薄冰實(shí)用英語語法之9

1、紙介圖書雙擊此處跟蹤鏈接天貓旗艦店·京東有售薄冰實(shí)用英語語法詳解之九 被動(dòng)語態(tài)主編 薄 冰 編著 王蘭明 陳 靜 山西出版?zhèn)髅郊瘓F(tuán)·山西教育出版社2014年6月第4版第46次印刷出 版 人 雷俊林 出版策劃 苗補(bǔ)坤責(zé)任編輯 潘 峰ISBN 978-7-5440-3553-8更加深入學(xué)習(xí)英語語法請(qǐng)加微平臺(tái)bbzdzyyyf 語法學(xué)習(xí)交流微平臺(tái) 紙介圖書京東旗艦店 紙介圖書天貓旗艦店 百度閱讀手持媒體免費(fèi)讀丨學(xué)英語，憑什么讓我學(xué)語法嗎？不時(shí)聽到一些青年問道：學(xué)英語一定要學(xué)語法嗎？語法應(yīng)該怎么學(xué)呢？我們就這兩個(gè)問題簡(jiǎn)單地談一點(diǎn)個(gè)人意見。對(duì)中國學(xué)生來說，尤其是成年人，我看是學(xué)點(diǎn)語法

2、好。語法，顧名思義，乃是語言的法則和規(guī)律。學(xué)習(xí)語法，尤其是一些基本法則，至少有下列幾個(gè)好處：第一 可以使你學(xué)得快些，因?yàn)橐延鞋F(xiàn)成的前人總結(jié)的法則，用不著你從頭摸索。第二 可以使你學(xué)得透些，因?yàn)橥ㄟ^語法對(duì)語言現(xiàn)象不僅可以知其然，而且可以知其所以然。 第三 可以使你學(xué)得準(zhǔn)些，因?yàn)檎Z法法則就是一條條準(zhǔn)繩，可以用以衡量一句話是否正確。 第四 語法不但可以引你入門，更可以引你入勝，使你逐漸眼界開闊，語感加深，從而使你的英語水平不斷提高。丨那么應(yīng)該如何學(xué)習(xí)語法呢？我認(rèn)為在學(xué)習(xí)語法過程中，應(yīng)該注意下面幾點(diǎn)：第一 基本概念最重要。在學(xué)習(xí)每個(gè)語法項(xiàng)目時(shí)，一定要把它的基本概念搞清，牢記在心。第二 要大量地實(shí)踐，大

3、量地練習(xí)。實(shí)踐要包括聽、說、讀、寫四個(gè)方面，練習(xí)要著重說和寫。第三 學(xué)習(xí)語法時(shí)，應(yīng)多用比較法。如對(duì)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、冠詞、介詞、名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)等較難的語法項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行相互比較，效果就比較好。 第四 要將語法法則與習(xí)慣用法分開。碰到習(xí)慣用法，就不必鉆牛角尖，進(jìn)行徒勞的分析。而習(xí)慣用法在英語中則是大量地存在著的。第五 將一本語法書通讀一遍，當(dāng)然也不無好處。但最好將它作為工具書，像詞典一樣地經(jīng)常查閱，始能學(xué)得比較細(xì)致牢靠。第六 實(shí)用英語語法只應(yīng)是入門的向?qū)?，像一根拐棍一樣。英語達(dá)到一定水平之后，就應(yīng)將它扔掉。起碼不要讓許多語法條條充斥頭腦，影響你說和寫的流利性。 最后 可能還會(huì)有人說，語法應(yīng)該學(xué)，就是太枯燥。我

4、的感覺是：開頭有點(diǎn)枯燥，過些時(shí)候，就會(huì)像嚼橄欖似的，越學(xué)越有味了。如若不信，請(qǐng)?jiān)囋嚳础?薄冰實(shí)用英語語法之·被動(dòng)語態(tài)目錄91 被動(dòng)語態(tài)概述92 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成93 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法94 特殊形式的被動(dòng)語態(tài) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)雙賓語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)復(fù)合賓語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)短語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)get+過去分詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)95 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義96 被動(dòng)語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別97 單元練習(xí)全國優(yōu)秀暢銷書，薄冰、張道真系列語法圖書銷售突破220萬冊(cè)！根據(jù)課改全面修訂第四版條理更分明，針對(duì)性更強(qiáng)，重點(diǎn)更突出！Unit 9 被動(dòng)語態(tài)91 被動(dòng)語態(tài)概述語態(tài)（Voice）是個(gè)語法范疇，是表示主語和動(dòng)詞之間語法和語

5、義關(guān)系的動(dòng)詞形式。英語動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)兩種語態(tài)，當(dāng)主語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài)（Active Voice）；當(dāng)主語是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，動(dòng)詞要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)（Passive Voice）。只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：Scientists have been puzzled for decades by how turtles manage to navigate across the Atlanticbut now they know. 幾十年來，科學(xué)家一直對(duì)海龜如何能穿越大西洋迷惑不解但現(xiàn)在他們知道了。（scientists是puzzle的承受者，故puzzle用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。They是kno

6、w的發(fā)出者，故know用主動(dòng)語態(tài)。）92 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)是由“助動(dòng)詞be + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)由be體現(xiàn)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下所示： (1) 主動(dòng)語態(tài)：動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者 + 主動(dòng)語態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)作的接受者 主語 謂語賓語 (2) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)：動(dòng)作的接受者+被動(dòng)語態(tài)動(dòng)詞（be + 動(dòng)詞過去分詞）+（by + 動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者） 主語 謂語 賓語下面以make為例，說明各時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式：現(xiàn)在范疇一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am / is / are made現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am / is / are being made現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)has / have been made過去范疇

7、一般過去時(shí)was / were made過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was / were being made過去完成時(shí)had been made將來范疇一般將來時(shí)shall / will be made將來完成時(shí)shall / will have been made過去將來時(shí)should / would be made特別應(yīng)注意：完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)通常不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 1. Many old houses around our school_next year and a large green area will appear.（2005年上海市中考題）A. pull downB. will be pulled

8、downC. will pull downD. are pulled down【答案選B】 next year為將來時(shí)時(shí)間狀語，此句為一般將來時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)。用will be done。 2. I don't suppose the police know who did it. Well，surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and_now.（2006年高考江蘇卷）A. has been questionedB. is being questionedC. is questioningD. has questioned【答案選B】根據(jù)

9、句中提示用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，句中主語和前項(xiàng)中動(dòng)詞之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)形式。93 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法被動(dòng)語態(tài)主要用于下面幾種情況： (1) 不知道或沒必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。如：The meeting has been put off. 會(huì)議已被推遲了。Such books are written for middle school students. 這種書是為中學(xué)生寫的。It is said that the police will look into the matter. 據(jù)說警方將調(diào)查此事。This question is being discussed at the meeting

10、. 這個(gè)問題正在會(huì)上討論。 1. The APEC meeting_in Shanghai last month. I hear it_in different countries every year.（2002年山東省中考題）A. is held；is heldB. was held；is heldC. was held；has heldD. is held；was held【答案選B】APEC meeting亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)合作組織會(huì)議，是被舉辦的；第一句的時(shí)間狀語是last month，用過去時(shí)，第二句的時(shí)間狀語為every year，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 2. Your job_open for

11、you return. Thanks.（2006年高考北京卷）A. will be keptB. will keepC. had keptD. had been kept【答案選A】根據(jù)語境應(yīng)用將來時(shí)，本句主語為job應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 3. 短文改錯(cuò)：The day the NEA report released，the U. S. host，in a tie vote，upheld the government's right to obtain bookstore and library records under a provision of the USA Patriot Act

12、.（2007年1月六級(jí)題）【答案解析】文章中表示時(shí)間的定語從句“the NEA report released”的謂語用的是主動(dòng)語態(tài)，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語態(tài)“was released（被披露 / 公之于眾）”。 (2) 當(dāng)我們出于禮貌避免說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。如：The car was seriously damaged. 汽車受到了嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞。She is liked by all of us. 她受到我們所有人的喜愛。 1. The pizza_by my mother. Would you like to have some?（2005年北京市中考題）A. makesB. was makingC.

13、madeD. was made【答案選D】比薩是被我媽媽做的，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 2. Customers are asked to make sure that they_the right change before leaving the shop.（2006年高考重慶卷）A. will give B. have been given C. have given D. will be given【答案選B】主句customers are asked to.是商店的規(guī)定，是經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或行為，從句中時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與主句保持一致，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)；從句中they指customers，the right chan

14、ge指“零錢”，找錢是商店給顧客，顧客作主語時(shí)，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)。 (3) 當(dāng)我們出于文章行文的需要時(shí)。如：She appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 她出現(xiàn)在臺(tái)上，觀眾熱烈鼓掌。This book is liked by those people who are interested in modern culture. 這本書受到那些對(duì)現(xiàn)代文化感興趣的人們的歡迎。The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he_to the hospital.（2005年北京市

15、中考題）A. takes B. is taken C. took D. was taken【答案選D】這句話的意思為“在彼得被送到醫(yī)院以后醫(yī)生仔細(xì)地給他作了檢查”，主句用的是一般過去時(shí)，所以后面要用過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 (4) 需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或側(cè)重動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。如：It is the first time that wrinkles have been linked with high-cholesterol levels. 這是首次將皺紋與高膽固醇聯(lián)系起來。Three people have so far been killed in the storms sweeping across the

16、north of England and southern Scotland. 在席卷英格蘭北部和蘇格蘭南部的暴風(fēng)雨中，三人喪生。94 特殊形式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be + 過去分詞。如：The book can't be found. 那本書找不到。Water mustn't be wasted. 水絕不能被浪費(fèi)。Should a comma be used here? 這兒應(yīng)該用逗號(hào)嗎？The book needn't be returned now. 書不必現(xiàn)在還。 1. The river smells

17、terrible. People must_from throwing dirty things into it.（2004年云南省中考題）A. stopB. be stoppedC. stoppedD. was stopped【答案選B】stop sb. from doing“阻止某人做某事”，所以此題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。依題意“人們必須被阻止向河里扔臟東西”。 2. 短文改錯(cuò)：There were no public schools，and besides，the few pennies which the children could earn needed to help supp

18、ort the family.（2005年6月四級(jí)題）【答案解析】neededwere needed。 此處應(yīng)是被動(dòng)，屬語態(tài)有誤。2 雙賓語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)帶有雙賓語（直接賓語和間接賓語）的句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，只把一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個(gè)賓語保留在動(dòng)詞之后，這種句子可以有兩個(gè)被動(dòng)句。如：His teacher gave him a book. 他的老師給了他一本書。這個(gè)句子的被動(dòng)句為：A book was given to him by his teacher. 或：He was given a book by his teacher. She showed me her new skirt.

19、她給我看她的新裙子。這個(gè)句子的被動(dòng)句為：I was shown her new skirt by her. / Her new skirt was shown to me by her. 1. At the end of the meeting Miss Green_two minutes to decide whether she could join the project or not.（2004年廣州市中考題）A. gaveB. had givenC. was givenD. was giving【答案選C】此題考查一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。題意為“會(huì)議結(jié)束時(shí)，格林小姐有兩分鐘時(shí)間決定是

20、否參加這個(gè)項(xiàng)目”。 2. All the employees except the manager_to work online at home.（2005年高考全國卷）A. encourages B. encourageC. is encouragedD. are encouraged【答案選D】句子的主語是all the employees，所以謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)當(dāng)用復(fù)數(shù)；encourage sb. to do sth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事，結(jié)合句意，顯然應(yīng)當(dāng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句意：所有雇員（除經(jīng)理之外）都被提倡在家在線工作。3 復(fù)合賓語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)含有復(fù)合賓語的主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)，將賓語變成主語，賓語補(bǔ)足語仍

21、保留在動(dòng)詞之后，成為主語補(bǔ)足語。如：We call him Xiao Wang. 我們叫他小王。（主動(dòng)句）He was called Xiao Wang. 他被叫做小王。（被動(dòng)句）He painted the table green. 他把桌子漆成了綠色。（主動(dòng)句）The table was painted green. 桌子被漆成了綠色。 （被動(dòng)句）We asked the teacher to explain the sentence again. 我們要求老師把這個(gè)句子再解釋一次。（主動(dòng)句）The teacher was asked to explain the sentence aga

22、in. 老師被要求把這個(gè)句子再解釋一次。（被動(dòng)句）He found an old man lying at the door. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)一位老人躺在門口。（主動(dòng)句）An old man was found lying at the door by him. 一位老人被他發(fā)現(xiàn)躺在門口。（被動(dòng)句）make, hear, see, watch, feel, let, have等動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子中，其后作賓補(bǔ)的不定式一般不帶to，但當(dāng)用于被動(dòng)句時(shí)，后面作主補(bǔ)的不定式必須帶to。如：His mother made him do his homework again. 他媽媽讓他把作業(yè)重寫一次。（主動(dòng)句

23、） He was made to do his homework again by his mother. 他被他媽媽要求把作業(yè)重寫一次。（被動(dòng)句）She saw a man go into the room. 她看見一個(gè)男人走進(jìn)屋里。（主動(dòng)句）A man was seen to go into the room. 一個(gè)男人被看到走進(jìn)屋里去了。（被動(dòng)句）4 短語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)一些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的短語動(dòng)詞也有被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。主要有以下幾類： (1) 動(dòng)詞 + 介詞。如：They have talked about this matter recently. 他們近來一直談?wù)撨@件事。（主動(dòng)句）Thi

24、s matter has been talked about recently. 這件事近來一直被談?wù)撝＃ū粍?dòng)句）We have never heard of such a thing before. 我們從未聽說過這樣的事。（主動(dòng)句）Such a thing has never been heard of before. 這樣的事從未被聽說過。（被動(dòng)句）They looked after the old man carefully. 他們精心照顧那位老人。（主動(dòng)句）The old man was looked after carefully by them. 那位老人被他們精心照顧著。（被

25、動(dòng)句）How magnificent the Bund looks at night when all the lights are_!（2005年上海市中考題）A. turned overB. turned offC. turned downD. turned on【答案選D】turn on the light“打開電燈”。此句用作被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 (2) 動(dòng)詞 + 副詞。如：They put off the sports meeting. 他們把運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)推遲了。（主動(dòng)句）The sports meeting was put off. 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)被推遲了。（被動(dòng)句）They will put on a

26、short play at the party. 他們要在晚會(huì)上演一個(gè)短劇。（主動(dòng)句）A short play will be put on by them at the party. 一個(gè)短劇將要由他們?cè)谕頃?huì)上演出。（被動(dòng)句）We must think over what he said. 我們必須仔細(xì)思考他說的話。（主動(dòng)句）What he said must be thought over. 他說的話必須仔細(xì)思考。（被動(dòng)句） (3) 其他動(dòng)詞短語。如：We must do away with privileges. 我們必須取消特權(quán)。（主動(dòng)句）Privileges must be done

27、 away with. 特權(quán)必須取消。（被動(dòng)句）His classmates often make fun of him for this. 他的同學(xué)常為這和他開玩笑。（主動(dòng)句）He is often made fun of for this by his classmates. 他常為此被他的同學(xué)開玩笑。（被動(dòng)句）We should pay more attention to the education of the young people. 我們應(yīng)該更多地重視對(duì)年輕人的教育。（主動(dòng)句）More attention should be paid to the education of th

28、e young people. 年輕人的教育應(yīng)該更多地受到重視。（被動(dòng)句）5 get+過去分詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)“get + 過去分詞”也可構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)的句子側(cè)重于動(dòng)作的結(jié)果而不是動(dòng)作本身。如：The man got hurt on his way home. 那個(gè)男人在回家的路上受傷了。Mary is going to get married. 瑪麗準(zhǔn)備結(jié)婚了。How did the glass get broken? 杯子怎么破了？短文改錯(cuò)：What about the content? The rule here is to keep it factual and truthfulex

29、aggerations usually get find out.（2006年1月六級(jí)題）【答案解析】本題中g(shù)et是連系動(dòng)詞，find out 改為found out，后面應(yīng)該接過去分詞表示被動(dòng)，“終會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)”。95 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義英語中有一類既是及物動(dòng)詞又是不及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)它們作為不及物動(dòng)詞而主語又是指物的名詞或代詞時(shí)，往往含有被動(dòng)意義。因?yàn)閺倪壿嬕饬x上講這些名詞本身不具備執(zhí)行動(dòng)作的能力，只能作為動(dòng)作的承受者。由于動(dòng)詞本身的含義及主語的內(nèi)在特征，這些動(dòng)詞表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義的方式和與其他詞語的搭配又有很多不同之處。 (1) 某些連系動(dòng)詞smell，taste，sound，feel等。如：Th

30、e cloth feels soft. 這布摸上去很柔軟。The cake tastes good. 這蛋糕很好吃。That sounds very reasonable. 那聽起來很有道理的。Cotton_nice and soft.（2005年高考全國卷）A. is feltB. is feelingC. feelD. feels【答案選D】feel的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意思，不能用被動(dòng)形式。此句為“棉花摸起來感到很好很軟”。 (2) 某些不及物動(dòng)詞如build，cook，print，bake等用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)（主要是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）。這些動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)可以轉(zhuǎn)化為相應(yīng)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：The new

31、 house is building.=The new house is being built. 新房在建造中。The newspapers are printing.=The newspapers are being printed. 報(bào)紙?jiān)谟∷⒅小?(3) 某些與can't，won't連用的不及物動(dòng)詞。如：The container can't move.=The container cannot be moved. 這集裝箱移動(dòng)不了。The door won't lock.=The door won't be locked. 這門鎖不住。 (4)

32、 某些不及物動(dòng)詞常與副詞連用。這些常見的不及物動(dòng)詞有：read，write，wash，clean，draw，burn，sell，cook，photograph，dye，dry，light，tear，carry等。副詞包括well，badly，easily，quickly等。如：The pen writes smoothly. 這支鋼筆很好寫。The knife cuts well. 這把刀很快。The cloth washes well. 這種布料好洗。These bowls don't clean easily. 這些碗不容易洗干凈。The kind of rice cooks mo

33、re quickly than that kind. 這種米飯比那種米飯熟得快。Nylon dries quickly. 尼龍織物干得快。 (5) 某些可用于“主語 + 謂語 + 主補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不及物動(dòng)詞。如：This material has worn thin. 這種布料已穿薄了。The window blew open. 這窗吹開了。 (6) 某些以含動(dòng)詞意義的名詞作介詞賓語構(gòu)成的介詞詞組可表示被動(dòng)意義。如：Oranges are on sale. 橘子在出售。The question is under discussion. 問題在討論之中。 (7) 有些不及物動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行式也具有被動(dòng)意

34、義。如：Prices are advancing. 物價(jià)在上漲。Corn is selling briskly. 谷物暢銷。 96 被動(dòng)語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別“系動(dòng)詞+用作表語的過去分詞”稱為系表結(jié)構(gòu)，它與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式完全一致。但有以下幾點(diǎn)不同： (1) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的過去分詞是動(dòng)詞，表動(dòng)作；系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，表狀態(tài)。如：The composition was written with great care. 這篇作文寫得很用心。（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）These goods are all sold out. 這些貨物全部出售了。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)） (2) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)可用by短語表動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；系

35、表結(jié)構(gòu)通常不用by短語。如：The man was offended by the woman. 那個(gè)男人被那個(gè)女人激怒了。（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）The man was offended. 那個(gè)人很生氣。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)） (3) 系表結(jié)構(gòu)一般只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)；被動(dòng)語態(tài)除可用于上述兩種時(shí)態(tài)之外，還可用于其他時(shí)態(tài)。如：The flowers will be planted next week. 下周種花。（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）Museums are closed to the public on Mondays. 博物館每逢星期一閉館。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)） (4) 系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞可被very修飾；被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的過

36、去分詞可用much修飾。如： He was very agitated. 他很激動(dòng)。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）He was much agitated by the news. 這消息使他很激動(dòng)。（被動(dòng)語態(tài)） (5) 有些句子既可是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，也可是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)根據(jù)上下文去理解。如：The door was closed. 門關(guān)上了。The road was mended. 路修好了。97 單元練習(xí). 選擇最佳答案填空。 (1) With the development of science， more new technology_to the fields of IT.A. has introducedB

37、. is being introducedC. is introducedD. was introduced (2) Is the meeting held in Room 302 or 203? It should be 302. But I hear that it_till tomorrow.A. was put offB. will put offC. has been put offD. is put off (3) When and where to go for on-salary holiday_yet.A. are not decidedB. have not been de

38、cidedC. is not being decidedD. has not been decided (4) They_so that we wouldn't recognize them.A. costumed B. disguisedC. were disguisingD. were disguised (5) All the apparatus_before the experiment began.A. have been preparedB. were preparedC. had been preparedD. had prepared (6) The world's supplies of copper_.A. have been gradually being exhaustedB. has gradually exhaustedC. are gradually exhaustedD. are being gradually exhausted (7) The goods_when we arrived at the airport.A. were just unloadingB. were just being unloadedC. had just unloadedD. were just been u