v

49、erbal （ 言語 ） IQ at age 6. This may be because the neural （神經(jīng)的 ） structures for verbal IQ develop earlier in life, which means the rapid weight gain during the first month could be having a direct cognitive benefit for the children. ”Previous studies have shown the association between early postnatal

50、 （產(chǎn)后的） diet and IQ, but this is the first study of its kind to focus on the IQ benefits of rapid weight gain in the first month of life. Dr. Smithers says the study further highlights the need for successful feeding of newly- born babies. “Weknow that many mothers have difficulty establishing breast

51、feeding in the first week of their babies ' life, ” Dr. Smithers said.“The findings of our study suggest that if babies are having feeding problems, there needs to be early intervention （干預） in the management of that feeding.”1. The study mainly shows that A. head circumference is certainly conn

52、ected to IQ.B. babies ' heads grow quickly during the first month.C. full-term babies tend to be cleverer than premature babies. （早產(chǎn)兒 ）D. the more weight newly-born babies gain, the higher IQ they are likely to have.2. How did the researchers get their conclusion from the study?A. By asking ques

53、tions.B. By making comparison.C. By having a discussion.D. By referring to documents.3. According to Dr. Lisa Smithers, we can learn that A. a kid ' s verbal IQ scores reach its highest at age six.B. this study helps parents find feeding problems.C. quick weight gain benefits newly born babies o

54、n verbal IQ.D. this study reminds parents of the need for breastfeeding.4. The study differs from previous ones that A. it associates early postnatal diet with IQ.B. it pays attention to the IQ of newly-born babies.C. it emphasizes the significance of successful feeding.D. it first focuses on the re

55、lation between IQ and weight gain in the first month of life.答案以及解析1 答案及解析：答案： 1.C; 2.C; 3.A; 4.D解析：1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“ But”的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，本段主要是通過對比 海洋變暖對哪些生物有利 , 對哪些生物有害來行文的。故選C。2. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的 make them suitable to sharks 以及 It 's easier forsharks to keep their high metabolism in warmer waters可知 ， 鯊

56、魚能夠適應溫度更高的環(huán)境中的生活 . 故選 C.3. 細節(jié)理解題 . 根據(jù)第五段可知 ， 海星在水溫比較高的水域會生長得更快 ， 即海洋變暖會促進海星的生長，故選A.誤解分析：不能誤選B項。根據(jù)最后一段可知，諸多因素會將復雜的 生態(tài)系統(tǒng)變?yōu)檫m應簡單生物的一些生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。這些因素中不只是氣候變暖.4. 寫作意圖題 . 縱觀全文可知 ， 作者寫作本文主要是為了告訴我們哪些生物能在海洋變暖中 繼續(xù)發(fā)展 ， 即從中獲益。故選 D。2答案及解析：答案： 1.D; 2.B; 3.D; 4.D解析： 1. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“ They wanted to study h ow nonnative sp

57、eakers pronounce different sounds. ” 以及第二段的So.可知 ,之所以 Weinberger 教授讓他的學生們給非母語人士錄音是因為這些學生想要研究非母語人士如何發(fā)音故D項符合題意。2. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段可知, 這份語言口音檔案提供給任何想對不同英語朗讀者的口音做比較和分析的人士使用。故B項符合題意。3. 細節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第三段的“The paragraph uses commonwords but contains almost al lof the sounds used in English. ” 可知 ,D 項是正確的。4. 推理判斷題。因為本文

58、是一所大學的英語系教授因?qū)W生們想要研究非母語人士如何發(fā)音,所以在網(wǎng)上建立了一個口音各異的英語錄音檔案因此可推知，該篇文章是關于教育的，故D項符合題意。3答案及解析：答案： 1.A; 2.D; 3.C; 4.A解析：1. 本文是一篇議論文。主要講述目前社會上很多老年人愿意搬到離子女近的地方居住 的一種趨勢。同時作者也建議老人們要做出適合自己的選擇 ， 不要僅僅為孩子考慮而犧牲了 自己習慣了的生活方式。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句 "Today all three generations regard the move as a success， giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities. ”可知，Garza搬到離子女家近的地方居住,使他們的家庭關系更加緊密。故選A項。2. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“ Two -thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama's family. ”可知 ， 越來越