字母及組合發(fā)音規(guī)律

1、字母及字母組合發(fā)音規(guī)律總結(jié)1) i: 字母組合:ee ea e ie ei three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling 2) i 發(fā)音字母 i y e sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delic

2、ious 3) 發(fā)音字母 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag 4) e 字母組合 ea e a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) : 字母組合ir ur ear ur or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday

3、burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6) 字母組合 er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polit

4、e around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china famulus Saturday 7) a: 字母組合 ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) 發(fā)音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood 9) R：字母組合 al or

5、au our ar aw small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter draw saw flaw 10) R 發(fā)音字母 o a hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash 11) u: 字母組合 oo o u food moon room gloom b

6、room doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full 12) u 字母組合 oo ou u o look good foot book should could put full bull pull push woman wolf 13) ei 發(fā)音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey 14) ai 發(fā)音字母 i y bike fine find die nine li

7、ght night high my try fly eye 15) au 字母組合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town 16) u 發(fā)音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal 17) Ri 字母組合oy oi boy toy joy oil soil voice choice 18) i 字母組

8、合 eer beer deer ear idea near here fierce 19) 字母組合ear air pear bear chair air fair care there where 20) u hour tour poor flower shower 3輔音 1) p pen pear play pig pour pull push 2) b book big boot bike bread break 3) t tree two ten ton town twenty city 4) d door dull desk dose do dog dictionary 5) k

9、king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (發(fā)音字母k) card cat cream correct climb come account accept (發(fā)音字母c) fox box oxygen x-ray (發(fā)音字母x) school schedule schema (字母組合ch) 6) g girl good goal goat grade long language 7) m man make moon morning move come comb 8) n pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean 9

10、) uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning evening 10) l long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul 11) r read red right run room write 12) f five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough physic photo phone 13) v very evening even every voice vest

11、 of 14) s six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (發(fā)音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (發(fā)音字母c) licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母組合ce) 15) z zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those whose 16) think thank three thirty tooth mouth 17) that this those the

12、se though 18) sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention station social special sure 19) pleasure 20) h hot hop home house horse how who 21) w when what where window wind wood 22) j yes year yell you your yolk yellow 23) t child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母組合ch） catch watch

13、 match （字母組合tch) 24) d age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk 25) tr tree country try treat track trunk 26) dr dry dream drop drive drink 27) ts students boots boats goats nuts 28) dz goods woods moods hoods 4容易混淆的輔音 v w vest west vet wet vine wine very well s sink

14、 think mass math miss myth sort sought z close cloth breeze breathe n thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing5字母，組合音節(jié)發(fā)音規(guī)律 1）a ei æ a: R late private grade bake grape nation station pageactive hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinema fast last glas

15、s class past father wash what watch want 2）e i: e 不發(fā)音 appreciate extremely secret she me he letter left message generate pebble decide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confident active table late wife store lecture 3）i ai ?high price library ice cream wife size line fist pic

16、k chicken piano fiancé city unit 4）o u u: R lode host cold note okay old home lose do who whose prove love some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collect lost hot mock office soft honest 5）u ju: u university refuse unique universe huge put push pull full bull but brush

17、bucket duck bubble support suggest 6）c k s country camp camera courage cable city ceiling celebrate cell cease 7）g g d girl grade glass glade bag flag village vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening 8) l l 讀音不同,注意區(qū)別在音節(jié)前后的發(fā)音 listen learn language collect English gorilla world co

18、ld soil tall sell cool animal 9) n n moon night noodle number uncle hungry angry young 10) r r right read write grade progress card board door floor form north 11）y j ? aiyellow year yell young yolk university country pretty happy dyke dying fly buy by my 12）ar a: R: farm card garden mark dollar pop

19、ular solarwarm quarrel quarter 13) ea i: e ei i cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weather great break idea realize 14) ear : i learn earth earn heard hear near clear ear fear 15) er : i deserve serve her person teacher driver anger singer serious experience mysterio

20、us fierce 16） ere i here mere there 17) ir : ai shirt girl skirt admire desire dizai18) oo u: u R: room tool cool moon noon goof food good foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flood door dR: , dR floor 19) or R: : short form corn born for work world worm word worst tractor doctor actor sector s

21、enior senator 20) oor R: u door floor moor poor boor粗野的人 21) our u R: hour tour flour bourn lour pour court four mourn 哀悼，憂傷，服喪22) ou au house mouth mouse sound found enough trouble touch delicious gracious prosperous 23) ow u au window meadow know show low now town how down cow 24) s z s nose suppo

22、se lose pose rose mouse house 25) th （找不到相應(yīng)的字符表示）thank think thought cloth clothes that this then than 26) sion n n propulsion tension progression passion protrusion provision conclusion television 27) tion n station nation translation attentionquestion有一些基本的規(guī)律，比如，元音字母在開音節(jié)里發(fā)字母本音，在閉音節(jié)里常發(fā)短音，但是規(guī)律也不是絕對的

23、6關(guān)于語音的幾個概念: Phonics 是一種(方法), 是教育學(xué)習(xí)者從字母排列中去拼讀出單個字來. AHD表示美語發(fā)音,The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language（簡稱AHD） KK音標(biāo)是一套(注音符號系統(tǒng)),是由John Samuel Kenyon 和 John Albert Knott兩位美國學(xué)者共同編著的發(fā)音詞典A Pronouncing Dictionary of American1956中用于標(biāo)注美式發(fā)音的符號系統(tǒng), 這是一套最常用的也是最權(quán)威的注音法，從此人們把美語標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)音慣稱為KK音標(biāo)。 DJ是根據(jù)英國學(xué)者D

24、aniel Jones編的英語發(fā)音字典 (English Pronouncing Dictionary, 1963)中的標(biāo)音而來. 英式讀音根據(jù)的是English Pronouncing Dictionary 英語正音辭典。它們代表了被稱為“Received Pronuciation”（RP）（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)讀音）的讀音，這在受過教育的英國人尤其是南部英格蘭人中通用。 1888年國際語音協(xié)會 (International Phonetic Association) 的語言學(xué)家便制定出一套可國際通用的語音符號叫國際音標(biāo)符號 (IPAInternational Phonetic Alphabet)，希望以一

25、個符號代表一音，并避免各人使用一套自己的符號所產(chǎn)生的不便。 國內(nèi)的英文字典里最常見的音標(biāo)為英式發(fā)音的國際音標(biāo) (DJ) 和美式發(fā)音的KK音標(biāo)，前者乃根據(jù)Daniel Jones編的英語發(fā)音字典 (English Pronouncing Dictionary, 1963)，后者則是根據(jù)John S. Kenyon & Thomas A. Knott二氏的美語發(fā)音字典 (A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English, 1956)。值得一提的是，KK音標(biāo)所使用的符號均從前面提到的國際音標(biāo)符號 (IPA) 而來，Kenyon & Knott二

26、氏僅將其中適用于美式英語的符號截取出來。 音素: 音的最小單位,英語中有48個音素. 音節(jié): 由元音和輔音構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位. 元音: 發(fā)音響亮,是樂音,口腔中氣流不受阻礙,是音節(jié)的主要組成部分.英語中有20個元音. 輔音: 發(fā)音不響亮,是噪音,口腔中氣流受到阻礙,不是音節(jié)的重要組成部分,英語中有28個輔音. 開音節(jié):1)輔音+元音+輔音+不發(fā)音e kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2)輔音+元音 he hi go no do be tree three hello 閉音節(jié): 1) 輔音+元音+輔音 sit bed bad bag hot

27、 hop let mad map head 2) 元音+輔音 it is of in on up out ant 重讀音節(jié)詞尾的字母組合oo發(fā)音素u:的音。如:too(太;也),zoo(動物園),room(房間)等 ; II. 在輔音字母f, l, m, n, s前的字母組合oo也發(fā)音素u:的音。如:roof(屋頂),sch ool(學(xué)校),soon(不久),goose(鵝)等.有一個特例詞要特別注意,它就是:woolu(羊毛); III. 在字母t前的字母組合oo發(fā)音素u:的音。如:boot(靴子),tooth(牙齒),特例詞:footu(腳); IV. 字母組合oo在字母d和k前發(fā)音素u的

28、音。如:good(好),book(書),look(看) ,特例詞:foodu:(食物); V. 在復(fù)合詞的非重讀音節(jié)中的字母組合oo發(fā)音素u的音。如 :bedroom(臥室),classroom(教室)等; VI. 在字母l和d之間的字母組合oo發(fā)音素的音。 如:blood(血),flood(洪水)等.巧記方法: oo讀長還是短,記住口訣就簡單。 d, k之前讀短u,food一詞是特例; t前讀長u:,foot需要特殊記; 復(fù)合詞中要讀短,其余多數(shù)讀長u:; 一,元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音a 在開音節(jié)中 ei name plane Jane baby cake 在閉音節(jié)中 e bag dad hat map black back e 在開音節(jié)中 i: he these me Chinese 在閉音節(jié)中 e bed let pen desk yes egg i 在開音節(jié)中 ai bike fly drive time nice kite 在閉音節(jié)中 i fish big drink sit milk swim o 在開音節(jié)中 u those close go hoe home no 在閉音節(jié)中 R （找不到相應(yīng)的字符表示，用R代替）clock not box shop sock u 在開音節(jié)中 ju: student ex