船舶電氣設備及電纜接地工藝

1、浙江造船有限公司工藝標準版 本 號AZJ1E-003-2010修 改 次 第00電氣設備及電纜接地工藝總 頁 數(shù) 14電氣設備及電纜接地工藝生效日期： 編制日期校對日期審核日期批準日期ZJ1E003-2010版 本 號A電氣設備及電纜接地工藝總 頁 數(shù) 14目錄1范圍31. scope32術語和定義32. Terms and definitions32.1 接地種類（按功能分為三種）32.1 variety of earthing（three kind dispart by function）32.2 專用接地導體42.2 appropriative earthing conductor42.

2、3 電氣連續(xù)性42.3 electric continuity43接地施工前的準備工作43. Prepare work before earthing construction44接地施工人員44 .Earthing worker45接地基本要求45 .Basic requirement of earthing46接地操作要領66 .Manipulation gist of earthing66.1 電氣設備接地66.1 Electric equipment earthing66.2 電纜接地106.2 The earthing of the cable107 檢驗137.INSPECTION

3、131范圍 1. scope 本規(guī)范規(guī)定了一般鋼質船舶電氣設備和電纜的接地工藝的術語和定義、施工前的準備工作、接地施工人員、接地工藝基本要求、接地操作要領和檢驗等。This rule regulate commonly steel vessel electric equipment and cable earthing technologic lang. and definition, prepare for construction, earthing builder, earthing technologic basic requirement, earthing manipulation

4、 gist and inspection.本規(guī)范適用于本規(guī)定生效后上合攏的船舶電氣設備、電纜的接地作業(yè)，不包括具有特殊要求的導航、內(nèi)通設備接地工作。This rule applies to the vessel that closed after this rule entered into force, it regulates electric equipment& cable earthing, except navigation and internal communication equipment earthing that have special demand.本通用工

5、藝與某船型的專用工藝矛盾，以專用工藝為準。與別的通用工藝矛盾的，以生效晚的為準。If this general workmanship contradictions with one vessels dedicated workmanship, the special workmanship is more powerful. If it contradictions with other general workmanship, the one go into effect later is more powerful.2術語和定義2. Terms and definitions2.1 接地

6、種類（按功能分為三種）2.1 variety of earthing（three kind dispart by function）2.1.1保護接地2.1.1 protective earthing將電氣設備的金屬外殼與船體的連接，消除由于漏電或感應造成外殼帶電，保護人體安全。Steel shell of electric equipment connect with hull, in order to protect person from creepage or current of inductance.2.1.2工作接地2.1.2 work earthing為了電路或設備達到運行要求

7、，利用船體作導電回路的接地。Vessel hull is used as loop in order to make circuit and equipment arrive at run demand.2.1.3屏蔽接地2.1.3 screening earthing避免高頻設備使用時產(chǎn)生的高頻信號相互干擾，將電纜屏蔽層或電氣設備的金屬外殼與船體連接的接地。Cable screening layer or electric equipment steel shell connect with vessel hull to earthing, in order to aviod high fr

8、equency signal disturb together when high frequency equipment work.2.2 專用接地導體2.2 appropriative earthing conductor由純銅或其它抗腐蝕金屬制成，專門用于接地的導體。Conductor used to earthing made of pure cuprum or anticorrosion metal.2.3 電氣連續(xù)性2.3 electric continuity指非帶電金屬部件之間使其保持等電位的電氣連接。Each non-eletricity metal part connect

9、 each other in order to Keep equipotential.3接地施工前的準備工作3. Prepare work before earthing construction3.1 熟悉區(qū)域電纜托盤表，上船檢查電氣設備和電纜的接地柱、接地板是否完好，不足的部分要補齊。3.1 familiar with area cable palletizing list. Take boat and inspect electric equipment, earthing post, earth-plate good or not, repair it if deficient.3.2

10、 配齊各類接地導線、錫箔襯墊、緊固螺栓等材料。3.2 Prepare earthing cable, stannum foil interleaver, bolt and so on.4接地施工人員4 .Earthing worker 接地施工人員上崗前應進行船舶電氣設備、電源接地工藝知識和安全生產(chǎn)知識的應知應會培訓。 Earthing worker if want get job should study knowledge of vessel electric equipment , electrical source earthing technics and safely produc

11、tion. 5接地基本要求5 .Basic requirement of earthing5.1 除防爆外，工作電壓超過380V的電氣設備、電纜均應予以保護接地,電氣設備及電纜的接地系統(tǒng)見圖一。具有雙重絕緣認證的電纜接地參照6.2.1 。5.1 All electric equipment and cable that work voltage more than 380V except explosion proof all should protective earthing. Electric equipment and cable earthing system see picture

12、 1. cable that have double insulation authentication it earthing refer to 6.2.1.5.2 電壓低于380V的，接地形式可以相對簡化，允許每個設備不直接接地，而是接地樁連接起來，最終某個設備接地。如220V燈不必每個燈都外殼直接接地，可以通過電源線接地芯，把每個燈接地樁一個一個連起來，最后接到分電箱接地樁上，分電箱再外殼接地。5.2 If voltage less than 380V, earthing mode could predigest. It permit not ever equipment directl

13、y earth, but all earthing bar connect each other, only one of equipments earthing. For instance 220V light need not ever shell of light directly earth, but use earthing core of power wire connect all lights earthing bar and connect with earthing bar of electricity distribution box , at last shell of

14、 distribution box to earthing.5.3 防爆區(qū)域無論電纜的電壓如何，都必須每個設備不直接接地，而是接地樁連接起來，最終到安全區(qū)域某個設備接地。5.3 ever equipment in explosion proof area can not directly earth, but all earthing stake connection and throught equipment of safely area earthing. 5.4 除了總線電纜需要在接線樁前端再剝皮以外，其他信號電纜不論電壓等級如何其屏蔽層接需要地。5.4 Except bus cabl

15、e decortication at time of connect with connection stake, the other single cable without reference to voltage screening must earthing.5.5 不論是專用接地導體或靠設備底座（或支架）接地，其接觸面均應光潔平貼，襯錫箔,保證有良好的接觸，并應有防止松動和生銹的措施。5.5 No matter special earthing conductor or equipment base(or bear frame) earth, its interface should

16、 smooth to ensure liner stannum foil connect good and should have measure avoid looseness and rust. 5.6 安裝在鋁質輕圍壁上的設備、電纜接地應接到船體的鋼質部分。5.6 Equipment or cable that installed on aluminum wall earthing should connect with steel part of vessel.6接地操作要領6 .Manipulation gist of earthing6.1 電氣設備接地6.1 Electric e

17、quipment earthing6.1.1 電氣設備的保護接地及工作接地，應接到船體永久結構或與船體相焊接的基座或支架上。6.1.1 Protective earthing of electric equipment should connect with permanent structure of vessel or base（or clamp）welding with vessel hull.6.1.2 電氣設備的工作接地位置的選擇應便于觀察、檢修、維護。接地點應不易受到機械損傷和油水浸漬。6.1.2 Place where electric equipment choose to w

18、ork earthing should convenient for see, repair and maintenance, also it should far from mechine damnification and grease dipping.6.1.3 工作接地不能與保護接地共用接地導體和螺栓，且不得將設備的緊固螺栓作為工作接地的接地螺栓。6.1.3 Earthing conductor and bolt can not together used for work earthing and protect earthing, also securing bolts of eq

19、uipment can not used for earth bolt.6.1.4 電氣設備的保護接地一般應設有專用接地導體，也可選用電纜中的連續(xù)接地導體或單獨固定的專用接地導體。6.1.4 Protective earthing of electric equipment should set up special earthing conductor, also chould choose continual earthing conductor in cable or single fixed earthing conductor.6.1.5 電氣設備的保護接地及工作接地的接地柱的螺紋直

20、徑應大到能夠壓緊接地線。專用接地接線柱或接地板的導電能力，至少應相當于專用接地導體的能力，且有足夠的機械強度。6.1.5 Whorl diameter of electric equipment protective earthing and work earthing must big enough to compress tightly earthing wire. conductivity of earthing bar or earth-plate should not less than special earthing conductor, and earthing bar or

21、earth plate should have enough machine strength.6.1.6 當電氣設備直接緊固在船體金屬結構有可靠電氣連接的基座（或支架）上時，可不另設置專用接地導體接地。6.1.6 It could not set up another special earthing conductor if electric equipment directly tightness on vessels metel structure and have good electric connective each other.6.1.7 固定安裝的電氣設備保護接地專用接地導

22、體的選擇6.1.7 Choose special earthing conductor that used to fixed install electrical equipment protective earthing6.1.7.1 導體材料應用表面鍍錫的紫銅或導電良好的耐蝕金屬制成。6.1.7.1 Conductor material made of surface tinned Purple copper or high conductivity and anticorrosive metal.6.1.7.2 專用接地導體一般應采用帶黃綠色絕緣護套的多股軟線，并在兩端設有冷壓接頭。6.

23、1.7.2 Special earthing conductor generally made by several soft line cover with insulated jacket with Kelly colour, and the ever ends have cold press joint.6.1.7.3 專用接地導體應盡量短。如其較長時，應加以固定。6.1.7.3 Special earthing conductor should more important short, if too long need tightness.6.1.7.4 專用接地導體的標稱截面積不應

24、小于相關工作導體截面積的一半。6.1.7.4 Nominal sectional area of special conductor can not less than half of relevant work cable area.6.1.8 可移動和可攜帶的設備的不帶電的裸露金屬部分，應與設在軟電纜或軟電線中的連續(xù)接地導體相連接，并通過插頭和插座接地。6.1.8 The exposed metallic part of the removable and the carriable equipments should be connected to the continuous eart

25、hing conductor which lies on the soft cable or the soft electrical wire, and ground from plugs and sockets.6.1.9. 利用船體作回路的工作接地的接地導體，其截面積應與船體絕緣的一極（或相）的導線截面積相同。不得使用裸線作為接地導體。6.1.9 The earthing conductor of the working earthing which using the hull as the loop, the section area should be equal to the ca

26、bles section area which lie on the hulls insulative pole. We cant use the exposed wire as the earthing conductor.6.1.10 電氣設備采用底腳接地要求6.1.10 The requirements of earthing by the leg of electrical equipments.6.1.10.1 應在設備底腳與支架(或基座)之間墊以厚度不小于0.5mm、大小等于接觸面積的錫箔或鍍錫銅片。6.1.10.1 We should underlay a stannum foi

27、l or tinning sheet copper which the thickness is not less than 0.5mm and the size is equal to the contact area between the equipments bottom feet and the bracket.6.1.10.2 采用設備底腳接地時可任選一腳接地。6.1.10.2 Using equipments feet as the earthing, choose any one of the feet. 6.1.10.3 接地裝置的緊固應牢靠，均應設有彈簧墊圈或鎖緊螺母，以防

28、松動。6.1.10.3 The strain of the earthing device should be firm, and must have spring gasket or locknut to defend looseness.6.1.11 電氣設備接地形式6.1.11 The forms of the electrical equipments earthing.6.1.11.1 電氣設備底腳接地:電氣設備借助安裝底座金屬接觸接地，見圖2。6.1.11.1 The earthing of the electrical equipments bottom feet: the el

29、ectrical equipments are grounded by dint of the installation of the bottom metal, see picture 2. 圖2 電氣設備底腳接地6.1.11.2 專用接地導體接地，設有接地板或接線柱，見圖3。6.1.11.2 The earthing by the special earthing conductor which have earthing plate or earthing bar, see picture 3. 圖3 專用接地導體接地6.1.11.3 電氣設備裝在非導電材料上的接地，見圖4。6.1.11

30、.3 The earthing of the electrical equipments which are installed in the un-electric material, see picture 4. 圖4 電氣設備裝在非導電材料上的接地 6.1.11.4 電氣設備裝在木墊上的接地，見圖5。6.1.11.4 The earthing of the electrical equipments which are installed in the wooden mat, see picture 5. 圖5 電氣設備裝在木墊上的接地6.2 電纜接地6.2 The earth

31、ing of the cable6.2.1 工作電壓不超過50V或具雙重絕緣的電纜外，其它電纜均應于兩端可靠接地，但最后分支電纜允許僅在電源端可靠接地。6.2.1 Besides the cable which its voltage is not exceed 50V or which have double earthing , the other cable should be grounded reliably, but the last embranchment cable is allowed to be grounded in the power supply end.

32、6.2.2 對于控制和儀表設備的電纜，由于技術上的原因，若一端接地較為有利時，則無需兩端接地。6.2.2 For the cable of the control equipments and the instruments, as a result of the reason of the technology, there is no need to make earthing of the two ends if making earthing of one end is advantageous.6.2.3 應保證電纜的金屬護套或金屬外護套層在全長上，特別是在連接處和分支處保證電氣上的

33、連續(xù)性。6.2.3 We must ensure the continuity of the cables metallic jacket or the metallic outer jacket layer in the whole length especially in the joints and the embranchments.6.2.5 電纜的金屬護套或金屬外護套層的接地形式6.2.5 The forms of the earthing which is used for the metallic jacket and the metallic outer jacket lay

34、er.6.2.5.1 用專用接地填料函接地，見圖6。6.2.5.1 Using the appropriative stuffing box as the earthing, see picture 6.圖6 用專用接地填料函接地6.2.5.2 用電纜金屬編織護套編成辮子接地，見圖7。6.2.5.2 Using metallic pleaching jacket organizing pigtail as the earthing, see picture 7.圖7 用電纜金屬編織護套編成辮子接地 6.2.5.3 電纜末端部(進設備)的接地6.2.5.3 Earthing of th

35、e cables ends (enter the equipments).a)控制（啟動）箱電纜用電纜金屬編織護套編成辮子接地，見圖8。a) using metallic pleaching jacket organizing pigtail as the earthing of the control (start) boxs cable. See picture 8. 圖8 控制（啟動）箱電纜用電纜金屬編織護套編成辮子接地b)控制（啟動）箱電纜用金屬夾箍接地，見圖9。 b) Control (start) boxs cable use metallic nip-hoop as the earthing, see picture 9.圖9 控制（啟動）箱電纜用金屬夾箍接地c)配電控制柜的電纜接地，見圖10。c) Switch control box cable earthing, see in picture 10. 圖10 配電控制柜設備的電纜接地 a,b,c三種情況如果控制箱接地柱在箱子內(nèi)部，則電纜進入內(nèi)部再把編織護套接剝出來，接入箱子內(nèi)部接地柱。如果箱子滿足5.2要求，箱子可以不直接接到基座接地柱，而是通過接地線與其他箱子外殼連起來，由其他箱子外殼接地。In