2014高考英語閱讀理解沖刺滿分訓練17含解析

1、2014高考英語閱讀理解沖刺滿分訓練（17）閱讀理解Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight.A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the

2、 dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.However, it wasn t all sweetness and lig

3、ht. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while

4、 a dog doing the same signals submission.In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are lea rning how to talk each other s language. It isasurprisethatcats can learn how to talk dog , and dogs can learn how to talk Cat.What s interesting is that b

5、oth cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each other s body signals,suggestingthatthe two may have more in commonthan we previously suspected. Once familiar with each other s presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other

6、 nose to nose, and enjoy sl eeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom ( 梳理)each other.The significance of the research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets-to people who don t get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world super

7、powers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance. ()1. The underlined word swimmingly in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to .A. earlyB. sweetlyC. quicklyD. smoothly()2. Some cats and dogs may fight when.A. they are cold to each otherB. they look away from each othe

8、rC. they misunderstood each other s signals D. they are introduced at an early age()3. What is found surprising about cats and dogs?A. They eat and sleep each other.B. They observe each other s behaviors.C. They learn to speak each other s language.D. They know something from each other s voices.()4

9、. It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs. A. have common interestsB. are less different than was thoughtC. have a common body languageD. are less intelligent than was expected()5. What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?A. We should learn to live in harmony.B. We should know mor

10、e about animals.C. We should live in peace with animals.D. We should learn more body languages.這是一篇說明文，通過對貓狗和平相處的研究，讓我們知道，人類應該和諧相處。1. D 詞意猜測題。根據(jù) A recent research has found a new recipe of success.” 以及“Two-thirds of the homesinterviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog. ”不難

11、得出，此處應該是說貓和狗相處得很好，所以選 D,意為“流暢地，順利 地”。此題易錯選 B,因為第二段第一句話中sweet,但是“sweetness and light 意為其樂融融”。2. C 細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第二段“ One reason for this is probably that some of theirbody signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat tu rns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals subm

12、ission” 不難得出答案。3. C 細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第三段“They are learning how to talk each other s language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talkdog , and dogs can learn how totalk Cat.不難得出答案，此題易錯選B,因為理解錯了這句話researchers observeda surprising behavior. ”4. B細節(jié)理解題 此處的suggest意為暗示，根據(jù)第四段suggesting that the two may ha

13、ve more in common than we previously suspected. ” 可以得出答案。5. A主旨大意題根據(jù)全文尤其是最后一段不難得出答案閱讀理解課堂練學案(5)Passage Eleven (Superconducting Materials)The stone age, The Iron Age. Entire epochs have been named for materials. So whatto call the decades ahead? The choice will be tough. Welcome to the age of superst

14、uff. Material science - once the least sexy technology - is bursting with new, p ractical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics. But superconductors are just part of the picture: from house and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth, the world will someday be

15、 made of different stuff. Exotic plastics, glass and ceramics will shape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science.The key to the new materials is researchers increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level. Ceramics, for example, have long been li

16、mited by their brittleness. But by minimizing the microscopic imperfections that cause it, scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and heat resistance. Ford Motor Co. now uses ceramic tools to cut steel.A firm called Kyocera has created a line of cera

17、mic scissors and knives that stay sharp for years and never rust or corrode.A similar transformation has overtaken plastics. High-strength polymers now form bridges, ice-skating rinks and helicopter rotors. And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used in electric gu

18、itars, touch sensors forrobot hands and karate jackets that automatically record each punch and chop. Evenplastic litter, which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape, has proved amenable to molecular tinkering. Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms; some plastic six-pack rin

19、gs for example, gradually decompose when exposed to sunlight.Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass.Besides, composites plastic reinforced with fibers of graphite or other compounds - made the round-the-world flight of the voyager possible and haveeven been

20、provedin combat: a helmet s aved an infantryman s life by deflecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion.Someadvanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cable that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is

21、clearer than a standard window pane.But new materials have no impact until they are madeinto products. And that transition could prove difficult, for switching requires lengthy research and investment. It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the success or f

22、ailure of a country in the near future.1.How many new materials are mentioned in this passage?A TwoThreeC FourD Five2.Why does the author mention genetic engineering and computer science?A To compare them with the new materials.To show the significance of the new materials on the future world.C To c

23、ompare the new materials to them.D To explain his view point.3.Why is transition difficult?A Because transition requires money and time.Because many manufacturers are unwilling to change their equipment.C Because research on new materials is very difficult.DBecause it takes 10 years.4.Where lies suc

24、cess of a country in the New Age of superstuff?A It lies in research.It lies in investment.C It lies in innovation.D It lies in application.Vocabularyl.superstuff2.superconducting ceramic3.exotic4.shape5.brittleness6.polymer7 .karate jacket8 .touch sensor9 .each punch and chop10 .blot11.tinker12.ame

25、ndable13.biodegradable14.six-pack rings15.decompose16.recyclable17.infantryman18 .deflect19 .a new twist超級材料超導陶瓷神奇的塑造，成型脆性聚合體空手道外衣觸及傳感器每一個擊、打玷污，損害風景的東西修補，調(diào)整服從于，遵循的能生物遞減分解的放六個罐子的環(huán)狀物分解可循環(huán)（使用的）步兵使偏斜，使轉(zhuǎn)向一個新的觀點，方法難句譯注1 .Material science - once the least sexy technology - is bursting with new, practical d

26、iscoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics.【參考譯文】材料科學，一度曾是最無吸引力（最不起眼）的技術(shù)，正以嶄新的，以超導陶瓷為首的種種實用性發(fā)明綻開新顏。這種超導陶瓷可能會使電子技術(shù)徹底改變。-5 -1.50 me advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cables that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of

27、 glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.【參考譯文】有些高級材料是帶有新方法的老標準。最新全國電話的光纖電纜由玻璃制成。這種玻璃透明度極高，一片 100英里厚的玻璃比一塊標準的窗框玻璃還要清晰透明。寫作方法與文章大意這是一篇介紹“超導材料”的論說文，采用一般到具體的分類寫作手法。先指出未來時代的材料屬于超導，然后再提出三種超導材料，再逐一說明。答案詳解1.51 種超導材料。答案再第一段最后一句“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷”。下面各段具體講這三種材料。第二

28、段講陶瓷：“新材料之關(guān)鍵在于研究工作者不斷提高在分子水平上處理物質(zhì)的能力。舉陶瓷為例，由于它的脆性，長期來應用范圍有限。但是通過改善導致脆性的微小缺陷，科學家制造出一種保持原有硬度和抗熱性，但堅實得多的陶瓷”。第三段講塑料?！邦愃频霓D(zhuǎn)折發(fā)生在塑料上，高強度的塑料建成了橋梁、溜冰場、直升機的葉輪。一種震動或推動就能發(fā)電的新型塑料用于電子吉他上，觸及傳感塑料用于機械手和空手道外衣上，它能自動記錄每次擊打?！焙竺嬲劶八芰侠梢蕴幚恚蛘咧圃炜煞纸膺€原的塑料制品。塑料內(nèi)加入其他化合物加強性能。第四段講有些高級材料由新的改變，最新的光纖電纜由玻璃制成，透明度極高，100英里厚的一塊其清晰度比一塊普通窗

29、玻璃還高。2. B說明這種新材料對未來世界的意義。答案在第一段：“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷一定會象生物工程和計算機一樣將改變世界。”A.把它們和新材料相比較，這里不僅僅是比較，而是說明三者都具同樣的作用-改變世界。C.把新材料比作它們。也不僅僅是比喻比擬。與A 一樣沒有說到核心電。D.說明他的觀點。太籠統(tǒng)。3. A轉(zhuǎn)折需要錢和時間。見最后一段“可是新材料只有制成產(chǎn)品才有影響，而這個轉(zhuǎn)折可能很困難，因為轉(zhuǎn)折需要長期的研究和投資。可以這么說，在不久的將來，更牢牢地掌握如何把材料轉(zhuǎn)變成商品將決定一個國家之成敗。”B.因為許多制造商不愿改變他們的設(shè)備。C.因為新材料的研究非常困難。D.轉(zhuǎn)折要華上十年時間

30、。這三項文內(nèi)沒有涉及。4. D在超級材料時代已過之成功在于應用。A.在于研究。B.在于投資。C.在于革新。這三項都是應用的部分前提。其中 A和B文內(nèi)提 到，C項文內(nèi)未涉及。閱讀理解-AA year after graduation, I was offered a position teaching a writing class. Teaching was a profession I had never seriously considered, though several of my stories had been published. I accepted the job with

31、out hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by th e name of Mr. Davis. My father went by the same name, and I liked to imagine people get ting the two of us confused. Wait a minute someone might say, “are you talking about Mr. Davis the retired man, or Mr. Davis the respectable scholar

32、?The position was offered at the last minute, and I was given two weeks to prepare, a period I spent searching for briefcase （公文包）and standing before my full-length mirror, repeating the words, “Hello, class. I m Mr. Davis. Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice. Sometimes Iwould sound ex

33、perienced. But when the dayeventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true Mr. Davis was there. I sounded not like a thoughtful professor, but rather a 12-year-old boy.I arrived in the classroom with paper cards designed in the shape of maple leaves. I had cut them myself out of orange constructio

34、n paper. I saw nine students along a long table. I handed out the cards, and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as I required.“All right then, I said. Okay, here we go. Then I opened my briefcase and realized that I had never thought beyond this moment. I h

35、ad been thinking that the students would be the first to talk, offering their thoughts and opinions on the events of the day. I had imagined that I would sit at the edge of the desk, overlooking a forests of hands. Every student woul d yell. Calm down, you ll all get your turn. One at a time, one at

36、 a time! ”A terrible silence ruled the room, and seeing no other opinions, I inspected the students to pull out their notebooks and write a brief essay related to the themeof deep disappointment.()1. The author took the job to teach writing because.A. he wanted to be expectedB. he had written some storiedC. he wanted to please his fatherD. he had dreamed of being a teacher()2. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 2?A. He would be aggressive in his first class.B. He was well-prepared for his first class.C. He got nervous upon the