被動語態(tài).ppt課件

1、12 英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)： 主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài) (the Active Voice) 被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài) (the Passive Voice)A. 主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者。B. 被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者承受者。We planted the tree.The tree was planted by us.注：后面能接賓語的動詞才有被動語態(tài)注：后面能接賓語的動詞才有被動語態(tài)3We speak English.主語主語謂語謂語賓語賓語English is spoken by us.主語主語謂語謂語賓語賓語主動語態(tài)主

2、動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)They cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天他們打掃了教室。昨天他們打掃了教室。The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday.昨天教室被他們打掃了。昨天教室被他們打掃了。41. 一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時：is / am / are + 及物動詞的過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞 2. 一般過去時：一般過去時：was / were + 及物動詞的過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞 3. 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在/過去完成時：過去完成時：has / have/had + been + 及物動詞的過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞 4. 一

3、般將來時：一般將來時：will+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞 5. 含有情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞含有情態(tài)動詞：情態(tài)動詞+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞 6. 現(xiàn)在進行時：現(xiàn)在進行時：am / is / are + being + 及物動詞的過去分詞及物動詞的過去分詞歌訣：被動語態(tài)歌訣：被動語態(tài)be字變，過去分詞跟后面字變，過去分詞跟后面5二二、被動語態(tài)的結構與時態(tài)被動語態(tài)的結構與時態(tài)時態(tài)時態(tài)助動詞助動詞be過去分詞過去分詞1、一般現(xiàn)在時、一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/areplayed2、一般過去時、一般過去時was/wereplayed3、現(xiàn)在進行時、現(xiàn)在進行時am/

4、is/arebeingplayed4、過去進行時、過去進行時was/werebeingplayed5、現(xiàn)在完成時、現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasbeenplayed6、過去完成時、過去完成時had/beenplayed7、一般將來時、一般將來時will/shallbeam/is/aregoingtobeplayed8、過去將來時、過去將來時would/shouldbewas/weregoingtobeplayed9、情態(tài)動詞、情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+beplayed67be + 過去分詞過去分詞( (二二) )被動語態(tài)的基本結構被動語態(tài)的基本結構: :有各種時態(tài)的變化有各種時態(tài)的變化81.1.規(guī)

5、則動詞的過去分詞：規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：1)1)一般情況在動詞原形后一般情況在動詞原形后加加-ed-edwatch-watched2)2)以不發(fā)音以不發(fā)音e e結尾的加結尾的加-d-dpractice-practiced3)3)以輔音加以輔音加y y結尾的，去結尾的，去y y變變i i加加-ed-edstudy-studied4)4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-ed-edstop-stopped2.2.不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：amisarewaswerebeenhavehashad

6、dodonewritewrittengogone動詞過去分詞的變化動詞過去分詞的變化:91.NowEnglish_bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword.A.speaksB.isspokenC.wasspoken一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：主語主語+am/is/are+PP102.Thelostboy_atthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：主語主語+was/were+PP113.Moreman-madesatellites_i

7、nthefuture.A.willsendupB.willbesentupC.aresentup一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：主語主語+will+be+PP主語主語+ +begoingto+be+PP124.Threebridges_sincelastyear.A.havebuiltB.werebuiltC.havebeenbuilt現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：主語主語+have/has+been+PP135.Flowers_everyday.A.hasbeenwateredB.shouldbewateredC.shouldwater含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：含有情

8、態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+be+PP14( (四四) )主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài): : (1)(1)把把來的來的提到前面作被動語態(tài)的提到前面作被動語態(tài)的(2)(2)把謂語動詞變成被動結構把謂語動詞變成被動結構(be(be過去分詞過去分詞) () (根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定bebe的形式的形式) )。 (3)(3)把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞byby之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。如：之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。如： They ma

9、ke the bikes in the factory. . The bikesin the factory.are madethemby15主變被步驟主變被步驟: :1.找賓語找賓語: 即動作的承受者即動作的承受者(改為主語改為主語)He washed his car yesterday. His car3. 判斷新主語的單復數(shù)判斷新主語的單復數(shù):確定確定be動詞的單復數(shù)動詞的單復數(shù). be4. 判斷動詞的時態(tài)判斷動詞的時態(tài) : 即即be動詞的時態(tài)動詞的時態(tài).2. 修改謂語的語態(tài)修改謂語的語態(tài):即即be+原原V.過去分詞過去分詞 washed5. 修改原句的主語修改原句的主語 :即即by +

10、主語主語(變賓格變賓格). (by him) yesterday.iswas was161.Tom broke the window. The window 2.She broke the windows. The windows 3.He cleans the classroom everyday. The classroom was brokenby Tom.were brokenby her.is cleanedby himbe動詞的單復數(shù)變化動詞的單復數(shù)變化:everyday.17 1. They will finish the work in ten days.The workin

11、ten days.will be finished(by them)181. Amy can take good care of the cat The catcan be taken good care ofby Amy. 19( (四四) )被動語態(tài)的特殊情況被動語態(tài)的特殊情況: :1.在主動語態(tài)中在主動語態(tài)中, ,make, let, hear, see, watch, notice等詞等詞,其后跟省略其后跟省略to的動詞不定式的動詞不定式(動詞原形動詞原形),在變?yōu)樵谧優(yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時被動語態(tài)時,必須還原動詞不定式符號必須還原動詞不定式符號to.如如: 1) We heard him si

12、ng this song in the room. He was heard to sing this song in the room.2) The boss made him work 14 hours a day. He was made to work 14 hours a day. 3) I see him walk to school. He is seen to walk to school. 20A traffic accident _(happen) just now.happened2. 連系動詞（連系動詞（Link.v.) 如：如：be, look, seem, feel

13、, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, becomePeking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.sounds3. 當此動詞表示事物的自然屬性的時候當此動詞表示事物的自然屬性的時候:The pen _ (write) very fast.writesThis kind of sweater _ (sell) well. sells1. 不及物動詞（不及物動詞（vi.) 如如:happen, take place, appear, disappear, 不用被動語態(tài)的動詞：不用被動語態(tài)的動詞：21表示主語的自然屬性特征表示主語的自然屬性特征well

14、/ badly/easily/smoothly),常見動詞：常見動詞：read, write, sell, wash, clean, wear, lock, open, cook, shut, dry, eat, drink, The books _ well A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed22【2011北京】北京】1. Many accidents_ by carel

15、ess drivers last year.A. are caused B. were causedC. have caused D. will cause【2011上?！可虾！?. An official _ by some reporters on food problems in Shanghai yesterday.A. is interviewing B. is interviewed C. was interviewing D. was interviewed【2011天津】天津】3. Today a lot of information can _ online. A. rece

16、ive B. be received C. is received D. receiving【2011重慶】重慶】4. Im glad to find that many trees_ in our city last year.A. plant B. planted C. were planted D. are planted23【2011陜西】陜西】5. Driving after drinking wine in China. A. allows B. doesnt allow C. is allowed D. isnt allowed【2011安徽】安徽】6. Dont worry.

17、Your package here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here. A. will keep B. has kept C. will be kept D. has been kept【2011山東】山東】7. Its true that Shakespeares play _ by so many people every year.A. see B. will see C. are seeing D. are seen24六、六、Exercises1、Jay sings many famous songs.(被動語態(tài)） Many fa

18、mous songs Jay. 2、Her mother gave her a new pen.(同義句） A new pen her by her mother.3、If he (give) one more minute, he (finish) the exam yesterday. 4、The student is made (stand) there for half an hour. 5、He wont go to bed until his homework (finish).6、The heated ice cream scoops (invent) by a man (cal

19、l) Lanmon. 7、Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. (被動） A stranger walk into the building. are sung by was given to were given would finish to stand is finished were invented called was seen to25Correcting mistakeCorrect the mistake(s) in each sentence if any:1)Two boys hurt while playing a

20、 ball2)The singer lived in London until he was sending to university3)How long do you think the meeting will be lasted?was sentwill lastwere hurt264)Class is begun at 7:30 every day5)His plan is sounded goodbeginssounds1.樹要在春天種樹要在春天種;2.樹坑要挖得夠大樹坑要挖得夠大,但不要太深但不要太深;3.把樹放進坑里把樹放進坑里,扶直扶直;4.把泥推回坑里把泥推回坑里,用腳踩實用腳踩實;5.在旁邊插一根堅實的長棍子在旁邊插一根堅實的長棍子,并且保證棍子插直了并且保證棍子插直了;6.用繩子（用繩子（rope）把棍子和樹綁起來）把棍子和樹綁起來7.澆好水澆好水.根據(jù)提示寫一篇以根據(jù)提示寫一篇以How