[八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)]輕巧奪冠金版復(fù)習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)Unit3直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)及鞏固練習(xí)

1、直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)引述別人的話時(shí)，一般采用兩種方式：一是 引用別人的原話，把它放在引號(hào)內(nèi), 稱為直接引語(yǔ)；二是用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的話不放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，稱為間接引語(yǔ) 間接引語(yǔ)在大多數(shù)情況下是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從語(yǔ)。John said, "I'm going to London with my father."約翰說(shuō)：“我要和父親到倫敦去。"（引號(hào)內(nèi)是直接引語(yǔ)）John said that he was going to London with his father.約翰說(shuō)，他要和他父親去倫敦。（賓語(yǔ)從句是間接引語(yǔ)）直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：人稱變化、

2、時(shí)態(tài)變化、賓語(yǔ)從句要 用陳述句語(yǔ)序。、如何變?nèi)朔Q:將直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)。人稱變化有下面有一句順口溜：隨主。二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”。"隨主”是指在直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果從句中的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語(yǔ)的人稱變化如：She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "fShe said her brother wanted to go witf隨賓”是指直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，若從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第二人稱?；虮坏诙四闼揎?。從句中的人稱要跟引號(hào)外的主句的賓語(yǔ)一致。如果引號(hào)外的主句沒有賓

3、語(yǔ)。也可以用第一人稱，如：He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"一 He asked Kate how her si ster was then第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)。如果從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如：Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker, " fMr Smith said Jack was a good worker二、如何變時(shí)態(tài)：直接引語(yǔ)在改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)、時(shí)態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。在直接引語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)在間接引語(yǔ)

4、應(yīng)變成的時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)1)She said. "I have lost a pen."一She said she had lost a pen2)She said. "We hope so." 一She said they hoped so.3) She said. "He will go to see his friend " 一She said he would go to see his frien d但要注意在以下幾種

5、情況下。在直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)一般不變化 。直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理。1. "The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me.2. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth直接引語(yǔ)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you i

6、n the street?"-Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the stre。 et直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的過(guò)去更年、莫月、莫日作狀語(yǔ)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。"-Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)由現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，變間接引語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。 如：He said, "I get up at six

7、 every morning " -He said he gets up at six every morning如果直接引語(yǔ)中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有過(guò)去時(shí)的形式(例： ought to, hadbetter, used to)和已經(jīng)是過(guò)去時(shí)的形式時(shí)，(例：could, should, would,might )不再變。 如：1. Peter said. "You had better come have toda y" -Peter said I had better go there that day2. The teacher said to me "Yo

8、u must pay more attention to your pronunciation."一The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.3. He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."-He said that he could swim when he was only six.如果直接引語(yǔ)中含有 since, when, while 引導(dǎo)的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)從句，在變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，只改

9、變主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，從句的一般過(guò)去時(shí)則不變。如：He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ." He told me that he had taught English since he came here.三、如何變知識(shí)代詞、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)及動(dòng)詞:直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由現(xiàn)在”改為 原來(lái)點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代詞修飾的狀語(yǔ)，由此"改為 彼”。如：”；地直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)指示代詞thisthatthesethose時(shí)nowthen問(wèn)todaythat

10、 day狀tonightthat night語(yǔ)this(week, term, year)that (week, term, year)yesterdaythe day beforelast week (term, year )the week (term, year )two weeks (term, year )agoo weeks (term, year )befciretomorrowthe next (following) daynext week (term, year)the next week (term, year地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)herethere動(dòng)詞comegobringtakeH

11、e said, "These books are mine.He said those books were his.四、如何變句型:直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."-She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.直接引語(yǔ) 是一般疑問(wèn)句或反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句.如:1. He said, "Can you swim, John?

12、" - He asked John if he could swim.2. "You have finished the homework, haven ' t you?" my mother asked. My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.直接引語(yǔ)是選擇疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由whether.or弓I導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。3He asked me；Do you go to school by bus or by bike?"-He asked me if I went to

13、school by bus or by bike.直接引語(yǔ)如果是特殊問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)該改為由疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句(賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序) 。She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"-She asked me when they had their dinner.直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使句， 間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為 "tell(ask, order 等 ) sb (not)to do sth." 句型。如：1. "Don' t make any noise," she sa

14、id to the children.She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise.2. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.直接引語(yǔ)是感嘆句時(shí)間接引語(yǔ)為 what 或 how 引導(dǎo)， 也可以用 that引導(dǎo)。1. She said, "What a lovely day it is !"-She said what a lovely day it was 或.She

15、 said that it was a lovely day.直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)鞏固練習(xí)I 單項(xiàng)填空1. He said, "I am living with my brother."He said that was living with his brother.A. I B. you C. he D. they2. He said, "You are sure to get a warm welcome there."He said that we sure to get a warm welcome there.A. am B. was C. we

16、re D. are3. She says, "Something is wrong with my bike."She says that something is wrong with bike.A. myB. a C. hisD. her4. He has said, "I will not do so again."He has said that he not do so again.A. willB. must C. wouldD. do5. The teacher said, "My son had the same experie

17、nce as the little boy."The teacher said that his son had the same experience as the little boy.A. beenB. have C. hadD. done6. She said to me, "My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday."She told me that her mother had taken to an exhibition the day before.A. sheB. me C. herD. you7.

18、 You said to me, "I saw the film two days ago."You told me that you had seen the film A. two daysB. two days before C. two days agoD. yesterday8. He said to his younger sister, "You may come with me."He told his younger sister that with him.A. you may come B. you might come C. sh

19、e might come D. she might go9. The student said to me, "She has made a close study of the problem."The student told me that she a close study of the problem.A. has makeB. have made C. had makeD. had made10. He said, "I live here."He said that he lived.A. thereB. here C. in there

20、D. at theren、將下列句子改為間接引語(yǔ)11. The teacher said to his class, "Don't waste your time!"12. She said to her son, "Don't forget to turn off the light when you leave the room!"13 .His father said to him, "Think, before you do it!"14 .The teacher said to his students, &

21、quot;Tell briefly in your own words how penicillin was discovered.15 .The leader said to him, "Please write your report as short as possible.16 .He said to me, "Let me have a look at the book you bought."17 .He said, "I am proud of my motherland."18 .John said, "I wrote

22、 back telling him about it yesterday."19 .I said, "I will give her some advice tomorrow."20 ."You are wasting your time day-dreaming!" he said to Mary.21 ."You have already done your duty," he said to her.22 .Mary wrote in her letter, "Mr. Liu, when will you c

23、ome to America?23 ."Don't risk your lives, men!" the captain warned.24 ."I'll be very busy today," said the man.25 .She said, "We have worked on the school farm for two weeks."26.He said, "I'm reviewing my lessons."27.They said, "We arrived th

24、is morning."28.She said to me, "Have lunch with us."29 .The teacher asked, "Are you ready?"30 .Betty asked Mary, "Are you having your lunch now?"31 ."Be careful, and don't cut your finger," he said to me.32 .He said to the old woman, "Don't w

25、orry. I'll take you there.33 ."Did you go to the meeting yesterday?" she asked me.34 ."Will you please be quiet?" she said.35 .The man asked me, "How many times have you been here?"IV、將下列句子改成直接引語(yǔ)36 .I said that there was not any trouble, and I was waiting for my cha

26、nge.37 .They said that they wouldn't go by air only because they hadn't enough money.38 .The driver said that he hadn't seen the signal, so he hadn't stopped.39 .My brother told me that he was surely to be able to master English.40 .He said that he hadn't quite understood that se

27、ntence, and asked me if I could translate it into Chinese.41 .His father told Mike that he ought to work even harder.42 .He told his assistants that he would not give up the experiment.43 .I warned the children not to go swimming in the lake.44 .My mother said that I looked rather tired, and I'd better go and lie for a while.45 .Della asked Ji