被動語態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(共7頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上初中被動語態(tài)講解及配套練習(xí)一、 主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的概念：英語動詞的語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者被動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的承受者(常常沒在有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者情況下使用)例：They speak English. （主動語態(tài)） 主 謂 賓 English is spoken by them. （被動語態(tài)） 主 謂 介詞短語注：及物動詞有被動語態(tài)，不及物動詞必須帶有介詞才可以有被動語態(tài)。例：We listen to the teacher carefully in class. 主 謂 賓The teacher is listened to by us

2、 carefully in class. 主 謂 介詞短語 e laughed at him . He was laughed at by us.二、 被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)與用法：結(jié)構(gòu)：be +done (過去分詞)被動語態(tài)中的be為助動詞，無意義。be可能是am , is , are也可能是was ,were或原形be。注：被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)是由be的時態(tài)決定的，be是什么時態(tài)，全句就是什么時態(tài)，be后面的過去分詞不變。用法：例：istory is made by the people. (一般現(xiàn)在時) he cars were made in Tianjing in 1995. (一般過去時) Th

3、e tree will be cut down next year.(一般將來時) he room must be kept clean.（含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)） The door is being opened.（現(xiàn)在進行時） The film has been seen by me.（現(xiàn)在完成時）注：我們初中主要掌握前面四種的用法時 態(tài) 動詞的被動形式例句一般現(xiàn)在時 is done He is asked to do this.一般過去時 was done The story was told by her mother.一般將來時 will be done The problem wi

4、ll be discussed tomorrow.現(xiàn)在進行時 is being done The novel is being written.過去進行時 was being done At that time the desk was being made.現(xiàn)在完成時 has been done The house has been built.過去完成時 had been done They said that their work had been finished.過去將來時 would be done He said the trees would be planted soon.三

5、、 被動語態(tài)的各種句型：、 he song is liked by young people. (肯定句)、 he song isnt liked by young people（否定句）、 Is the song liked by young people ?（一般疑問句）、 Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked?（特殊疑問句）四、 主動語態(tài)改被動語態(tài)的方法：方法分為三步：把原句中的賓語改成主語 動詞改為變動形式be done(同時注意時態(tài)) 原來的主語如果需要的話放在介詞by后面，以指明做事的 人或物，如果沒有必要則省去例

6、：The man killed a tiger. A tiger was killed by the man .(改的過程中要注意時態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個方面)五、 特殊句型的被動語態(tài)：含有使役動詞（make /let /have）或感官動詞（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch,feel等）的句子，在主動語態(tài)中這些詞后常跟不帶to的動詞不定式，但是在改成被動語態(tài)時，則一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help這一個詞在主動語態(tài)中后面的動詞不定式可以帶to,也可不帶to, 但在被動語態(tài)中也必須把to加上去。例：Mother often makes me do

7、 some housework. I am often made to do some housework by mother. We saw him run into the classroom. He was seen to run into the classroom by us.teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell等動詞常常帶有兩個賓語（雙賓語：直接賓語和間接賓語），改為被動語態(tài)時，兩個賓語可以選其中任一個作主語。如果直接賓語被提前作主語，那么間接賓語（一般是人）前要加相應(yīng)的介詞to/for。例：he gave me a pen.= She gave a

8、 pen to me. I was given a pen by her. A pen was given to me by her.My father bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me. I was bought a new bike by my father. A new bike was bought for me by my father.由不及物動詞（vi）+介詞/副詞賓語的句子改成被動語態(tài)時，介詞或副詞不能丟掉。(前面已舉過兩例)例：e should speak to old people polit

9、ely. Old people should be spoken to politely ( by us). He took away the box. The box was taken away by him.含有賓語補足語的句子改為變動語態(tài)。（賓補放在原來位置不變）例：We call him Xiao Ma. 主 謂 賓 賓補e is called Xiao Ma by us. He found the book very interesting. The book was found very interesting by him.六、 沒有被動語態(tài)的動詞：1. 沒有被動語態(tài)的詞， 表

10、示狀態(tài)或特征的及物動詞如 cost, fit, have, suit等沒有被動形式，另外，諸如happen = take place, break out(爆發(fā))，break down(壞了) 等不及物動詞或短語以及諸如result from(緣于)，belong to, consist of等只用主動語態(tài)，而不用被動語態(tài)不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態(tài): appear,die ,disappear, end (vi. 結(jié)束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（傳播）, stand, come true, fall asleep, .大多數(shù)系動詞：be

11、, feel (摸起來)，sound(聽起來)，look(看起來)，smell(聞起來) taste（嘗起來）等詞無被動語態(tài)，它們的主動形式表示被動意義。例：he skirt feels very soft. 這件裙子摸起來很柔軟。Many changes have happened in our hometown. The film lasted for 3 hours.被動語態(tài)配套練習(xí)一、單項選擇。(   )1. One or two man-made satellites _ in our country every year.    A

12、. have been sent up     B. will be sent up  C. is sent up       D. are sent up(   )2. Our TV set _ yesterday.    A. is repaired    B. was repaired   C. had been repaired     D

13、. would be repaired(   )3. A new building _ in our school next year.    A. will be built     B. is built      C. is being built      D. has been built(   )4. Many books on science _ since I

14、went to college.    A. were bought      B. have been bought     C, will be bought    D. are bought(   )5. A wonderful English talk _ by Mr Liu tomorrow.    A. has been given     B.

15、 is given       C. is being given        D. will be given(   )6. How _ the Great Pyramid (金字塔)_ many years ago without modern machines.    A. isbuilt      B. wouldbe built 

16、60;    C. havebeen built     D. wasbuilt(   ) Food and clothes _ by women.A is often talk about            B. are often talked         C. are often talked about

17、         D. often talked about(   )8. _ the work _ yet ?    A. isfinished               B. Willbe finished C. Has been finished    

18、0;    D. Wouldbe finished(   )9.Such films _ by children like you.A. must be not seen             B. must not be see        C. must not seen      

19、;         D. must not be seen(   )10.Trees _ in winter but in spring.A. not can be planted           B. can be not planted          C. cant be planted 

20、;            D. can not be plant(   )11.This kind of cars _ in Japan ten years ago.     A. can only be made          B. could only made      

21、;  C. be could only made        D. could only be made(   ) 12.Jack often does things foolishly, so he _ sometimes _ by others.A. islaughed                   B.

22、is laughed at            C. waslaughed                 D. hasbeen laughed at(   )13.The bear _ to the zoo tomorrow morning.      A

23、. may be send     B. may is sent       C. may be sent       D. is may sent(   )14. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildings _ in our city.     A. are put up     

24、               B. have put up           C. have been put                 D. have been put up( &

25、#160; )15. Such films _ by children like you.      A. must be not seen             B. must not be see    C. must not seen              

26、 D. must not be seen二、用所給動詞的正確時態(tài)和語態(tài)填空。1. Some top students _(send) to study in foreign countries once a year.2.More and more schools _(build) here later.3. Where are the apples? I think they _(eat) by those boys.4.Many new things _(invent) in the last ten years.5.All the shoes _(sell) out last

27、week.6.How long _ the book _(can keep)?7. Tom _ (hide) his shoes behind the tree. So they _(not find) easily.8.The babies here _(take) good care of every day.9. We _(open) the box and two new coats _(see) in it.10. His new novel _ (finish) next week.三 根據(jù)短文意思填空English _(be) very widely _(use). It _(s

28、peak) by people in England, the United States, Australia, and many other countries. It _(be) one of the working languages at international meetings. Most international business letters _(write) in English. And quite a few books and magazines _(write) in English, too. If you _(know) English, you _(find) you can _(enjoy) so many books. English _(be) really a bridge to so much knowledge.四 將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)1.Many people speak English.2.People used knives for cutting things.3.We can use the box as a table.4.We should clean the classroom every day.5.She will repair the bike tomorr