中考英語任務(wù)型英語閱讀理解題解題技巧

1、中考英語任務(wù)型英語閱讀理解題解題技巧任務(wù)型閱讀理解 失分分析 解題技巧初中英語新課標(biāo)倡導(dǎo)任務(wù)型的教學(xué)模式，讓學(xué)生通過體驗、實(shí)踐、參與、合作、交流和探究等方式，學(xué)習(xí)和使用英語，完成學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)，促進(jìn)語言實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力的提高。中考英語任務(wù)型閱讀就是在遵循“課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)任務(wù)型教學(xué)設(shè)計而成的一種新題型。該題型要求學(xué)生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上，去完成一項任務(wù)或解決一個問題，它主要考查學(xué)生根據(jù)所提供語言信息具體解決實(shí)際問題的能力，即考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用語言“做事”的能力；同時還注重考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解、書面表達(dá)、歸納概括、分析理解、邏輯推理及社會生活知識的綜合運(yùn)用能力。任務(wù)型閱讀理解題題型豐富，近年來考查形式大致如下

2、：回答問題型、判斷正誤型、閱讀填空型、閱讀排序型、閱讀改寫句子型、看圖推斷型。試題既可以按照其中一種形式出現(xiàn)，也可以混合出現(xiàn)。讀寫結(jié)合，既增加了試題的難度和區(qū)分度，又有效的促進(jìn)英語學(xué)習(xí)朝著實(shí)用性方向發(fā)展，符合了新課改的要求。 考查近幾年的中考英語任務(wù)型閱讀理解試題后不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，閱讀內(nèi)容難度整體適中，易于理解，題目設(shè)計既不是很直接呈現(xiàn)答案，也不增添解題的彎度。但實(shí)際操作解題過程中，卻很容易犯這樣或那樣的錯誤，從而導(dǎo)致了很多不必要的失分。因此，我們有必要讓學(xué)生對任務(wù)型閱讀有較全面的了解，熟練掌握任務(wù)型閱讀的解題技巧。下面，筆者將結(jié)合學(xué)生答題常見錯誤進(jìn)一步具體深入解析。一、明確任務(wù)，關(guān)注題后要求實(shí)例一

3、：（2009山東泰安）閱讀下面的短文，并完成短文后的任務(wù)。Waste can be seen everywhere in the school. Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say they can afford these things. But I dont agree with them. Waste can bring a lot of problem

4、s. Although China is rich in some resources (資源), we are short of others, for example, fresh water. It is reported that we will have no coal or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on wasting our resources, what can we use in the future and where can we move? Think about it. (3) I think we should sa

5、y no to the students who waste things every day. Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible. In our everyday life, we can do many things to prevent (阻止) waste from happening, for example, turn off the water taps when we finish washing, turn off the lights when we leave the classroom, try not

6、to order more food than we need, and so on. Little by little, everything will be changed. (4) Waste can be stopped one day, if we do our best. 任務(wù)1：根據(jù)要求答題。(請注意問題后的詞數(shù)要求)1. List the wastes mentioned in the first passage: (within 15 words)_2. What problems can waste bring? (within 20 words)(1) _(2) _任務(wù)2

7、：將短文中劃線的句子翻譯成漢語。3. _4. _任務(wù)3：請給短文擬一個適當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題：(within 5 words)5. _【答案】1. ask for more food，forget to turn off the lights 2. (1) Well be short of resources.(fresh water, coal or oil.) (2) Well have nothing to use and nowhere to move./What can we use in the future and where can we move?3. 我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該對那些天天浪費(fèi)東西的

8、學(xué)生說不。4. 如果我們都盡力的話，將來有一天浪費(fèi)就不會發(fā)生了。5. Stop wasting/No more wasting分析：這道中考題形式多樣，在同一道題中出現(xiàn)了收集并整理信息、回答問題、翻譯句子、擬標(biāo)題等多項任務(wù)。因此，在未讀材料之前，應(yīng)仔細(xì)閱讀所給任務(wù)，做到心中有數(shù)，避免答非所問，從而有效的提高做題的效率和準(zhǔn)確率。另外，仔細(xì)閱讀后不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，任務(wù)1和任務(wù)3題后還有額外的附加要求（within 15 words，within 20 words，within 5 words)，考生稍加馬虎，答題字?jǐn)?shù)就容易超出警戒線！如多于任務(wù)一的作答，考生很易寫上: Some students ask

9、for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom.（共24詞）二、）對照原文，作答適當(dāng)修改（2009甘肅蘭州）.At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended(冒犯). 任務(wù)2. When you find you make a mistak

10、e in the chat room, what should you do?_此題考生容易直接抄寫原句，而忘記應(yīng)將人稱適當(dāng)調(diào)整，答為：if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended.附答案：I should correct myself and apologize to those that I have offended.任務(wù)型閱讀理解不但考查學(xué)生閱讀理解的能力，還考查學(xué)生寫的能力，所謂讀寫結(jié)合。所以在寫的過程中就應(yīng)特別注意書寫規(guī)范：單詞

11、的首字母是否應(yīng)大寫，單詞拼寫無誤，單詞的詞形、詞性，句子的語法準(zhǔn)確，時態(tài)語態(tài)正確，固定搭配等等。在翻譯句子時尤其要慎重，結(jié)合語境，反復(fù)斟酌，努力做到萬無一失。下面是一道滿分為10分的試題， 每題2分。Do you think about your parents? “ Yes, of course.” You may answer, “ I buy a present for my mother on Mothers Day. And I give my father a present on Fathers Day.?Then what about the other days of a y

12、ear? Always remember to think about your parents. Not just on some important days.I have a friend. She lives alone. Her parents live in another city.One day I went to see her. We had a nice chat. Then she wanted to make a call. She dialed( 撥打電話) the number, but then put the phone down. After ten sec

13、onds, she dialed the number again. “ Hi, mom” Later I asked, “ Why did you dial the number twice?”She smiled, “ My parents are old. They cant be quick to answer a call. (1)I always do so when I call them. I just want to give them enough time.”My friend is a good girl. She is always thinking about he

14、r parents. You also want to be a good child, right? (2)why，her, learn ,So , not, from?1. How should we really think about our parents?答案一：Not just on some important days.分析：回答不完整，不能完全覆蓋答題的信息。 不能得分。答案二：To always remember to think about your parents.分析：問題是對方式狀語提問，而答句則以目的狀語形式出現(xiàn)，盡管意思表達(dá)明白，但只能得1分。因此，回答句子一

15、定要依據(jù)問句的形式和內(nèi)容答題。答案三：We should remember to think about your parents.分析：回歸語境不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，答句漏掉一個關(guān)鍵詞：always.只能得一分。2. Why did the girl dial the phone number twice?答案：Her parents are old. They cant be quick to answer a call. She just wants to give them enough time.分析：問題是一般過去時態(tài)，答句也必須在原文的基礎(chǔ)上適當(dāng)調(diào)整。這樣的作答只能得一分。3. What d

16、o you think of the girl?答案：She is a good girl and care about her parents.分析：答句是一個并列句，care 應(yīng)使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，給一分。4. 將文中劃線的句子(1)譯成漢語。答案一：我總是這樣做，當(dāng)我打電話給他們時。分析：答案不符合漢語正常語序，給一分。答案二：當(dāng)我打電話給他們時，我經(jīng)常這樣做。分析：答案未將單詞always準(zhǔn)確譯出， 扣0.5分。答案三：當(dāng)我打給他們時，我總是這樣做。分析：答案過于口語化，表達(dá)不清晰，給1分。5. 將文中劃線部分（2）連成一句話。答案：So, why not learn from he

17、r.分析：答句句末應(yīng)為問號，扣0.5分。（2009山東泰安）閱讀下面的短文，并完成短文后的任務(wù)。Waste can be seen everywhere in the school. Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom. They say they can afford these things. But I dont agree with them. Waste can bri

18、ng a lot of problems. Although China is rich in some resources (資源), we are short of others, for example, fresh water. It is reported that we will have no coal or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on wasting our resources, what can we use in the future and where can we move? Think about it. (3) I

19、 think we should say no to the students who waste things every day. Everybody should stop wasting as soon as possible. In our everyday life, we can do many things to prevent (阻止) waste from happening, for example, turn off the water taps when we finish washing, turn off the lights when we leave the

20、classroom, try not to order more food than we need, and so on. Little by little, everything will be changed. (4) Waste can be stopped one day, if we do our best. 任務(wù)1：根據(jù)要求答題。(請注意問題后的詞數(shù)要求)1. List the wastes mentioned in the first passage: (within 15 words)_2. What problems can waste bring? (within 20

21、words)(1) _(2) _任務(wù)2：將短文中劃線的句子翻譯成漢語。3. _4. _任務(wù)3：請給短文擬一個適當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題：(within 5 words)5. _【答案】1. ask for more food，forget to turn off the lights 2. (1) Well be short of resources.(fresh water, coal or oil.) (2) Well have nothing to use and nowhere to move./What can we use in the future and where can we move?3

22、. 我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該對那些天天浪費(fèi)東西的學(xué)生說不。4. 如果我們都盡力的話，將來有一天浪費(fèi)就不會發(fā)生了。5. Stop wasting/No more wasting分析：這道中考題形式多樣，在同一道題中出現(xiàn)了收集并整理信息、回答問題、翻譯句子、擬標(biāo)題等多項任務(wù)。因此，在未讀材料之前，應(yīng)仔細(xì)閱讀所給任務(wù)，做到心中有數(shù)，避免答非所問，從而有效的提高做題的效率和準(zhǔn)確率。另外，仔細(xì)閱讀后不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，任務(wù)1和任務(wù)3題后還有額外的附加要求（within 15 words，within 20 words，within 5 words)，考生稍加馬虎，答題字?jǐn)?shù)就容易超出警戒線！如多于任務(wù)一的作答，考生很易寫上:

23、 Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom.（共24詞）二、）對照原文，作答適當(dāng)修改（2009甘肅蘭州）.At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended(冒犯). 任務(wù)2. When you fin

24、d you make a mistake in the chat room, what should you do?_此題考生容易直接抄寫原句，而忘記應(yīng)將人稱適當(dāng)調(diào)整，答為：if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended.附答案：I should correct myself and apologize to those that I have offended.任務(wù)型閱讀理解不但考查學(xué)生閱讀理解的能力，還考查學(xué)生寫的能力，所謂讀寫結(jié)合。所以

25、在寫的過程中就應(yīng)特別注意書寫規(guī)范：單詞的首字母是否應(yīng)大寫，單詞拼寫無誤，單詞的詞形、詞性，句子的語法準(zhǔn)確，時態(tài)語態(tài)正確，固定搭配等等。在翻譯句子時尤其要慎重，結(jié)合語境，反復(fù)斟酌，努力做到萬無一失。下面是一道滿分為10分的試題， 每題2分。Do you think about your parents? “ Yes, of course.” You may answer, “ I buy a present for my mother on Mothers Day. And I give my father a present on Fathers Day.?Then what about th

26、e other days of a year? Always remember to think about your parents. Not just on some important days.I have a friend. She lives alone. Her parents live in another city.One day I went to see her. We had a nice chat. Then she wanted to make a call. She dialed( 撥打電話) the number, but then put the phone

27、down. After ten seconds, she dialed the number again. “ Hi, mom” Later I asked, “ Why did you dial the number twice?”She smiled, “ My parents are old. They cant be quick to answer a call. (1)I always do so when I call them. I just want to give them enough time.”My friend is a good girl. She is alway

28、s thinking about her parents. You also want to be a good child, right? (2)why，her, learn ,So , not, from?1. How should we really think about our parents?答案一：Not just on some important days.分析：回答不完整，不能完全覆蓋答題的信息。 不能得分。答案二：To always remember to think about your parents.分析：問題是對方式狀語提問，而答句則以目的狀語形式出現(xiàn)，盡管意思表

29、達(dá)明白，但只能得1分。因此，回答句子一定要依據(jù)問句的形式和內(nèi)容答題。答案三：We should remember to think about your parents.分析：回歸語境不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，答句漏掉一個關(guān)鍵詞：always.只能得一分。2. Why did the girl dial the phone number twice?答案：Her parents are old. They cant be quick to answer a call. She just wants to give them enough time.分析：問題是一般過去時態(tài)，答句也必須在原文的基礎(chǔ)上適當(dāng)調(diào)整。這

30、樣的作答只能得一分。3. What do you think of the girl?答案：She is a good girl and care about her parents.分析：答句是一個并列句，care 應(yīng)使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，給一分。4. 將文中劃線的句子(1)譯成漢語。答案一：我總是這樣做，當(dāng)我打電話給他們時。分析：答案不符合漢語正常語序，給一分。答案二：當(dāng)我打電話給他們時，我經(jīng)常這樣做。分析：答案未將單詞always準(zhǔn)確譯出， 扣0.5分。答案三：當(dāng)我打給他們時，我總是這樣做。分析：答案過于口語化，表達(dá)不清晰，給1分。5. 將文中劃線部分（2）連成一句話。答案：So, wh

31、y not learn from her.分析：答句句末應(yīng)為問號，扣0.5分A In the sea there are many islands. In its warm water there are some little ones. We call them "Coral islands". A coral island is very nice to look at. It looks like a ring of land with trees, grass and flowers on it. One part of the ring is open to t

32、he water. There is a little round lake inside the island. If you look into this lake, you will see beautiful coral. You may think they are flowers. If you look at a piece of coral, you will see many little holes in it. In each of these holes a very small sea animal has lived. These sea animals make

33、the coral. They began to build under the water. Year after year, the coral grew higher and higher. At last it grew out of the water. Then the sea brought it into small trees and something else. After some years, these things changed into earth. Sometimes the wind brought seeds to this earth. Sometim

34、es birds flew over it and brought seeds to the island. The little seeds grew. In a few years there were plants all over the island. In a few more years there were trees growing there. So you see, these islands were built little by little. The workers were very small. Do they not teach us a lesson? C

35、an you think what the lesson is? 56. A coral island looks like _. A. a round cake B. trees, grass and flowers C. a ring of land D. a round lake 57. There are _ in the holes in corals. A. flowers B. little corals C. grass D. sea animals 58. How did seeds of trees, grass and flowers come to the coral

36、islands? A. The wind and birds brought them to the coral islands. B. Only the wind brought them there. C. People brought them there. D. Fishes brought them there. 59. From the story we learn that _. A. Small workers can not do big thing. B. Only big workers can do big things. C. Small workers can do

37、 big things if they work hard and work a long time. D. All small things can do big things. B Millions of years ago, dinosaurs (恐龍) lived on earth. At that time, the whole earth was warm and wet. There were green forests and they could find enough to eat. Gradually（漸漸地）, parts of the earth became col

38、d and dry and the forests there died. Then dinosaurs could not find enough to eat. This must be one reason why dinosaurs died out (滅絕). There may be other reasons that we do not yet know about. Scientists are trying to make more discoveries（發(fā)現(xiàn)）about dinosaurs. We now know that dinosaurs were of many

39、 sizes and shapes. Some were as small as chickens, while some were about 90 feet long. There were also terrible fights（戰(zhàn)爭）between dinosaurs! They might have happened more than 100 millions years ago. Though no man was there to see any of the fights, we can tell by the animals footprints that fights

40、did happen. 60. When did dinosaurs live on earth? A. Thousands of years ago B. One million years ago C. Millions of years ago D. Many years ago 61. There are maybe many reasons that the dinosaurs died out, but the writer tell us only _ reason(s). A. one B. two C. three D. four 62. Scientists are try

41、ing to _. A. find dinosaurs B. make more money C. make more dinosaurs D. learn more about dinosaurs 63. Dinosaurs often fought each other. We know that because_. A. their footprints tell us so B. no man was there C. someone saw them fighting D. it happened many years ago C Visit Forest Zoo Come and

42、see the Indian elephants and the new tigers from Northeast of China. The beautiful birds from England are ready to sing songs for you, and the monkeys from Mount Emei will be happy to talk to you. The lovely dogs from Australia want to laugh at you. Sichuan pandas will play balls for you. The giraff

43、es from Africa are waiting to look down on you. Tickets Opening time Grown-ups: ¥ 3 9: 00 a.m. 4: 00 p.m. Children: Over 1.4m: ¥ 2 except Friday Under 1.4m: Free 10:00 a.m. 3:00 p.m. Keep the zoo clean! Do not tough, give food or go near to the animals. 64. How much does Mr. Smith have to

44、pay if he visits the zoo with his son of three? A. ¥3. B. ¥4. C. ¥5. D. ¥6. 65. At which of the following time can we visit the zoo? A. 8:30 a.m. Wednesday. B. 9: 30 a.m. Friday. C. 3: 00 p.m. Sunday. D. 5:00 p.m. Tuesday. 66. Which of the following can we do in the zoo? A. To to

45、ugh the monkeys. B. To give some food to the animals. C. To go near to the tigers. D. To watch the animals carefully. D A nobleman (貴族) was once riding along the road and saw an old man digging in his garden. Beside the old man, on the ground, lay a young tree, ready to be planted. The nobleman call

46、ed out to the old man, "What kind of tree are you planting there, my good man?" "This is a fig (無花果) tree, sir," he said. "A fig tree?" cried the nobleman in surprise. "Why, how old are you, may I ask?" "I am ninety years old," said the other. "

47、What!" cried the nobleman. "You are ninety years old, you are planting a young tree now and it will take years to give fruit. You certainly dont hope to live long enough to get any benefit(好處) from this tree?" The old man looked around his garden. Then he smiled and said, "Tell m

48、e, sir, did you eat figs when you were a boy?" "Sure." The nobleman did not know why he asked this question. The old man smiled again. "Then tell me this," he said, "who planted the trees from which those figs were picked?" "Whywhy, I dont know." "Yo

49、u see, sir," went on the old man, "our forefathers planted trees for us to enjoy, and I am doing the same for the people after me. How can I pay back anything to our forefathers?" The nobleman was quiet for a moment and said. "You are right, my good man." Then he rode away.

50、67. The old man in the story was _. A. riding along the road B. digging in the garden C. walking in the garden D. growing a tree 68. The nobleman was surprised because the old man _. A. was ninety years old B. was planting a tree C. was not able to get fruit from the fig tree D. could live too long

51、69. _ planted the trees from which the nobleman picked figs. A. The forefathers B. The children C. The children D. The nobles father 70. The old man planted a fig tree, because he wanted _. A. to eat the fruit B. the nobleman to eat the fruit C. the people after him to eat the fruit D. his friends t

52、o eat the fruit E Men are the cleverest and most dangerous animals on the earth. Rats come second. Men kill many beasts, theyve even killed millions of men since very long ago, but rats kill more men. Rats carry many diseases（疾?。゛nd these diseases have killed and are still killing thousands and thou

53、sands of men today in many countries. Rats are dangerous not only in one way. They not only carry diseases into mens homes, they also eat up mens food. They eat 33 million tons of grain every year. Men starve（饑餓）because rats eat their food. Rats are clever, too. They have good leaders to tell them the food is terrible when men put poison in it. There are a lot of rats in our cities and villages today. We can go to the moon, but we can not kill all these terrible animals. Is this dangerous enemy too clever and grows too fast, or are we not clever enough and not