（整理版高中英語(yǔ)）全國(guó)高考英語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)選擇題解析動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)專(zhuān)題

1、全國(guó)高考英語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)選擇題解析 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)專(zhuān)題1.(全國(guó)卷,23) planing so far ahead no senseso many things will have changed by next year.a.made b.is making c.makes d.has made答案 c解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“方案這么超前毫無(wú)意義到明年許多事情會(huì)發(fā)生變化的。前句表示現(xiàn)在的情況make no sense，后句表示到將來(lái)會(huì)產(chǎn)生的后果will have changed。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示主語(yǔ)的特征或狀態(tài)。is making和has made表示具體的動(dòng)作過(guò)程，故不選。因此選c。2.(

2、全國(guó)卷,24) i wasnt sure if he was really interested or if he polite.a.was just being b.will just be c.had just been d.would just be 答案 a解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“我不能確信他是真正感興趣呢還是僅僅為了表示禮貌。句前wasnt sure說(shuō)明說(shuō)話的起點(diǎn)是過(guò)去時(shí)，was really interested和was just being polite都是相一致的過(guò)去時(shí)。應(yīng)選a。3.(全國(guó)卷,29) when alice came to, she did not know

3、 how long she there.a.had been lying b.has been lying c.was lying d.has lain答案 a解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“當(dāng)alice蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)時(shí)，她不知道她在那兒躺了多久了。過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示持續(xù)到過(guò)去某時(shí)之前的動(dòng)作。came to蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)是過(guò)去時(shí)，蘇醒前的情況是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的過(guò)去里發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)選a。4.(全國(guó)卷ii,9) if you don't like the drink you_just leave it and try a different one. a. ordered b. are orde

4、ring c. will order d. had ordered答案 a解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“如果你不喜歡你所點(diǎn)的飲料，就把它放那兒，試試另一種。don't like the drink是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，點(diǎn)飲料是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，因此，用過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，應(yīng)選a。5.卷,21experiments of this kind in both the u.s. and europe well before the second world war.a. have conducted b. have been conducted c. had conducted d. had been con

5、ducted答案 d解析： 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，句意為“就在二戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)前，美國(guó)和歐洲都進(jìn)行過(guò)這種實(shí)驗(yàn)。首先考慮語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)experiment與conduct構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，謂語(yǔ)使用被動(dòng)形式。題干中出現(xiàn)the second war是過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，before the second war是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，因此使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。選d。6.卷,23tom in the library every night over the last three months.a. works b. worked c. has been working d. had been working答案 c解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意

6、為“在過(guò)去的三個(gè)月里，tom每天晚上都在圖書(shū)館里學(xué)習(xí)。題干中出現(xiàn)的over the last three months，是明顯提示用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。應(yīng)選c。7.卷,27that must have been a long trip.yeah, it us a whole week to get there.a. takes b. has taken c. took d. was taking答案 c解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“那一定是長(zhǎng)途旅行。是的，我們花了整整一周時(shí)間才趕到那兒。題干中must have done是對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定推測(cè)，提示時(shí)間在過(guò)去，描述過(guò)去的情況，排除a和b，d

7、項(xiàng)was taking進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表將來(lái)，但事實(shí)上事情已發(fā)生，這與題意不符，因此選c。8.卷,32bob has gone to california.oh, can you tell me when he ?a. has left b. left c. is leaving d. would leave答案b解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“bob已經(jīng)去了加利福尼亞。噢，你能告訴我他什么時(shí)候離開(kāi)的？bob has gone to california，去的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)，說(shuō)明他離開(kāi)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，因此使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。選b。9.卷,3in the last few years thousands o

8、f films all over the world.a.have produced b. have been produced c. are producing d. are being produced答案 b解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“在過(guò)去的幾年時(shí)間里，全世界制作了成千上萬(wàn)部電影。in the last few years在過(guò)去的幾年時(shí)間里，其實(shí)是從過(guò)去算到現(xiàn)在，是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志。選b。10.卷,4on her next birthday, ann married for twenty years.a.is b.has been c.will be d.will have b

9、een答案 d解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“等到下次生日的時(shí)候，ann結(jié)婚有二十年了。her next birthday是將來(lái)的時(shí)間，for twenty years是個(gè)時(shí)間段。將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示持續(xù)到將來(lái)某時(shí)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，應(yīng)選d。11.春招,29im sure you will do better in the test because you _ so hard this year. a. studiedb. had studiedc. will studyd. have been studying答案 d解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“我確信你將在這次考試中取得更好的成績(jī)，因?yàn)檫@一年里你一直用

10、功學(xué)習(xí)。前半句im sure you will do better交代了時(shí)間起點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在。because引起的狀語(yǔ)從句不能用將來(lái)時(shí)，只能用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。this year今年，是個(gè)時(shí)間段。d項(xiàng) have been studying表示一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。選d。12.春招,32a lot of people often forget that oral exams _ to test our communicative ability. a. designb. are designedc. are designingd. are being designed答案 b解析：考查動(dòng)詞的

11、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“很多人經(jīng)常忘記設(shè)計(jì)口語(yǔ)測(cè)試是用來(lái)檢測(cè)我們的交際能力的。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí)，常與often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。oral exams與design的關(guān)系存在著被動(dòng)，應(yīng)選b。13.(卷,31) when i got on the bus, i_i had left my wallet at home.a. was realizingb. realizedc. have realizedd. would realize答案 b解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“當(dāng)我上了車(chē)后，我才意識(shí)到我把錢(qián)包落在家里

12、了。i had left my wallet at home發(fā)生在realized之前，前一句when i got on the bus給出的時(shí)間起點(diǎn)是過(guò)去時(shí)，應(yīng)選b。14.(卷,35) she was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _ everything!a. had been eating b. had eaten c. have eaten d. have been eating答案 b解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“她驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)冰箱里空空如也；她的孩子把里面的東西全吃光了！“吃光這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“發(fā)現(xiàn)之前，前一句交代了過(guò)去時(shí)間

13、，因此選擇過(guò)去的過(guò)去。應(yīng)選b。15.卷,21i hear you _ in a pub. whats it like?well, its very hard work and im always tired, but i dont mind.a.are workingb.will work c.were working d.will be working答案 a解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你在酒吧里上班，這份工作怎么樣？咳，這是份辛苦活，老感到累，不過(guò)我不介意。對(duì)話所用的現(xiàn)在時(shí)說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在還在酒吧里上班，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)描述現(xiàn)階段長(zhǎng)期重復(fù)的一個(gè)動(dòng)作。應(yīng)選a。16.卷,23tommy is pl

14、anning to buy a car.i know. by next month, he_enough for a used one.a. saves b .savedc.will save d. will have saved答案 d解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“tommy將方案買(mǎi)車(chē)。我知道，到下個(gè)月為止，他積攢的錢(qián)足夠買(mǎi)一輛舊車(chē)了。by next month是將來(lái)完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志，全句表示在將來(lái)next month之前完成“積攢足夠錢(qián)的動(dòng)作，對(duì)將來(lái)的時(shí)間next month產(chǎn)生影響，能買(mǎi)一輛舊車(chē)。應(yīng)選d。17.卷,32last month, the japanese government e

15、xpressed their thanks for the aid they from china.a.receive b.are receiving c.have received d.had received答案 d解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“上個(gè)月，日本政府對(duì)來(lái)自于中國(guó)的援助表示了感謝。expressed是過(guò)去時(shí)，接受中國(guó)的援助發(fā)生在expressed之前，是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。選d。18.卷, 32i didnt ask for the name list. why _on my desk? i put it there just now in case you needed

16、 it.a. does it landb. has it landed c. will it landd. had it landed答案 b解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“我并沒(méi)有要這份名單。為什么我的桌子上放著這東西？這是我剛剛放的，以備你需要。i didnt ask for和i put it there just now都表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，很有迷惑性，但why has it landed on my desk？是到說(shuō)話時(shí)為止的情況，名單在桌面上?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)選b。19. (卷,15) the manager was worried about the pre

17、ss conference his assistant_in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly.a. gave b. gives c. was giving d. had given答案 c解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“經(jīng)理?yè)?dān)憂著他的助手代替他所舉辦的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)。幸運(yùn)的是，一切進(jìn)展順利。was worried about和everything was going on smoothly都是過(guò)去時(shí)，排除b選項(xiàng)。經(jīng)理?yè)?dān)憂的時(shí)候正是助手舉辦新聞發(fā)布會(huì)之時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，排除表示過(guò)去完成時(shí)的d選項(xiàng)。

18、a選項(xiàng)gave表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)，這與后面everything was going on smoothly不符，因?yàn)槭虑檫€在進(jìn)展中，應(yīng)選c。20.卷,9all visitors to this village _ with kindness.a. treat b. are treated c. are treating d. had been treated 答案 b解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意為“所有到這個(gè)村子的來(lái)訪者都會(huì)受到善意的接待。表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。來(lái)訪者與招待存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系。由于沒(méi)有交代過(guò)去時(shí)間，had been treated過(guò)去的過(guò)去不能用。因此選b。

19、21.卷,19what a mistake!yes. i his doing it another way, but without success.a.was suggesting b.will suggest c.would suggest d.had suggested答案 d解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“多么嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤呀！是的，我曾經(jīng)建議他換個(gè)方法做，但他沒(méi)聽(tīng)。他犯錯(cuò)誤發(fā)生在過(guò)去，我提建議發(fā)生在他犯錯(cuò)誤之前，是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。這里不是再現(xiàn)當(dāng)時(shí)提建議的情景，故不用was suggesting。選d。22.卷,21that piece of music sounds quite

20、 familiar. who _the piano upstairs?a. has played b. played c. plays d. is playing答案 d解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“那首樂(lè)曲聽(tīng)起來(lái)相當(dāng)熟悉。是誰(shuí)在樓上彈鋼琴？在聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中才發(fā)出誰(shuí)在彈鋼琴的疑問(wèn)，sound用的是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，交代的時(shí)間是現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)選d。23.卷,31look at the pride on toms face. he to have been praised by the manager just now.a.seemed c.had seemed d.is seeming答案 b解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。

21、句意為“看tom臉上驕傲的表情，他似乎剛剛受到了經(jīng)理的表?yè)P(yáng)。look at祈使句交代了時(shí)間是現(xiàn)在，seem表心理判斷，沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，應(yīng)選b。24.卷,12his first novel good reviews since it came out last month. a.receives b.is receiving c.will receive d.has received答案 d解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“他的第一本小說(shuō)自上個(gè)月出版以來(lái)受到了好評(píng)。since自從以來(lái)，引導(dǎo)含有過(guò)去時(shí)的從句時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。應(yīng)選d。25.湖南卷,22john, what _in your hand?

22、 look! its a birthday gift for my grandma.a had you held b are you holding c do you hold d will you hold 答案 b解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“john，你手里拿的是什么？看，這是給我奶奶的生日禮物。兩人對(duì)話以現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為參考點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)在(說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)) 對(duì)方hold這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。選b。26.湖南卷,27 in 1492, columbus_ on one of the bahama islands, but he mistook it for an island off in

23、dia.a. lands b. landed c. has landed d.had landed 答案 b解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“在1492年，哥倫布登上了巴哈馬群島，但他誤以為是印度的島嶼。in 1492是過(guò)去時(shí)的標(biāo)志，后面表達(dá)的是在這一年里發(fā)生的事情。題目沒(méi)有明確說(shuō)明“登陸是發(fā)生在“誤解之前的動(dòng)作，因此，這兩個(gè)行為都統(tǒng)一在1492年里，排除d，應(yīng)選b。27.湖南卷,30it is the most instructive lecture that i _ since i came to this school.a. attended b. had attended c. am attending d. have attended 答案 d解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“自從我到這個(gè)以來(lái)，這是我所聽(tīng)到的最有教育意義的演講。since自從以來(lái)，引導(dǎo)過(guò)去時(shí)的從句時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。選d。28.湖南卷,34in the near future, more advances in the robot technology _ by scentists.a. are making b. are made c. will ma