【課件】Unit5LearningAboutLanguage課件-高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊

1、UNIT 5 FIRST AIDSection BLearning About LanguageGrammarWhat is the function of the- ing form in each sentence below? Can you express the same ideas without using the -ing form? Activity 11As you can imagine，getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. 作主語作主語 As you can imagine， if you get burnt，

2、it can lead to very serious injuries. 2The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. 作表語作表語 The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is to give first aid. 3 It is best to place burns under cool running water，especially within the first ten minute

3、s. 作定語作定語 It is best to run some cool water and place burns under it， especially within the first ten minutes. What is the function of the- ing form in each sentence below? Can you express the same ideas without using the -ing form? 4Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary，unless you see the

4、fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 作狀語；賓語補(bǔ)足語作狀語；賓語補(bǔ)足語 Use scissors to remove any clothes if necessary， unless you find that the fabric sticks to the burnt skin. 5You can protect the burnt area by covering it with a loose clean cloth. 作賓語作賓語 To protect the burnt area， you can cover it with a loose cl

5、ean cloth.Activity 1-ing的句法功能的句法功能p 作定語作定語:說明被修飾詞的性質(zhì)、特征、用途，或所修飾的人說明被修飾詞的性質(zhì)、特征、用途，或所修飾的人/事物的動作、狀態(tài)，如事物的動作、狀態(tài)，如: a visiting scholar、the girl wearing a red hat。p 作表語作表語:說明主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)或內(nèi)容，如說明主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)或內(nèi)容，如 : The film is interesting. His hobby is collecting stamps.p 作賓語補(bǔ)足語作賓語補(bǔ)足語:補(bǔ)充說明賓語正在進(jìn)行的感官動作、心理狀態(tài)或使役動作等，如補(bǔ)充說

6、明賓語正在進(jìn)行的感官動作、心理狀態(tài)或使役動作等，如: I smell something burning in the kitchen. They kept us waiting for over two hours yesterday.Summary -ing的句法功能的句法功能p 作狀語作狀語:表示動作發(fā)生的時間、條件、結(jié)果、原因或伴隨狀況等，如表示動作發(fā)生的時間、條件、結(jié)果、原因或伴隨狀況等，如: Seeing those pictures, he remembered his childhood.p 作主語作主語:表示事物化、抽象化概念，表示事物化、抽象化概念， 如如: Seeing

7、is believing. Its no use crying over spit milk.p 作賓語作賓語:表示動作的對象，或代替表示動作的對象，或代替it作真正的賓語，如作真正的賓語，如: We tried to avoid making mistakes. I dont think it possible living in such a cold place.Summary Replace each underlined part with a suitable -ing form and rewrite the sentence as necessary. Work with a

8、partner and summarise the different structures of the -ing form. When is each one used? Activity 21When he got out of the bathtub，he slipped and fell on the floor. When getting out of the bathtub， he slipped and fell on the floor. 2Is there any reason why we are not going to have the first-aid train

9、ing this week? Is there any reason for not having the first-aid training this week? 3 She had been told about the risk of electric shocks and this made her very careful while using hairdryers. Having been told about the risk of electric shocks，she was very careful while using hairdryers. Replace eac

10、h underlined part with a suitable -ing form and rewrite the sentence as necessary. Work with a partner and summarise the different structures of the -ing form. When is each one used? 4Because the child was not watched carefully by his parents，he touched a hot iron and burnt his finger. Not being wat

11、ched carefully by his parents，the child touched a hot iron and burnt his finger. 5After she had been bitten by mosquitoes，she applied some medicine to her skin. After being/having been bitten by mosquitoes，she applied some medicine to her skin. Activity 2主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)肯定式肯定式否定式否定式肯定式肯定式否定式否定式一般式一般

12、式doing完成式完成式 donehaving been donenot doingbeing donenot being donehavingnot having donenot having been doneSummary Complete the passage with the correct forms of the given words. What happened to Mrs Taylor?Activity 3Mrs Taylor was an elderly woman （live） alone. One day，she was in her living room cl

13、eaning the windows，when suddenly she could no longer feel the right side of her body. _（try）to walk to her sofa to sit down，she fell over onto the carpet . Then she realised that she could not get up，and that she was having trouble _ （breathe）. Fortunately，she had her mobile phone with her，and she w

14、as able to reach it with her left hand while _ （lie）on the floor. Her mobile phone _ （already，set up） to call an emergency number at the push of a button， so it was easy to call for help. While attempting tolivingTryingbreathinglyingwas already set up定語補(bǔ)語狀語狀語狀語謂語動詞，不要填錯哦Complete the passage with the

15、 correct forms of the given words. What happened to Mrs Taylor?Activity 3talk to the operator，Mrs Taylor discovered that she could not speak. _ （not，hear） an answer，the operator knew that Mrs Taylor must be in trouble . Telling Mrs Taylor that everything would be OK，she immediately sent an ambulance

16、 . After _ （arrive），the ambulance team quickly found Mrs Taylor and without delay gave her oxygen，put in an IV needle，and checked her vital signs . _ （take）to the hospital and treated immediately，Mrs Taylors health was in no great danger，though she had to stay in the hospital ward . After a week，her

17、 _ （frighten） experience was over， and she was allowed to go home. Not hearingarrivingHaving been takenfrighteningShe had a stroke when she was alone at home. She called for an ambulance and was saved in time. 狀語賓語狀語定語 Make sentences with the following clues. Then try to form a logical paragraph by

18、putting some of the sentences together. Pay attention to the use of the -ing form.Activity 41Reacting rapidly in times of emergency Reacting rapidly in times of emergency is of urgent importance. 2Not hesitating for a single second, Not hesitating for a single second，Paul ran to help the victim. 3Ha

19、ving called the ambulance, Having called the ambulance，Paul began rescue breathing. 4I stopped his bleeding by I stopped his bleeding by pressing down on the wound with a piece of gauze. Make sentences with the following clues. Then try to form a logical paragraph by putting some of the sentences to

20、gether. Pay attention to the use of the -ing form.5When carrying out rescue breathing,. When carrying out rescue breathing，it is important to clear the victims mouth and tilt his head back.6Being educated on how to respond to life-threatening situations, . Being educated on how to respond to life-th

21、reatening situations，Paul was confident that he knew what to do.7The man was thankful for . The man was thankful for Pauls quick action in saving his life.Activity 4 Make sentences with the following clues. Then try to form a logical paragraph by putting some of the sentences together. Pay attention

22、 to the use of the -ing form.8It was an inspiring experience and I think in the future Ill keep It was an inspiring experience and I think in the future Ill keep learning new life-saving techniques. 9To learn more first-aid techniques, Im considering To learn more first-aid techniques，Im considering

23、 signing up for lessons at the Red Cross. 10 When I saw blood flowing out from his arm, I couldnt helpWhen I saw blood flowing out from his arm，I couldnt help but run to his aid. Activity 4 Make sentences with the following clues. Then try to form a logical paragraph by putting some of the sentences

24、 together. Pay attention to the use of the -ing form.The other day when Paul was walking in a park，he saw a young man lying face down in a pool of water. Being educated on how to respond to life-threatening situations，Paul was confident that he knew what to do. Not hesitating for a single second，Pau

25、l ran to help the victim. He pulled the man from the water and saw that he was no longer breathing. Having called the ambulance，Paul began rescue breathing. When carrying out rescue breathing，it is important to clear the victims mouth and tilt his head back. Paul continued doing this until the ambul

26、ance arrived. They were able to revive him. The man was thankful for Pauls quick action in saving his life. Reacting rapidly in times of emergency is of urgent importance.Activity 4Work in pairs and discuss the following questions.1What should people do when facing a frightening experience like Mrs

27、Taylors?When having a frightening experience like Mrs Taylors，people should try to get help，like she did. 2What are some risks that elderly people may encounter when living alone?When living alone，elderly people may fall or get injured，and not be able to help themselves or even call for help. Discus

28、sionWork in pairs and discuss the following questions.3What can we do to help prevent elderly people from taking unnecessary risks?To help prevent elderly people from taking unnecessary risks，we should make sure that their homes are easy to get around in，with handrails（扶手），（扶手）， ramps（斜坡）（斜坡） instea

29、d of stairs，and even walking surfaces（人行道）（人行道）. Discussion 單元語法單元語法 復(fù)習(xí)動詞復(fù)習(xí)動詞 -ing 形式形式1動詞動詞 -ing 形式的變化形式的變化 （以 do 為例） 主動式 被動式 否定式 一般式 doing being done not doing/being done 完成式 having done having been done not having been done（1）動詞 -ing 形式的一般式：doing 表示動作與謂語動詞的動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生， 或表示一般情況。 During the rosy ye

30、ars of elementary school，I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes. 在小學(xué)的美好歲月里，我喜歡分享我的玩具和笑話。（2）動詞 -ing 形式的完成式：having done 表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞的動作之前。 Having returned from a long bike ride，I was tired and bathed in sweat. 騎自行車跑了很長一段路返回后，我身體疲憊，汗流浹背。（3）動詞 -ing 形式的主動式表示它的邏輯主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。 He insisted on participating in vol

31、untary work every week. 他堅持每周參加志愿活動。（4）動詞 -ing 形式的被動式表示它的邏輯主語是動作的承受者。 He cant stand being blamed for others fault. 他忍受不了因為別人的過錯而受責(zé)備。（5）動詞 -ing 形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 動詞 -ing 形式加上自己的邏輯主語，便構(gòu)成了動詞 -ing 形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。其邏輯 主語可以是形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格、人稱代詞的賓格、名詞普通格。 位于句首時，邏輯主語只能用形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格。 Toms/His being outspoken won our respect.

32、湯姆的坦誠贏得了我們的尊敬。 We are looking forward to his/him/Toms/Tom coming to deliver a speech to us. 我們盼望著他 / 湯姆來給我們作演講。指出下列句中動詞指出下列句中動詞 -ing 形式形式(1) As is often the case，nobody likes being laughed at in public. _(2) He is very kind and likes helping those who are in trouble. _(3) On seeing the rescue worker

33、s，they felt a sense of relief and tears flooded their eyes._(4) Not having received the helmet and boot，I telephoned the seller. _(5) Marys not passing the exam made her mother very angry. _單句語法填空單句語法填空(6)Every student was silent，（wait）to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph alo

34、ud.(7) （wait） in the rain for half an hour，the audience began to feel impatient.(8) （cause） great damage to the town，the rain stopped at last.(9)The car broke down on the way，（cause） the delay.(10)The old man insisted on （give）the night shift，saying he had no one to take care of.被動式主動式一般式完成式-ing 形式的

35、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)waitingHaving waitedHaving causedcausingbeing given2 動詞動詞 -ing 形式作主語形式作主語（1）位置 動詞 -ing 形式作主語時通常有兩種位置：一種是位于句首，另一種是 it 作形式主語， 而將動詞 -ing 形式后置。 Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent. 建立一個夢想團(tuán)隊比簡單地雇用最好的人才更復(fù)雜。 【學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】 單個的動詞 -ing 形式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 Having seen a l

36、ot of the world in ones youth is a good thing. 年輕時見過很多世面是一件好事。（2）常用動詞 -ing 形式作主語的句型 It is a waste of time doing. 做是浪費(fèi)時間。 It is no good/use doing. 做是沒用的。 It is worthwhile doing. 做是值得的。 It is no fun doing. 做沒有樂趣。 It is a waste of time arguing with him about the matter. 同他爭辯這件事是浪費(fèi)時間。 It is no good/use

37、regretting. 悔恨是沒用的。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 牛奶已灑，哭也白搭。（覆水難收。）（3）動詞 -ing 形式和 to do 作主語時的區(qū)別 動詞 -ing 形式作主語表示比較抽象的一般行為，而不定式作主語往往表示具體的或一次性 的動作。 Singing is my hobby，and to sing at the concert is my dream. 唱歌是我的愛好，在音樂會上唱歌是我的夢想。單句語法填空單句語法填空(1)（relearn） the art of seeing the world around us is q

38、uite simple，although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.(2) As a chef，（study）Chinese cuisine is what he often does whether in work or at home.(3) Its a waste of time just （wait）. We should engage ourselves in the search work.(4) （expose） to loud noise can do damage to your heari

39、ng.(5) （share） is also a way to cut down living expenses.完成句子完成句子(6) （懷疑他沒有用）. We need to find out some evidence.(7) （期待是沒用的） the teacher to overlook your careless mistakes. RelearningstudyingwaitingBeing exposedSharingIt is no use suspecting himIt is no good expecting3 動詞動詞 -ing 形式作表語形式作表語（1）動詞 -in

40、g 形式作表語表示抽象的、一般性的行為，用來說明主語的內(nèi)容或者某種性質(zhì) 或特征，表語和主語?？苫Q位置。 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. 她的工作是使演講廳盡可能地干凈。（2）動詞 -ing 形式作表語，表示主語的某種性質(zhì)和特征，這類動詞 -ing 形式通?？梢钥醋?形容詞。 Bacteria are annoying for astronauts in space.細(xì)菌對于在太空的宇航員來說是很煩人的。 【誤區(qū)警示誤區(qū)警示】 動詞 -ing 形式作表語表抽象的一般性的行為，而不定式作表語表一次具體的動作或?qū)⒁?/p>

41、 發(fā)生的事。 Tonys hobby is drawing，but now what he wants to do is（to） dance. 托尼的愛好是畫畫，可是現(xiàn)在他想要做的是跳舞。單句語法填空單句語法填空(1) Judging from his look，the news was （shock）.(2) The situation both at home and abroad is very（inspire）.(3) One part of his work is （make）monthly advertising budgets.(4) One mistake you made i

42、s （ignore）the difference between the two findings.(5) Your task for the next few days is （read） the adaptation from the novel.shockinginspiringmakingignoringto read4 動詞動詞 -ing 形式作賓語形式作賓語 （1）作動詞的賓語接動詞 -ing 形式作賓語的常用動詞（短語）有：avoid，miss，delay/put off 避免 錯過 少延期advise/ suggest，finish，practise 建議 完成 多練習(xí)enjo

43、y，imagine，cant help 喜歡 想象 禁不住admit，deny，envy 承認(rèn) 否定 與嫉妒escape，risk，excuse 逃避 冒險 莫原諒stand，keep，mind 忍受 保持 不介意 To avoid being noticed，he slipped into the room.為了不被注意到，他悄悄地溜進(jìn)房間。 （2）作介詞的賓語常用動詞 -ing 形式作賓語的短語有：give up，dream of，be fond of，be concerned about，feel like，insist on，think of，set about 等。I dream o

44、f sailing around the world and leading a happy life.我夢想著環(huán)游世界，過上幸福的生活?！菊`區(qū)警示誤區(qū)警示】下列短語中的 to 是介詞，后應(yīng)接動詞 -ing 形式作賓語。be addicted to，be accustomed to，devote oneself to，be used to，look forward to，get down to，stick to，object to，pay attention to，lead to，contribute to【學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥】(1) 動詞-ing形式作賓語時，如果動作不是主語發(fā)出，則需加邏輯主

45、語。 Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打開窗戶嗎？ Would you mind me/my /Tom/ Toms opening the window? 你介意我 / 湯姆打開窗戶嗎？(2) 當(dāng)不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作先后時既可以用doing也可以用having done作賓語。 He admitted having referred /referring to his notes in the exam.他承認(rèn)在考試中查閱了筆記。(3) 接動詞 -ing 形式或 to do 作賓語時意義差別不大的動詞有：begin，start，continue，like， l

46、ove，prefer，hate 等。 Statistics show that prices will continue rising/to rise. 統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)顯示，物價將持續(xù)上漲。(4) 接動詞 -ing 形式或 to do 作賓語時意義差別較大的動詞有： remember/forget to do sth. 記著 / 忘記要做某事 remember/forget doing sth. 記著 / 忘記做過某事 regret to do/ doing sth. 遺憾要做 / 后悔做了某事 try to do/ doing sth. 努力做 / 試著做某事 mean to do/ doing

47、sth. 打算做 / 意味著做某事 stop to do/ doing sth. 停下來去做（另一件事）/ 停止做某事 cant help（to） do/doing sth. 不能幫忙做 / 禁不住做某事 They stopped to have a look at the fantastic scenery. 他們停下來，看了看這美妙絕倫的風(fēng)景。 They stopped working and had a rest. 他們停止工作，休息了一下(5) 動詞 think/consider/find/feel/believe 后面可以用 it 作形式賓語，動詞 -ing 形式作真正的賓語 Do

48、you consider it good trying again? 你覺得再試一次有用嗎？(6) 動詞 -ing 形式作介詞賓語，介詞可省略的短語有： spend time/money（in） doing be busy（in） doing prevent/stop sb.（from） doing have trouble/difficulty/a problem/a good time（in） doing The police had much difficulty（in）finding out the connection between the man and the case. 警方

49、頗費(fèi)周折才查明這個人與該案的關(guān)聯(lián)。(7) 主動形式表被動意義 need，require，want 作“需要”講時，接動詞 -ing 形式作賓語，表示被動含義， 相當(dāng)于 to be done。 The room needs equipping /to be equipped with a video camera. 這個房間需要安裝一臺攝像機(jī)。單句語法填空單句語法填空(1) When it comes to （give） first aid，we should learn from this paramedic.(2) Some people believe that they cant hel

50、p（put）on weight as they get older.(3) Id advise （buy）your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August.(4) He regretted （select）this mobile phone which cost him an arm and a leg.(5) Generally speaking，many companies prefer employing a skilled worker to（employ） a new graduate who has no pr

51、actical experience.(6)The chance of （attack）by a shark is very little compared to other dangers.(7) Several of these washers and dryers are out of order and need （repair）.(8)The band was looking forward to （become）famous overnight.(9) To be honest，I have never imagined him （wander）aimlessly deep int

52、o night.(10) I remember the boss （look）this thin girl over and telling me I had a week to prove I could do it. givingputtingbuyingselecting/ having selectedemployingbeing attackedrepairingbecomingwanderinglooking(11)When I arrived home，my daughter pretended to be practising （play）the piano.(12) In t

53、his way，you are able to keep it on your radar for a while without （feel） pressured. (13) She suggested us （go）to the Great Wall for the spring outing.(14) The advisor spent much time （observe）every students characters.完成句子完成句子(15) In the face of the big fire，many people in the fire-stricken areas mo

54、ved out to （逃避被大火燒到）.(16) I didnt mean （吃東西）but the ice cream looked so good that I _（忍不住嘗了嘗）.(17) In my mind，they help us to become calm and （考慮要去贏） and solving real problems as well.(18) She is very proud and cant stand （被瞧不起）by others.playing feelinggoingobservingescape being burned to eat anythi

55、ng couldnt help trying it consider winningbeing looked down upon5 動詞動詞 -ing 形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語動詞 -ing 形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，賓語與賓補(bǔ)是主動關(guān)系。（1） 作動詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語 能跟動詞 -ing 形式作賓補(bǔ)，常見的感官動詞有：see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find， listen to，look at，notice，observe；其他動詞有 set，keep，have，get，leave，catch 等。 They use computers to keep the traff

56、ic running smoothly. 他們使用電腦來保持交通暢通。 【誤區(qū)警示誤區(qū)警示】 感官動詞后用 doing 作賓補(bǔ)表示動作正在進(jìn)行；用 do 作賓補(bǔ)表示動作的全過程。 I saw Linda whispering to Danny. 我看見琳達(dá)正在和丹尼交頭接耳。（表示動作正在進(jìn)行） I saw Linda whisper to Danny. 我看見琳達(dá)和丹尼交頭接耳。（表示動作的全過程） 有些動詞，如 regard，describe，accept，think of，look on 后，可由as 引出動詞-ing 形式 作賓補(bǔ)。 They describe the film sta

57、rring Louis as being attractive. 他們說那部由路易斯主演的影片很吸引人。（2）作介詞 with 的賓補(bǔ) 在 “with+ 賓語 +doing” 結(jié)構(gòu)中，doing 表示主動或進(jìn)行。 With the final exam approaching，the students are studying harder. 由于期末考試要到了，學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)更加努力了。 【誤區(qū)警示誤區(qū)警示】 “with+ 賓語 +done”表示被動或完成；“with+ 賓語 +to do”表示尚未發(fā)生。 He lay in bed with his eyes focused on the ce

58、iling.他躺在床上，眼睛盯著天花板。 With an interview to take，he felt a little nervous.要參加面試，他感到有點(diǎn)兒緊張。單句語法填空單句語法填空(1)We shouldnt keep him （continue）to waste his time playing games.(2) When I came in，I saw Linda （comfort） the crying girl.(3) Chinas image is improving steadily，with more countries （recognize） its rol

59、e in international affairs.(4) After the party，most guests left，with only two of them （remain） in the host family，helping her clean up.(5) The young man was caught （steal）his neighbours water pump.(6) The living room is clean and tidy，with a Christmas tree （stand）in the middle.(7) He was just about

60、to sit down when he felt something （move）near his feet.(8) Hearing the scream，the operator rushed out，leaving the machine still（run）.(9) We held our breath when watching the doctor （deal ） with the swollen skin. continuingcomfortingrecognizingremainingstealingstandingmoving runningdealing6 動詞動詞 -ing