名詞性從句的連接詞選用

1、名詞性從句的連接詞選用名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的詞通有連詞that，whether，連接副詞how,when,where等。（注：if不能引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。）。在各種考試中，其最主要的考查內(nèi)容為連接詞的選用。名詞性從句的連接詞可細(xì)分為以下四種：（1）以that來引導(dǎo)從句；（2）以whether/if引導(dǎo)從句；（3）以特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)從句；（4） 以關(guān)系代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)從句。一、以that引導(dǎo)從句當(dāng)從句的意思已完整時(shí)，名詞性從句用that引導(dǎo)，that在從句中不作任何句子成分，僅起連接作用。如：It is certa in that he will do w

2、ell in his new job.（主語(yǔ)從句）Do you know that he has bee n admitted to Beiji ng Uni versity?（賓語(yǔ)從句）My decisi on is that we are to start at 6 tomorrow morning.（表語(yǔ)從句）The n ews that our team had won the game excited everybody. （同位語(yǔ)從句）當(dāng)用that引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)，需注意以下情況：1 在主語(yǔ)從句中，that 一般不可省略，尤其是當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，它絕對(duì)不可省略。 如：That our

3、 team had won the game was good n ews to us.2. 在賓語(yǔ)從句中，that可省略。但當(dāng)句中有兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)第二個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句 的that不可省略。如：Everybody knows （that） the earth goes round the sun.Everyone knew what happe ned and that she was worried.3. 當(dāng)句子是以it作形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的that不可省略。如：He has made it clear that he will not give in.4. that 一般不能引

4、導(dǎo)介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句，偶爾可在except, but, besides和in （在于；在方 面）的后面引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，that不可省略。如：Your homework is quite good except that you have made two small mistakes.The reas on lies in that she works harder tha n the others do.He differed from other people in that he always looked farther ahead in his work.在其它介詞后面需要用that引導(dǎo)賓

5、語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，必須用 it作形式賓語(yǔ)。如：You may depe nd on it that I shall always help you.5 .在表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中，that不可省略。如：My advice is that you must give up smok ing right now.The fact that he is a thief shocked all of us.二、以 whether/if引導(dǎo)從句引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的 whether/if意為"是否”。在使用時(shí)，要注意兩者存在以下區(qū)別。1. 在主語(yǔ)從句中，whether既可引導(dǎo)位于句首的主語(yǔ)從句，也可引導(dǎo)用i

6、t作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ) 從句，而if只能引導(dǎo)以it作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句。如：Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.It is doubtful whether/if the work can be completed on time.2. 在賓語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)其后緊跟or not時(shí)，只能用whether，不能用if。如：I don ' t care whether/if he comes or not.I don ' t care whether or not he comes.3. 在介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中，只能用w

7、hether，不能用if。如：It all depe nds on whether they will come back.4. 在表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中，只能用 whether，不能用if。如：The problem is whether the money will be eno ugh.I have no idea whether the money will be eno ugh.三、以特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)從句英語(yǔ)中所有用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句的特殊疑問詞均可以用來引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，其選擇取決于從句句意的需要。如：It remained unknown who （誰(shuí)） let out the n e

8、ws.I don ' t know what （什么）I was thinking of.The problem is where （哪里）we should stay.My question how （怎樣）I shall get in touch with him has not been answered.選擇特殊疑問詞需注意的情況：1. 要注意特殊疑問詞在從句中所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞郑阂蓡柎~可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，而疑問副詞（where, when, why, how ）只能作狀語(yǔ)。如:I can' t imagine who did it.（作主語(yǔ)）I can' t

9、 imagine how he did it. （作狀語(yǔ)）2. Who在從句中既能作主語(yǔ)，也能作賓語(yǔ)，而whom只能作賓語(yǔ)。如：It has n ' t bee n decided who will man age the compa ny.They haven ' t decided whom they should help.四、以關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)從句用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句又可稱作名詞性關(guān)系從句，因?yàn)樗鼘?shí)際上是先行詞與在其后的定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)合。引導(dǎo)這種名詞性從句的關(guān)系詞有：what（=the thi ng that）, whoever（=a nyone who）,whicheve

10、r（=anyone/anything that）, where（=the place where）, when（=the time when） 等。如： What they n eed is a good rest.I can judge by what I know of him.Whoever did this job must be rewarded.Whichever he likes will be give n to him.We shall not forget whe n the meet ing will be held.She walked up to where he s

11、tood.用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)需要注意wh-ever與no matter wh-的區(qū)別。Wh-ever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，又可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；而no matter wh-只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。如：Whatever I said, he wouldn ' t listen to me. （=No matter what I said, he wouldn' t listen to me.）（引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）He would believe whatever I said.（引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句）Whichever/No matter which you choose, the others will be offen ded.Take whichever you like.這里句中的 whichever在不能用 no matter what替換最后，關(guān)于名詞性從句的連接詞要指出的是，根據(jù)句意，引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的還可以是as if/asthough, because, as 如：It looks/s