動詞-ing(現(xiàn)在分詞)精編資料

1、動 詞 - i n g （ 現(xiàn) 在 分 詞 ）動詞-ing 形式(1)英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將“動名詞”和“現(xiàn)在分詞”合稱為“動詞 -ing ”形式。作 為非謂語動詞的一種形式，動詞-ing具有名詞，形容詞和副詞 的特點(diǎn)，它可以 在句中作除了謂語以外的所有句子成分。動詞-ing形式的構(gòu)成主動被動一般doingbeing done完成Having doneHavingbee ndone否定式：not +doing/ having doneNot being done / not hav ing bee n done二. 動詞-ing形式作定語1) 單個動詞-ing形式作定語放在被修飾的名詞前，叫做 前置定

2、語。2) 動詞-ing短語作定語，通常放在被修飾的名詞后，叫做 后置定語3) having (bee n) do ne該結(jié)構(gòu)不能用作后置定語。作用：1) 表示用途A smok ing room水吸煙室a walk ing stick拐杖drinking water飲用A sleepi ng pill安眠藥draw ing board畫板park ing lot停車場Swimmi ng pool游泳池teach ing build ing教學(xué)樓cha nging room更衣室Drivi ng permit駕駛許可證 a wait ing room 候車室2) 表示動作boili ng wate

3、r正在沸騰的水develop ing coun tries發(fā)展中國家the sett ing sun落日the rising sun冉冉升起的太陽in the followi ng days在接下來的幾天the coming week 下一周3) 表所修飾名詞正在進(jìn)行的動作，可替換成定語從句。備注此時該動詞和被修飾的名詞之間是主動關(guān)系A(chǔ) walki ng man = a man who is walki ngA sleep ing child= a child who is sleep ing.The man sta nding at the gate is my gran dpa.=The

4、manat the gate is my gran dpa.拓展The computer(repair) now is my brothers.三. 動詞-ing形式作表語? 動詞-ing形式作表語，說明主語的具體內(nèi)容。這種表語與主語“等價(jià)”His job is teach ing Physics in middle school.? 有些動詞-ing形式作表語，可以說明主語的性質(zhì)特征，常翻譯為“令人. 的”disappo in ti ng令人失望的In teresti ng有趣的Embrassassi ng 令人尷尬的 En couragi ng令人鼓舞的frighte ning excit

5、 ingsurpris ing puzzli ng 練習(xí)令人害怕的令人興奮的 令人驚訝的令人費(fèi)解的1. The news that we failed in the competition was(disappoint).2. From my point of view, this idea was so(excite).3. My brother ' s job is(deliver) newspapers every day.四. 動詞-ing形式賓語補(bǔ)足語該用法通常用于主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語結(jié)構(gòu)中。其中，賓語是V-ing的邏輯主語1) 感官動詞 see , hear, no

6、tice注意到,smell 聞到,feel , find 發(fā)現(xiàn)，observe 觀察,look at ,listen to notice sb./sth. doing 注意至到正在做We saw a boy stealing a woman ' s purse in the street.2) 使役動詞 “l(fā)eave, have, keep , get ”leave sb/ sth. doi ng“讓某人或某物一直處于某種狀態(tài)”練習(xí)1. He saw the children(play) in the playground.2. I ' m sorto have kept yo

7、u(wait) for me for so long.3. The child was heard(cry) in the next room all night.4. The next morning, she found the man(lie) in bed, dead.5. Do you hear some one(kno ck) at the door?五. 動詞-ing形式作狀語動詞-ing形式作狀語可以修飾謂語動詞或整個句子，表示時間，原因，結(jié)果， 條件，行為方式，伴隨或補(bǔ)充說明。備注：1) v-ing形式作狀語，其邏輯主語就是主句的主語。(破 題)2為了使作狀語的v-ing形式

8、所表達(dá)更明確，可在前面加上適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞(as,because, sin ce, on ce, though, while, uni ess)解題策略1. 觀察逗號“，”前后是否有連詞，若沒有，則應(yīng)選擇非謂語2. 找到句子主語，分析空白處單詞和主語之間是否為主動關(guān)系3. 分析填空處單詞和主句動詞是否幾乎同時發(fā)生(doing );若在主句動詞之前發(fā)生，則選用完成式(having done )原因狀語Because she was ill, she didn ' t attend the meeting.=Being ill, s he didn ' t attend the meet

9、ing.狀語Whe n they hear the n ews , they all jumped with great joy.=Heari ng the n ews , they all jumped with great joy.條件狀語If you work hard, you ' II succeed.( 條件狀語)=, you ' II succeed.狀語My car was caught in the heavy traffic jam, caus ing the delay.狀語The stude nts are all in the classroom, d

10、oing their homework carefully.Practice !1. When(see) the cat, the mouse ran off.2. (live) in London for years, I almost know everyplace quite well.3. (work) hard, you ' ll succeed.4. Once(lose) the chanee, you can ' t easily findit.5. (look) out from the window, we found a beautifulgarde n.6

11、. They sat in front of the teaching building, (laugh) andtalki ng.7. He turned off the lights,(see) nothing.8. (walk) in the street, he caught sight of one of hisclose frie nds.9. (tell) many times, I still l ong to watch the movieone more time.六.v-ing形式的否定式 （直接在v-ing形式前面加not等否定詞匯）1. （know的否定式）her a

12、ddress, we couldn ' t get intouch with her.2. (realize 的否定)that he was in great dan ger, Ericwalker deeper into the forest.七.一般式和完成式的區(qū)別當(dāng)動詞-ing形式表示的動作和句子謂語動詞表示的動作(幾乎)同時發(fā)生時 用一般式(doing)；在句子謂語動詞表示的動作之前發(fā)生時用完成式(having done)。如：(see) the stranger coming towards him , little Jim ran away as fast as he co

13、uld.(study)E nglish for three years , he can read brief stories in En glish.八. 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)The teacher being ill, the lecture was put off.Spring coming, the fields are full of life.當(dāng)非謂語動詞的邏輯主語和主句的主語不一致時，往往在非謂語的前面加 上自己的邏輯主語，這種“名詞/代詞+非謂語動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)與句子主語沒有任何邏輯關(guān)系，被稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。它是一種從屬結(jié)構(gòu)，不能單獨(dú)成句。1) 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨(dú)立

14、存在。2) 名詞或代詞與后面的分詞，形容詞，副詞，不定 式，介詞等是主謂關(guān)系或 動賓關(guān)系。3) 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號與主句分開。There(be) no bus, we had to go back home on foot.More time(give), we would have done it much better.Weather(permit), we ' ll go to visit the Great Wall.單句改錯1. Having received the reply, he decided to write to him aga in.2. While read the book, he wrote dow n a great many beautiful senten ces.3. We had a good rest in the waited room.4. Do you know the man ran after He Yi cen?5. This is su