小學(xué)英語閱讀理解的解題技巧

1、小學(xué)英語閱讀理解的解題技巧：(-)、閱讀理解一般分為故事幽默類、說明、科普類等。 1故事幽默類一般前面都在為幽默做鋪墊，只有讀到最后才能顯現(xiàn)出幽默之出 來O這類短文一般難度不大，認(rèn)真閱讀，仔細(xì)選擇，問題都可以解決，如Write a Letter to Mary, A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等 2小學(xué)的說明，科普類短文都十分淺顯，只要具備一點(diǎn)科普常識(shí)都會(huì)讀懂的, 如,Time, the Spring Festival .等，即使文章較長，問題也十分明顯，從文中都能找到 答案.同學(xué)可動(dòng)手做做下題：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇答案. 1 .Sam is very good at schoo

2、l, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes them with water only. He does not use soap(月巴以). Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see liim. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know what you ate for breakfast thismorning.“What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says. “Eggs” s

3、ays his uncle, uYbur face and mouth tell me that.” “You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!”()(1).WhoisSam?A. He is English. B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher.()(2)WhatstheChinesefor“dirty”？A. Its “臟的B Its 干凈的C Its 壞的 D I

4、ts 好的”()(3)WhatsonSamsfaceandmouth?AEggs.BSoap CWaterDBread()(4)Whichoftheseisnotwrong?A Sam doesntwashhisfaceandhandsevery day.B. The unclethinkstheboyateeggslastmorning.CSamdoesntlikeeggsatall.D.Samdoesntknowliisuncle.(二） 、解題時(shí)有以下兒種方法：（1）略讀法：關(guān)鍵是在能抓住文章要點(diǎn)的前提下以個(gè)人最快的速度閱讀， 獲得足夠的信息以便準(zhǔn)確地回答有關(guān)文章主旨和大意的問題。要特別

5、注意文章 首尾兩段，第一段往往點(diǎn)明文章主題或作者意圖，而最后一段則常?？偨Y(jié)歸納 或重述文章的主要內(nèi)容。要學(xué)會(huì)尋找文章段落的主題句，因?yàn)榘衙慷沃黝}句的 意思綜合起來實(shí)際上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主題句也可能出現(xiàn)在段落中 間或結(jié)尾。（2）查閱法：考生可以不需要閱讀整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信 息的部分，然后加以閱讀就行。查閱法主要用于獲得具體的信息、，即誰、什 么、什么時(shí)間、什么地點(diǎn)、什么原因以及如何發(fā)生等有關(guān)或者具體的數(shù)字。（3）同義互釋法：在小學(xué)升學(xué)考試中有些深層理解或者判斷推理的問題可 以 采 用 同 義 互 釋 法。（4）判斷推理法：有時(shí)4個(gè)題項(xiàng)中不止一個(gè)可以作為答案項(xiàng)，這時(shí)就應(yīng)該

6、 意識(shí)到該題是一個(gè)判斷推理題。要根據(jù)文章的主旨和作者的意圖，選擇比較， 去偽存真，選出切合文章主旨和作者意圖的最佳答案。（三）、同學(xué)們?cè)谧鲩喿x理解時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問題有哪些？1、弄清文章體裁，快速理解文章。對(duì)不同體裁的文章，要根據(jù)其體裁特 點(diǎn)，運(yùn)用不同的方法快速閱讀，正確理解。記敘文一開始交待人物、時(shí)間、地 點(diǎn)、事件，然后詳細(xì)敘述原因。議論文中，作者先提論點(diǎn)，再加以分析，或舉 例論證，得出結(jié)論。說明文中，作者先提出說明對(duì)象，然后從時(shí)間、空間、用 途、方法、步驟等不同側(cè)面加以說明。2、仔細(xì)研讀首尾句，預(yù)測(cè)文中細(xì)節(jié)。小學(xué)升學(xué)考試英語文章往往隱去了 標(biāo)題,這給抓文章中心帶來了困難。然而，英語的寫作特點(diǎn)一般

7、是按“總-分-總” 這一思路來寫的。因此，研讀首、尾句，不但可以幫助考生抓住文章的內(nèi)容， 還可以揣測(cè)作者的態(tài)度、意圖，從而進(jìn)一步猜出作者著重要寫的細(xì)節(jié)。3、略讀選答，帶問閱讀。做英語閱讀理解題時(shí)，首先應(yīng)瀏覽一遍所提問 題及選項(xiàng)，然后帶著這些問題有目的、有針對(duì)性地閱讀文章。4、聯(lián)系生活常識(shí)，及早排除錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。閱讀理解中四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，有時(shí)有一 個(gè)或兩個(gè)與常識(shí)或其他學(xué)科中所學(xué)的知識(shí)不相符。我們可先將其排隊(duì)在閱讀中 對(duì)所剩下的選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行篩選就容易多了。5、解題前要仔細(xì)通讀全文，遇到難解的詞組和句子不要急躁，盡量根據(jù)上 下文悟出其義，解題時(shí)要”帶著問題讀查短文”分析判斷，整題解完后要認(rèn)真復(fù) 查o6、注意不要改

8、變自己的閱讀習(xí)慣。有的考生先看題目后看文章，有的先看 文章再看題目，你平時(shí)怎么練，考試就怎么做。臨時(shí)改變自己的習(xí)慣效果往往 不好。其次，看清楚題目是概括中心型還是推理判斷性。概括某一段的中心時(shí) 注意這一段的首句和尾句；推理判斷題要注意題目問的是作者的態(tài)度，不是你 的態(tài)度。（四）、判斷正誤。對(duì)于閱讀試題中的判斷正誤題，相對(duì)比較簡單，但學(xué)生的出錯(cuò)率仍然較 大，究其原因，學(xué)生不懂判斷的方法，通常是讀完試題之后，憑著自己對(duì)閱讀 文章的大致印象判斷。事實(shí)上判斷試題與選擇、填空的做題方法基本一致，仍 需找出試題中的關(guān)鍵詞，帶著關(guān)鍵詞，在文中尋找所需信息，然后仔細(xì)判斷是 否與文中信息一致，如一致則正確，反之

9、錯(cuò)誤。試題：Mary is sick, Mother takes her to the doctor.首先在試題中尋找關(guān)鍵詞：Mary, sick. Mother, docto匚帶 著這些關(guān)鍵詞，在文章中尋找。由于這是閱讀文章的第一個(gè)試題，所以我們將 答案定位于文章的首段，文中：Mother says: uMaiy, Lets go to the doctor for a check.” “Doctor?” says Mary, Tm not sick, Why do I need to see the doctor?”此題與 文中not sick信息不一致，所以不正確。最后一題：The do

10、ctor gives Mary a shot, It does not hurt at all.由于是最后一題，信息基本在文章的末斷，我們只需將信息 定位于文章的末斷或上一試題信息之后，同樣帶著關(guān)鍵詞shot尋找。文中Mary takes a shot, It does not hurt much.試題中：not hurt at all 與 not hurt much 不相符, 所以錯(cuò)誤。練習(xí)閱讀理解：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇合適的答案，將編號(hào)填在括號(hào)里(1)It is a sunny day this Sunday. I usually go shopping with my mother on S

11、unday. Sometimes I climb mountains. Thats fiui. But not tliis Sunday. Because the weather report says its going to rain next Sunday. I cant climb mountains in the rain. I cant go shopping either. So I want to read books at home.()1 What is the weather like this Sunday?A .It is Sunday. B .It is fine.

12、 C .It is rainy.()2 What do you do on Sunday?A .1 climb hills. B .1 go hiking. C .1 read books.( )3 Can you climb mountains this Sunday?A .Yes, I can. B .No, I cant. C .No, Im not.( )4 Do you go shopping on Sunday?A .Yes, I am. B .Yes, I do. C .No, Im not.()5 What do you want to do next Sunday?A I w

13、ant to read books. B I want to watch TV. C I want to go shopping.(2)Mr Brown lives in a nice house in a small town with his wife(妻子)，Mrs Brown.From Monday to Friday he works in an office near his house. He is free on Saturdays and Sundays. He has a nice garden beside his house. He likes growing flow

14、ers and he often works in the garden on Saturdays and Sundays. The flowers are very beautiful and Mrs Brown likes them very much. She often helps Mr Brown.()1. Mr Brown lives in with his wife.A. a city B. a small town C. a big town()2. He works days a week in his office.A. four B. five C. six()3. He

15、 isnt on Saturdays and Sundays.A. free B. busy C. happy()4. He likes on Saturdays and Sundays.A. working in his garden B. walking in his gardon C. looking at his garden()5. Mrs Brown the flowers.A. like B. doesnt like C. often helps(3)One day Mr. and Mrs. White go shopping by car. They stop their ca

16、r near a store. They buy a lot of things and they want to put the things in the car. But Mr. Wliite cant open the door of the car, so they ask a policeman to help them. The policeman is veiy friendly to help them. Just then a man comes up and shouts: What are you doing with my cai?” Mr. and Mis. Whi

17、te take a look at the cars number and they are frozen there. It isnt their car.()1. Mr. and Mrs. White drive for.A. fishing B. shopping C. business ()2. They stop their car.A. at the parking spot B. near the sea C. near the store ()3. They want to put the things.A. in a big bag B. in their car C. in

18、 others car ()4. Mr. Wliite cant open the car, so.A. they walk home B. they ask a policeman to help C. they call a taxi閱讀理解：判斷下列句子意思與短文意思是否相符，用“T”或“F”表示(1)Today is February 3rd. The weather is windy and cold. I get many cards today. Theyre biithday cards. They】。from my friends. Can you guess why? I

19、wear my new red coat and blue jeans. They】。very pretty. My mother take me to the zoo.I can see many animals. Im very happy today.()l.My birthday is February 3rd.( )2.Its windy and snowy today.( )3.1 can see many trees at the zoo.( )4.1 have a new coat. Its blue. ( )5.1 have many birthday cards.(2)My

20、 name is Tom. My birthday is June 2nd. The weather is sunny and hot. Its my favourite season. On my birthday, I usually have a birthday party. Sometimes we have a picnic. Tomorrow is my birthday. I am cleaning the room now. My mom is making a birthday cake for me.()1 .Toms birthday is on Childrens Day.()2.Its wann and sumiy ill summer.()3. Today is June 1st.()4. Toms mother can make a biithday cake.()5.Usually there is a biithday party on Toms birthday.Hello. My name is Millie. Im thiiteen years old. Im a good boy. I often play volleyball so .Fm fit