【英語】高中英語非謂語動詞解題技巧講解及練習(xí)題(含答案)

1、【英語】高中英語非謂語動詞解題技巧講解及練習(xí)題( 含答案 )一、單項選擇非謂語動詞1 Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in ashort period.A improvedB improvingC to improveD improve【答案】A【解析】賓語written English 與 improve 之間為動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補。2 on this report ， the English government decided to ask Captain

2、James Cook to goand look for this continent.A Having basedB BasingC BasedD To be based【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語動詞。be based on以 為基礎(chǔ)。在句中作狀語，故用其 based。選Q3 the pictures on the screen more clearly, they moved to the front row.A To watch B WatchingC Watched D Having watched【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了更清楚的看屏幕上的圖片，他們移到了前排。表

3、示目的用不定式，故選A。4 With the homework , the students can go to have a picnic.A being done B doneC doing D to do【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：做完作業(yè)后，學(xué)生們就可以去野餐了。此處是with 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，homework 和動詞 do 是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞表被動，指作業(yè)被做，過去分詞在句中作賓補。故選B?！久麕燑c睛】with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)“withM合結(jié)構(gòu)”也是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的一種，同樣十分重要。在句中表示 原因，結(jié)果，伴隨，方式”等情況。(1)with + 賓語+ 形容詞The child

4、ren were listening to the teacher with their eyes wide open. (表伴隨)(2)with + 賓語+ 介詞短語The old man used to take a walk with a stick in his hand.（表方式）（3）with +賓語+副詞The proud girl walked away with her head up.（表方式）（4）with +賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞Mary felt very shy with so many eyes looking at her. （表原因）（5）with +賓語+過去分詞I

5、f you sit looking away from a person, or with your back turned, you are saying you are not interested in that person. （表方式）本題就是考查此結(jié)構(gòu)，homework和動詞do是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞表被動，指作業(yè)被 做，過去分詞在句中作賓補。（6）with +賓語+不定式With too much work to do the next day, he felt anxious and didn ' t sleep wel原因） 一般說來，with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)放在句末多表示伴

6、隨狀況；若放在句首，則多表示 原因”或 條 件”，例如：With her mother away from home, the little girl felt lonely.由于她媽媽不在家，這個女孩感到很孤單。With the guide leading the way, I had no difficulty finding their village.因為向?qū)?，我沒怎么費事就找到了他們的村子。5 the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.A. FindB. FindingC. To findD.

7、Found【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：在發(fā)現(xiàn)課程非常難的同時，她決定轉(zhuǎn)移到較低層次。find與主語是邏輯主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞，表主動和進行，做伴隨狀語。故選 Bo【點睛】首先要分析句子知道非謂語動詞是做的什么成分，然后根據(jù)和修飾語的關(guān)系決定是現(xiàn)在分 詞還是過去分詞或者不定式。這題是做伴隨狀語，she和find是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語。6 Volunteering gives you a chance lives, including your own.A. changeB. changingC. changedD. to change【答案】D 【解析】 【詳解】考

8、查非謂語動詞。句意：做志愿者工作給你一個改變生活的機會，包括你自己的生活。名D。詞 chance 后面通常用動詞不定式作后置定語。故選7 I got to the office earlier that day, the 7 ： 30 train from Paddington.A caughtB to have caughtC to catchD having caught【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：那天我早到了辦公室，因為趕上了7:30 那趟來自帕丁頓的火車。分析句子可知，catch 用非謂語動詞形式，catch 發(fā)生在 got 之前，應(yīng)該用完成式，與主語I是主

9、動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時，having caught表示原因，相當(dāng)于 because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。故選D。8 （福建） basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A KnownB Having knownC KnowingD Being known【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動名詞。句意：了解基本的急救知識可以幫助您快速應(yīng)對緊急情況。分析句子成分，謂語是will help ,所以前面的是主語，用動名詞做主語，故選 C項。9 "We can't go out in t

10、his weather, "said Bob, out of the window.A lookingB to lookC lookedD having looked【答案】A【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語。句意：Bob 看著窗外說：“這樣的天氣我們不能出去”。本句中l(wèi)ook與 said 是同時進行，we 與 look 之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。故選A。10 （天津）I didn't mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that Icouldn t helpit.A to eat； to t

11、ry B eating； tryingC eating； to try D to eat； trying【答案】D【解析】考查短語固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何東西，但冰淇淋看起來如此的好以至于我忍不住的要試一試。固定短語短語mean to do (打算做)，couldn ' teip doing忍不住做。故選D。點睛：本題考查動詞短語固定搭配。同學(xué)在平時學(xué)習(xí)中要多把握動詞不同搭配的不同含義，本題需要區(qū)分 "mean to do丁算做"與"mean doing味著做"和"can' t help to do s師能 幫助做“與&q

12、uot;couldn ' t help doing不住做”之間的含義。11 Tony, would you go and see if Sam has any difficulty his tape recorder?A to fix B fixingC for fixing D fix【答案】B【解析】考查短語：have difficulty (in )doing sth 做什么事情有困難，句意：托尼，你去看看薩姆再修他的錄音機方面有困難嗎？所以選B。12 Tom took a taxi to the airport, only his plane high up in the sk

13、y.A findingB to findC being foundD to have found【答案】B【解析】試題分析：考查不定式做結(jié)果狀語。句意：Tom 打的去了機場，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他要乘坐的飛機已經(jīng)在空中了。不定式做狀語時表示意料之外的結(jié)果。結(jié)合句意可知本題是一種意料之外的結(jié)果，故B 正確?？键c：考查不定式做結(jié)果狀語13 at the cafeteria before, Tina didn't want to eat there again.A Having eaten B To eatC Eat D Eating【答案】A【解析】試題分析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主句主語為Tina,前

14、半句為從句，應(yīng)該用非謂語動詞作狀語，故排除Co不定與主要表目的和將來，故排除B。主句主語和eat之間為主動關(guān)系，且eat 這個動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前，故要用現(xiàn)在分詞完成時表示。故選A?？键c：考查非謂語動詞作狀語14 （山東） There is a note pinned to the door when the shop will open again.A sayingB saysC saidD having said【答案】A【解析】試題分析：在這個句子中 note和say是主動關(guān)系，所以要用 saying。此處saying弓I導(dǎo)的句 子做伴隨狀語。句意為：門上釘著張紙條，寫著這家商店什么時

15、候再營業(yè)。故答案選A?？键c：考查非謂語動詞?！局R拓展】非謂語動詞的選擇要根據(jù)所填的動詞及它所要修飾的邏輯主語之間的關(guān)系確 定。doing表主動表進行；done表被動表完成；to do表目的表將來?！久麕燑c睛】本題考查非謂語。先把句子簡化： There is a note (which is pinned to the door) saying when the shop will open again.伴隨狀語是指狀語從句的動作伴隨主句發(fā)生，它所表達 的動作或狀態(tài)是伴隨著句子謂語動詞的動作而發(fā)生或存在的，本題考查的是現(xiàn)在分詞做伴 隨狀語，用ing形式?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語表示與主句的主語在邏輯上有主

16、謂關(guān)系，即表示主動意義；而過去分詞短語則表示與主句的主語在邏輯上是動賓關(guān)系，即被動意義；如：He wentto the classroom holding two books ; He went to the forest , followed by two dogs.15 that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she' d like that little doll on her bed.A. SeeingB. To seeC. SeeD. Seen【答案】A【解析】考查非謂語動詞的用法。本句的主語是I, I與See的意義的邏輯關(guān)系是

17、主動，也就是Seeing才能表示主語與非謂語的主動”的邏輯關(guān)系。16 After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on _all the people who had helped in her career.A. to thankB. thankingC. having thankedD. to have thanked【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：在獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角后，Anne Benedict繼續(xù)感謝所有幫助她演繹生涯的人。go on to do繼續(xù)做不同的事情，所以選Ao考點

18、：考查不定式【名師點睛】不定式有一些具體的用法，可以做賓語，定語，狀語。還有不定式的不同形式：to do ； to be doing ； to have done。這題要注意 go on to do繼續(xù)做不同的事情”和go on doing繼續(xù)做相同的事情”的區(qū)別。結(jié)合語境是關(guān)鍵。17 In 2012, Sun Yang became the first Chinese man an Olympic gold medal in swimming.A. winningB. to winC. having wonD. being won【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查不定式作定語。句意：在2012

19、年，孫楊成為第一個獲得奧運會游泳比賽金牌的中國男運動員。當(dāng)名詞前面有序數(shù)詞修飾或被修飾的詞就是序數(shù)詞的時候，通常要用不定式作定語。如 the first to come and the last to leave ，本句中Chinese man 前面有序數(shù)詞the first 修飾，所以后面要用不定式作定語。故B 項正確。18 I m afraid that I can t attend Tom s wedding party next weekend.A to be heldB being heldC heldD is to be held【答案】A【解析】試題分析：考查非謂語動詞作定語。句

20、子中已經(jīng)有了謂語can't attend ，故此處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞，首先排除 D。hold與party構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，但 ABC答案均表被動。因此再根據(jù)時間 狀語next weekend可確定填不定式表將來，故選 A?？疾榉侵^語動詞作定語時，要注意看 與所修飾名詞之間的關(guān)系，判斷是主動還是被動。同時還要注意從時間上判定，不定式作 定語表將來，現(xiàn)在分詞表進行，過去分詞表完成?？键c：考查非謂語動詞作定語。19 （天津）I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs.A taking B takenC being taken

21、 D take【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我需要一個新護照，所以我將不得不拍照片。本題考查非謂語動詞作賓語補足語，賓語my photograph 與補足語之間為被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓語補足語。C項表示正在進行。故選 Bo點睛：本題考查的非謂語動詞為高中重點語法之一。在分析題目的時候，首先要抓住非謂語動詞在句中所作的成分，找出該非謂語動詞所對應(yīng)的邏輯主語，再分析二者之間的關(guān) 系，最后根據(jù)句意選擇正確的答案。20 Mark often attempts to escape whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A having been fi

22、nedB being finedC to have been finedD to be fined【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查escape的用法。句意：馬克經(jīng)常試圖逃脫罰款，每當(dāng)他違反交通規(guī)則的時候。escapedoing sth 逃脫、避免干某事。故選B。taste.21 It is said that to classic music may be helpful in improving teenagersB exposingC being exposedD having exposedA exposed【答案】C【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：據(jù)說接觸古典音樂對提高青少

23、年的品味是有幫助的。分析句子可知，從句中的主語是to classic music， 作主語用動名詞短語，expose 與邏輯主語teenagers 是被動關(guān)系，故用動名詞的被動式，故選C。22 their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.A To throwB ThrownC Being thrownD Throwing【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語。句意：獲勝球隊的粉絲把帽子扔到天空，他們發(fā)出勝利的歡呼。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號前的部分充當(dāng)狀語，故

24、用非謂語動詞，the fans 和 throw 是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故選D。23 If you go to Xi an, you ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly A supposingB supposeC to supposeD supposed【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：如果你去西安，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)那里的宮殿比通常想象的要宏偉。補充完成句子是you ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly (the palaces

25、are)supposed. the palaces 和 suppose 是被動的關(guān)系， 省略 the palaces are。故選 D。24 Volunteering gives you a chance lives, including your own.A changeB changingC changedD to change【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：做志愿者工作給你一個改變生活的機會，包括你自己的生活。名詞chance后面通常用動詞不定式作后置定語。故選 D。25 .Ladex does ' t feeJJikabroad.Her parents are

26、old.A. studyB. studyingC. studiedD. to study【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：Ladex不喜歡去國外學(xué)習(xí)，她的父母老了。 feel like doing sth.喜歡做某事”，是固定短語，故用動名詞作賓語。故選 Bo26 （2009 陜西高考）I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A. to takeB. to be takenC. takingD. being taken【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我仍舊記得被帶去法門寺和在那里看到的。r

27、emember to dosth.記得要做某事（該動作未發(fā)生）"；remember doing sth.記得做過某事（該動作已經(jīng)發(fā) 生）”。依據(jù)后文的“what I saw there可知這里說的是記得已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作；再者 take的賓語 就是句子的主語，二者之間是動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動形式，所以選 being taken。故選D。27 I looked up and noticed a snake its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A. to windB. windC. windingD. wound【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂

28、語動詞。句意：我抬頭向上看，注意到一條蛇正在蜿蜒向樹上爬來獲取它的早餐。分析句子可知，wind its way作賓語補足語，winding its way與賓語snake之間為主動關(guān)系且此動作正在進行，故選 a28 Peter was so excited he received an invitation from his friendChongqing.A. that; to visit B . when; to visitC. that; visiting D . when; visiting【答案】B【解析】考查不定式和狀語從句。句意：彼得收到朋友邀請他訪問重慶的請?zhí)麜r激動不已。Whe

29、n引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句；to visit 限定 invitation 做后置定語。Visiting 限定 friend 做后置定語，句意改變了。選B。29 By no means when we try to create a global brand.A the cultural factor is to neglect8 is the cultural factor to neglectC the cultural factor is to be neglectedD is the cultural factor to be neglected【答案】D【解析】【詳

30、解】考查倒裝句型及語態(tài)。句意：在打造國際品牌的過程中，文化因素絕對不容忽視。By nomeans絕不”位于句首時，后面需要部分倒裝，因此將 is提前；文化因素是被忽略的，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故選D。30 （天津）I didn't mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that Icouldn t helpit.Ato eat；to tryBeating；tryingCeating；to tryD to eat；trying【答案】D【解析】考查短語固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何東西，但冰淇淋看起來如此的好以至于我忍不住的要試一試。固定短

31、語短語 mean to do （打算做），couldn ' t help doin犯不住做。故選D。點睛：本題考查動詞短語固定搭配。同學(xué)在平時學(xué)習(xí)中要多把握動詞不同搭配的不同含義，本題需要區(qū)分"mean to do丁算做"與"mean doingit味著做"和"can' t help to do sth.能幫助做“與"couldn ' t help doing不住做”之間的含義。31 I'm calling to enquire about the position in yesterday's

32、 China Daily.A advertisedB to be advertisedC advertisingD having advertised【答案】A【解析】【詳解】A 句意：我打電話來咨詢一下昨天中國日報上刊登職位的信息。the position 與 advertise是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作定語。此處的過去分詞可以理解為一個定語從句which wasadvertised。32 A great number of students said they were forced to practice the piano.B to be questionedD questioningA

33、 to question C questioned 【答案】C【解析】 【詳解】考查過去分詞作定語。句意：很多被詢問的學(xué)生都說他們是被迫去練鋼琴的。students 與question 構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，表示被詢問的學(xué)生。B 項不定式表示將來,，而本句表示的是已經(jīng)被詢問。故選C 項。33 with all sorts of affairs, the manager had little time to have a good sleep.A OccupyingB Being occupiedC OccupiedD Having occupied【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：由于經(jīng)

34、理忙于各種事務(wù)，幾乎沒有時間好好睡一覺?！敖?jīng)理 ”和 “占用 ”之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞作原因狀語，故選C。34 that the govemment can lead them out of the financial crisis, people areoptimistic about the future of the country.A ConvincingB ConvincedC To convinceD Having convinced【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：確信政府會帶領(lǐng)他們走出經(jīng)濟危機，人們對國家的未來很樂觀。B.Convinced adj.確信的；深信的；A. C

35、onvincing adj.令人信服的；C. To convince使確信，不定式 表目的；Convince使確信，該句中意思為使人們相信，故對people來說是被動的，故應(yīng)選 convinced 選B?？键c：考查非謂語動詞的用法。35 A case of suspected food poisoning in New York has led to 6 high school students tohospital.A being sentB sentC sendingD to be sent【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：紐約一個疑似食品中毒的案件已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致6 名高中生被送到醫(yī)院了。Lea

36、dto “導(dǎo)致 ”其中的 to 是介詞，后面接動名詞的符合結(jié)構(gòu)：邏輯主語(6 high school students)+動名詞，因為students 和 send 是被動關(guān)系，用動名詞的被動，選A?？键c：考查動名詞的被動36 The news said that the death toll in the tsunami in Indonesia had climbed over 400, with a lot more reported.A. to miss B. to have been missing C. having missed D. missing 【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考

37、查動詞不定式。句意：新聞報道稱，印尼海嘯造成的死亡人數(shù)已攀升至 400多人，據(jù)報 道還有更多人失蹤。分析句子可知，be reported to do sth 被報道做某事”為固定短語，且在本句中被應(yīng)用到 with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中。本句中表示 “be missing發(fā)生在"report之前，所以 用動詞不定式的完成時。故 B選項正確?！军c睛】動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)動詞不定式有一般式、進行式、完成式、完成進行式四種時態(tài)變化形式，一般式和完成式 有被動語態(tài)變化形式。1）不定式的時態(tài)意義不定式的時態(tài)是以句中謂語動詞的時間為依據(jù)的。不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的動作或狀態(tài)通常發(fā)生在謂語動詞之后

38、或同時發(fā)生不定式的進行式不定式的進行式表示其動作正在進行，與謂語動詞發(fā)生的動作同時進行。不定式的完成式不定式的完成時表達下列意義：a.不定式的完成式所表示的動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前。b.用在 intended, expected, meant, hoped, promised, planned, wished, thought, desired, was, were等詞后，不定式的完成式表示未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望、期待、想法、打算或計劃等。to have+過去分詞表示動作，to have been表示狀態(tài)。C 用在 seem, appear, thing, consider, believe 等后，表示一個動作先于另一個動作發(fā)生。不定式的完成進行式表示動作在謂語動詞之前發(fā)生，而且一直進行著。come +不定式表示一個動作發(fā)生的過程He will