英語標點的用法

1、l.Apostrophe 上標點(')2.Comma 逗號3.Colon 冒號(:)4.Dash 破折號(-)5.Exclamation Point 驚嘆號(!)6.Hyphen 連字符(-)7.Parentheses 括號8. Period 句號()9. Question Mark 問號C?)lO.Quotation Marks 引號("")11.Semicolon 分號(;)l2.Triple Dots 刪節(jié)號()現(xiàn)將各種標點符號的用法分別說明如后:l. 上標點(')(l)表示字母的省略。Can't you read those road sig

2、ns?(2)表示數(shù)字的省略。Today is Thursday, June 1, '89.(3)表示字母的復(fù)數(shù)。There are five ss in “sleeplessness.”(4)表示單字的復(fù)數(shù)。Our teacher told us not to use so many sos.(5)表示數(shù)字的復(fù)數(shù)。Her 7s and 9s look alike.(6)表示所有格。Its Vice Burns umbrella.2. 逗號(，)(1) 用在以and ,but ,for, nor ,or ,so ,yet等連接詞連接的兩個主要子句之間。My father is fond

3、of fishing, but my mother prefers hiking.(2) 在復(fù)合句中，如果附屬子句在前，主要子句在后，用在附屬子句之后。While I was making a telephone call, someone knocked at my door注意：如果主要子句在前，則不用逗號。(3) 用以分開非限制形容詞子句與主要子句。Her father, who is a famous scholar, teaches English.(4) 用以分開非限制同位語。Kent Howard, my English teacher, is from America.(5)

4、用在yes, no ,well等字之后。(a) Yes, he is a hard-working student.(b) No, it is impossible.(c) Well, you may go if you insist.(6) 向人說話時，用在對方名字或稱謂之后，之前或前后。(a) John, come here.(b) Open the door, John.(c) It is, Sir, not my fault.(7) 用以分開引用句(a) “You are beautiful,” he said.(b) Our teacher said, “Freedom is not

5、 license.”(c) “No,” she said, “I was just testing your patience.”(8) 用以分開星期，月日，年份。On Sunday, May 28, 1989, her first child was born.(9) 用以分開地名、省名、國名、街道名、巷弄名等。Candy lives at 4 Alley 10, Lane 76, Ching Hua Street, Section 4, Taipei, Taiwan.(10)用以分開一系列的單字，詞組或子句。(a) Her mother sells tomatoes, potatoes,

6、and peaches.(b) She ran up the stairs, across the porch, and into the house.(c) We all agreed that she was beautiful, that she was intelligent, and that she was ambitious.(11)用以表示字的省略。The lion is the symbol of courage; the lamb, of meekness. (the lamb is the symbol of meekness).(12)用在such as及especia

7、lly的前面。(a) They enjoy outdoor sports, such as hiking and riding.(b)He likes all extracurricular activities, especially basketball playing.(13)用以分開乃此非彼的結(jié)構(gòu)。He wanted to see Cliff, not Steve.(14)用在追問句之前。It is warm today, isnt it?3. 冒號(：)(1) 用在解釋或逐項列舉之前(在as follows, the following as these或givenbelow之后)。

8、(a) I bought the following articles: sheets, towels, and blankets(b) The table lamp consists of three parts: a stand, a bulb, and a shade.(2) 用在正式或事務(wù)信函中稱謂之后。Dear Sir: Dear Mr. Reagan: Gentlemen:注意:在非正式或交際信函中稱謂之后用逗號。Dear Mary, Dear John,(3) 用在數(shù)字之后，表示時間。Our class starts at 8:10 a.m. and ends at 12:00

9、noon.(4) 用在較長的引用句或正式問句之前。(a) This is my favorite quotation: “It is difficult to say what is impossible, for the dream of yesterday is the hope of today and reality of tomorrow.”(b) The question is: What can we do for our country?(5) 用在講釋第一個主要子句的第二個主要句子之前。Her intention is obvious: she wants to marry

10、him.4. 破折號(-)(1) 表示猶豫，句意的暫時中斷, 或思想的突然中斷。(a) II dont know. Youd better ask her.(b) The entire teaching facilitiesconsole, tapes, earphones, and tape recorderswere stolen last night.(c) Ill givelets see, what can I give?(2) 用以強調(diào)同位語。She has only one interestfood.(3) 用在結(jié)語之前。Professor Chu collects postag

11、e stamps, coins, sea shells, matchboxesin short,anything that interests him.(4) 用在未完成句之后。She said, “He was everything to me, but-”5. 驚嘆號(！)(1) 用在以強烈情感說出的字句之后。(a) What a surprise!(b) How beautiful a girl she is!(c) What a beautiful girl she is!(2) 用在祈使句之后。(a) Help! My house is on fire!(b) Be quiet!6.

12、 連字句(-)(1) 用以表示分數(shù)或連接由21至99中的十位數(shù)及個位數(shù)。(a) Three-fourths of the freshman students are girls.(b) There are twenty-two boy student and ninety-eight girl students in the Department of English.(2) 用在行末連接分寫的單字。He is a graduate student of National Chengchi Uni-versity.(3) 用以連接復(fù)合字中的各字。We had a heart-to heart

13、talk last night.7. 括號用來在句中附加評論或解釋。I saw the two students (they are lovers) kissing each other.8. 句號( . )(1) 用在敘述句，祈使句及禮貌問句之后。(a) I wish to enter an ideal university.(b) Turn in your papers, please.(c) Will you please send me a copy of your university catalogue.(2) 用在間接問句之后。She asked if you would com

14、e to her birthday party.(3) 用在縮寫名字和其他字的第一個字母之后，或縮寫字之后。(a) Prof. W. W. Wang has returned to Taipei.(b) Dr. Tang earned his Ph. D. degree from Georgetown University in Washington, D. C. (District of Columbia).9. 問號(？)(1) 用在直接問句之后。Do you find English writing difficult?(2) 用在括號中表示存疑。Chaucer was born in

15、1340(?) and died in 1400.10. 引號(“ ”)(1) 用在引用句的前后。(a) Our teacher said, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”(b) “I dont like her, ” she explained, “because she is far too proud.”(2) 如果引用句本身是敘述句而且位在一個問句之后，必須先用引號，再用問號。Did he say, “I am going to college next year”?如果引用句本身是問句，則必須先用問號，再用引號。Did he

16、 say, “Are you going to college next year?”(3) 引用文句有兩段或兩段以上時，只在每一段開始時和最后一段結(jié)束時用引號?！癕om and Dad did not come home with them because Sunday was parents day off; the boys did the housework and cooked the meal of the week, while Father and Mother stayed on for church service.“But by the time diner was re

17、ady the boy had climbed into bed. The shoe had to be cut off his swollen and discolored leg. Why on earth hadnt he told somebody? Go quick and fetch the doctor!”(4) 引用句中另有引用句時, 用單引號表示She said, “ I quite agree to the saying To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness on earth.”注意：美式英文中，雙引號在外，單引

18、號在內(nèi)，英式英文中恰好相反。11. 分號 (；)(1) 用以連接兩個或兩個以上的主要子句。(a) The singular form is mouse; the plural form is mice.(b) she made up her mind; she laid her plans; she began her trip.(2) 用在連接兩個主要子句的連接副詞 (consequently, however, moreover, nevertheless, so, still, then, therefore, thus, etc.)之前。He did not pass the exam

19、ination; therefore, he was unhappy.(3) 用在連接兩個主要子句的連接詞 (and, but, or, nor, for)之前，當主要子句本身有逗號時。Henry, a freshman, lives at home; but Karl, his brother, does not.12. 刪節(jié)號 ()用以表示引用句中省略的文字。如刪節(jié)號用在句尾，另加原句句尾的標點符號。In his essay LUCK Winston Churchill wrote: “The longer one lives, the more one realizes that eve

20、rything depends upon chance a mans own contribution to his life story is continually by an external superior power.”注意：英文中表示等等用etc.而不是用刪節(jié)號()。另外，需要注意以下情況：1、沒有標點符號難以了解的例句(a) After eating the child left the table 乍看起來，好像是：吃完那小孩以后。有了標點符號之后的句子是：After eating, the child left the table. 吃完之后，那小孩離開了餐桌。(b)Inside the dog was growling乍看起來，好像是：那只狗的肚子里在咆哮。