2019年高考英語語法填空技巧

1、.2019 年 高考英語語法填空技巧題型解讀：一篇 200 字左右的短文或?qū)υ?-7 個(gè)空白根據(jù)給出單詞的正確形式填空3-5 個(gè)根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處所需內(nèi)容能力考查：理解語篇、句子結(jié)構(gòu)、運(yùn)用語法、單詞拼寫。語法填空的考點(diǎn)或考查內(nèi)容是：(1)純空格題：通?？脊谠~、介詞、代詞和連詞等四類詞。一個(gè)空格只能填一個(gè)單詞(2)用括號(hào)中所給詞填空：通?？贾^語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)、非謂語動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換等。一個(gè)空格可以填 1，2，3 個(gè)單詞一 有提示詞類試題的答題要訣（一）給出了動(dòng)詞的試題的解題技巧首先，判斷要填的動(dòng)詞是謂語動(dòng)詞還是非謂語動(dòng)詞。然后按以下兩點(diǎn)進(jìn)行思考。技巧 1： 1）看

2、位置。在主語后與主語構(gòu)成主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，那么填謂語動(dòng)詞，要考慮時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)以及主謂一致。2）看是否有并列連詞and, but, so 等做標(biāo)志，做并列謂語例句 1：His fear of failure _(keep) him from classroom games that otherchildren played with joy.解析：因主語His fear of failure后沒有別的謂語動(dòng)詞，需填的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為謂語動(dòng)詞；因主語與 keep 是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用主動(dòng)語態(tài)；由從句謂語動(dòng)詞played可知，要用一般過去時(shí)，故填kept.例句 2： 1 That was completely not a

3、good idea ,so I politelyrefused herinvitation,40(close) my book and walked away.解析：雖然句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞refused ，但由 and walked 可知，所填詞與 refused和 walked 是并列關(guān)系，所以也用一般過去式 closed。牛刀小試 1：1 My brother _(succeed) in winning the election last week.2 More than 2,000 people are _(employ).3 The first card _ (design) by th

4、e boy last week4 Mr. Smith stood up , _(pick) up his book and left.技巧 2 若句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語動(dòng)詞。若是非謂語動(dòng)詞就要確定用ing 形式、ed 形式，還是用不定式形式。（to do/to be done);.確定方法如下：Ving 形式表主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行 .或作主語；賓語Ved 形式表被動(dòng)，完成To do 形式表主動(dòng)，將來，例句 1：It is important for us _(learn) English.解析：句中有謂語動(dòng)詞is, it 是形式主語，后面用不定式作真正的主語。所以填to

5、learn.例句 2：_(take) exercise is of great benefit to us.解析：句中有謂語動(dòng)詞 is, 所以 take 應(yīng)為非謂語；分析句子成分，作主語，表示一般情況，要用動(dòng)名詞。故填 Taking.例句 3：_(catch) the first bus, he got up early.解析：句中有謂語動(dòng)詞 got up, 所以 catch 應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子成分分析，作狀語，表目的，故要用不定式而且主動(dòng)的， To catch.例句 4：The teacher entered the classroom, _( follow) by some stud

6、ents.解析：句中已有謂語 entered, 而 follow 又不是與之并列的，故為非謂語動(dòng)詞；又因?yàn)?the teacher 與 follow 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作伴隨狀語 ,followed.例句 5：He saw the stone, _(say) to himself, “The night will be dark”.解析：句中已有謂語 saw, 且沒有并列連詞構(gòu)成并列謂語，所以，所給動(dòng)詞應(yīng)當(dāng)是非謂語；又因 He 和 say 是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填 saying 作伴隨狀語。例句 6：Lessons _(learn) in sports can help us in our de

7、aling with otherpeople.解析：因句中已有謂語 can help, 所以 learn 應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞；又因 lesson與 learn是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用過去分詞短語作后置定語，故填learned.牛刀小試 2：1 The teacher walked around _( inspect).2 Sorry, I can tgo with you. I m _( suffer) from a serious headache.3 With time _(go) by , he has explored more and more fields4 _( host) the Olym

8、pics Games is also a great responsibility.5 We all want to have the problem _( solve) in a peaceful way.6 He can tsay a word, _( point) at the notice on the wall angrily.7 The film _( base) on the novel is so interesting.8 The game _( design) for children to develop their interest in maths is popula

9、r with the kids.9 _ (see) the big snake, the little girl was frightened.10 _ (ask) why he stole the book, he kept silent.二 詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題的解題技巧;.（一）作表語，定語或補(bǔ)語，通常用形容詞形式根據(jù)該詞在句子所作句子成分確定用哪種形式。例句 1：The boy immediately felt _ (silence) when he heard the bad news.解析：因在系動(dòng)詞felt 后作表語，用形容詞，故填silent 。例句 2：If diseased tiss

10、ue is found ,a _ (power) laser （激光）can be used toburn it awa y解析：在冠詞與名詞之間，要用形容詞，作定語，故填powerful 。例句 3：Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _(interest) in the subject解析：因所填詞在句中作賓語most of their students 的補(bǔ)足語，用形容詞；表示“感興趣的 ”，填 interested 。牛刀小試 3： 1 Mike was a _(rely) man and I thin

11、k you can relyon him.2 He cantstand ( 忍受 ) people who are _( cruelty)3 Tom made his mother _( anger) because of hisrudeness.（二）作主語、及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后賓語，在冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞后，或 “冠詞 +形容詞 ”后，用名詞形式；有時(shí)需要注意名詞復(fù)數(shù)。例句1: John Snow was able to announce withcertainty (certain).2：On December 10, the anniversary of thedeath (die) o

12、f Nobel3: Recognizing your bad eating habits is of great importance (important) in correcting the behavior.牛刀小試 4： 1 They carried the children to _( safe)2 I hold the _(believe) that we can overcome thedifficulties.3 On his _( arrive), he was given a warm welcome.（三）修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個(gè)句子，作狀語，用副詞形式例句 1 S

13、adly (sad) the libraryhad moved from its originalplace into anotherbuilding.(副詞修飾整個(gè)句子 )2 By bending or pressing down in your seat, you can moveswiftly (swift)（所給詞修飾動(dòng)詞move）牛刀小試 5： 1 He looked calm, but _( actual) he was nervous.2 Motherhas not yet recovered fromthe serious illness, but herhealth is i

14、mproving _( gradual) day by day.3 Anyone,whetherhe is an officialor a bus driver,should be;._( equal) respected.（四）有可能是詞類不用變，主要是考察1 具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需根據(jù)句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加 un- 等，在詞根后加 -less 等2 比較級(jí) /最高級(jí)3 名詞變復(fù)數(shù)例句 1 He has strong determination and is unwilling (willing) to give up the opportunity. ( 他有很強(qiáng)的決心

15、，不愿意放棄這次機(jī)會(huì) )2 One main disadvantage (advantage) of this area is that the public transport is not convenient.(這個(gè)地區(qū)一個(gè)主要缺點(diǎn)是公共交通不便利)3 Social customs_( custom) are different from country to country.4 The harder (hard) you try to study, the more likely( 可能的 ) you will succeed. (the+ 比較級(jí)， the+比較級(jí) 結(jié)構(gòu)：越 越-)牛

16、刀小試 6： 1 I _( like) people who talk loudly in public places. I thinkits very impolite.2 It is _( fair) that he gets very little in reward for his hardwork.3 Your mistake caused a lot of _ (necessary) work in theoffice.4 Now the water in the river is _(clean) than ever.5 We have made our _( mind) to

17、study English.訓(xùn)練提升一1.I was certain she would like it because I _ (tell) by my classmates thatshe loved hot food.2.Being too anxious often _ (lead) to the bad result.3In Logan, three people _(take) toa hospital, while others weretreated at a local clinic( 地方診所 ).4House prices in that city _( decrease

18、) by only 5% sincelast year.訓(xùn)練提升二1_ (speak) out your inner( 內(nèi)心的 ) feeling won t make youel feashamed,on the contrary說 (出你的內(nèi)心感受不會(huì)使你難堪，相反。 。)2We must also consider the reaction of the person _ (receive) the gift.3Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked atme with his

19、 eyebrows( 眉毛 )(raise).4_(complete) the projectas planned,wellhave to work two morehours a day.5He saw the stone, _(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark. ”;.6 Lessons _ (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.訓(xùn)練提升三1. “ Thirty-five cents, ” she said _ (rude).2. As far

20、as I am concerned, my _ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach.3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature)course.4.It is _(legal) to sell drugs, which do harm to people s health.5.One of the _ (bad) gift choice

21、s I ever made was for my high schoolEnglish teacher6.We were bothlaughing the whole time. When it was time to leave, Isaid“ thank you”in English, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt_ (lonely) than I had expected that night.7.Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics（

22、評(píng)論家） callher one of the _ (great) writers of our time.8 He took some special _( course) to improve singing ability.綜合提升訓(xùn)練1Little children live under the _(protect) of their parents.2Deeply _( affect) by the story of Cong Fei,I am determined to be avolunteer.3I found the streets _( decorate) with col

23、orful flowers.4I am eager to share my _ _ ( happy) with you.5You have made much _ (great) progress in English6Shes thinking of _( select) some short stories for my outside reading.7He looked through the suits and_( select ) the cheapest for me.8It is a great honor to attend a dinner party _( host) b

24、y the president ofthe company.9Professor Li failed many times but he _(final) found a good way tosolve the problem.10It is an _(extreme) difficult task.11People will have eye problems if they spend too much time _( watch)3-D movies.12The lawyer devoted his _( value) time to helping us.13_( reach) the goal his boss set for him is his present dream.14He was so angry that he threw the glass, _( break) it into pieces.15I must have the paper _( type) in less t