43各類名詞前的冠詞用法

1、4.3各類名詞前的冠詞用法專有名詞前冠詞的用法轉(zhuǎn)悠迷你歌詞前一般不加冠詞，因?yàn)樗旧砭褪翘刂傅模词骨懊嬗邢嗳荽涡揎?時(shí)通常也不加冠詞，如：人名：Shakespeare jack London, queen Elizabeth , little tom , big Hugh, john smith junior ；地名：Paris, Los Angeles, ancient Rome, east Africa, Western Europe, southern France, North America;其他：July, Easter, English但有許多特殊情況：1）在某些地理名詞前要加

2、定冠詞a. 江，河，海，洋：the Yangtze river , the Hudson river , the pearl river, the red sea , the Mediterranean, the Indian ocean ,the pacific ocean ,the arcticb. 山脈，群島：the tain shan mountain , the rocky mountains ,the Philippines , the riukiu isla nds the west in dies但 mount Emei ,Christmas islandc. 海峽，海灣：th

3、e English channel , the Taiwan straits , the bay of Biscay , the gulf of Mexico湖名前一般不加冠詞，如：Lake success, Don gti ng lake, lake Baikal但個(gè)別湖名前也有加the的，如：The lake of Gen eva , the west lake , the great salt lake另有少數(shù)地名前通常加the:The Netherlands , the Vatican , the Balkans, the middle east ,the Hague ,the Ukr

4、aine , the Caucasus , the Crimea ,the Sahara, the Auden, the Yemen.2） 由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞很多要加the:a. 某些國家名及政治組織名稱：The people republic of china, the United States, the united kingdom, the united nations, the general assembly, the republican party.（但 parliament 和 congress 前不力卩 the）b. 某些機(jī)構(gòu)、學(xué)校、建筑物等的名詞：The Briti

5、sh museum ,the national gallery , the Philadelphia orchestra ,the Victoria chest hospital, the Bronx zoo, the midland banal , the university of Washington, the royal college of art, the Harlow technical college, the Odenton ci nema, the pen tag on , the Hilt on （hotel）, the phoe ni x（theatre）,the ti

6、ta nic.c. 某些報(bào)刊雜志的名稱：The new York times , the Chisagotribune, the Washington post , the labor mon thly , the daily n ews , the observer ,the econo mist ,the times （但有些不加，如：life，Newsweek， Harper s）3）下面這類名詞前通常不加冠詞：a. 多數(shù)街名：Fleet street , Marst on road , riverside ave nue , park lane , rodeo drive ,sun s

7、etboulevard(但 the high street)b. 多數(shù)廣場名：Russellsquare , Berkeley square ,times square , Piccadilly circus (但 the red square )c. 車站、機(jī)場、公園、橋梁名Central station ,Kennedy airport , central park , Waterloo bridge但 the golden bridge )d. 大學(xué)名：Harvard University, Oxford University, Oregon state university, Ball

8、iol College (但:the uni versity of east An glia, the in stitute for con temporary arts)e. 節(jié)日名：Nati onal day , may day , new yearhristmas ” Caster , tha nksgi ving day ,St. valentine s day ,international women s day(但 the mid-autumn festival ,the spring festival)f. 大多數(shù)雜志名：Time, new scientist, English

9、Ianguage teaching, us news and world report, reader s digest4) 任命前面一般不加冠詞，但在一些特殊情況下也可以加，如：A Mrs. Gree n is wait ing to see you.My boss is a little n apole on,I didn t know you were an ardent Romeo.The smith you re look ing for no Ion ger lives here.The little Verta was now eightee n mon ths old.The

10、theory was adva need by the great Ein ste in.還可以用在某些專有名詞前表示一種車、一張某人的畫像等：The car was a Buick, not a Benz.He had a van Gogh in the dining room.What a stra nge London he saw!He ordered a sec ond martini.抽象名詞前冠詞的用法1) 抽象名詞前一般不加冠詞：The music is full of life.Practice makes perfect.I wish you joy.While there

11、 is life there is hope.即使前面有形容詞修飾，一般也不加冠詞：She cared little for social life.This in vitati on gave him particular joy.He has always bee n in terested in classical music.You have give n me fresh hope.2) 若抽象名詞用于特指(即指特定的內(nèi)容)，特別是一份由限制性定語修飾時(shí)， 多加定冠詞：Minor accide nts can shorte n the life of a car.Her childr

12、e n were the joy of her life.The youn ger gen eratio n is the hope of the n ati on.He went on play ing the music of Mozart.特指和泛指相對，試比較下面的句子：特指泛指She has a passi on for music. My research made alow progress.God advice is bey ond price.I worked all day,but without result.What do you think you the music

13、?He asked about the progress of my book.She immediately took the advice. What s the result of your inv estigati on?限制性定語(limiting attributes)指of引導(dǎo)的定語或某些定語從句，他們限制 名詞的意義，使指特定內(nèi)容，和它相對的則是描繪性定語(descriptiveattributes)(這種定語只描繪，不限定意思)限制性定語描繪性定語The price on p.2a picture by a childThe grammar book you wanta bo

14、ok you must readThe girl sitti ng therea hard-work ing girlThe idea hr put forwarda won derful idea3）抽象名詞在一定情況下可加不定冠詞，用來表示：a. 種、一場等：she always had an affect ion for me.He had a strong dislike for cold weather.She showed a certa in elega nee.He felt a great tendern ess for RuthIt was a just war.b. 某動(dòng)

15、作的一次、一例等：Do you care for a smoke?The report called for a public inquiry.He made a careful check of the acco un ts.It made a good an alysis of the situati on.c. 引起某種情緒的人或事：This work has bee n a great joy.He is a shame to his family.Seeing him so active was a great en courageme nt.Her son was a great

16、disappo in tme nt to her.d. 表示某種品質(zhì)的具體行動(dòng)、人或東西：Would you do me a favor?You were a great help to us.In some places, white bread is a luxury.A forced kindn ess deserves no tha nks.由于每個(gè)抽象名詞情況都不一樣，不清楚時(shí)最好查一下字典。物質(zhì)名詞前面冠詞的用法1）物質(zhì)名詞前一般不加冠詞Do you like tea or would you prefer coffee?We can t live without air.We u

17、se water for drinking and wash ing.They were diggi ng for gold.We expect snow before morni ng. 即使前面有形容詞，一般也不加冠詞：Is that In dia n tea or Chin ese tea?Cold air blew in through the ope n win dow.Is this fresh water?It s made of pure gold.Heavy snow is reported in the n orth.2）物質(zhì)名詞特指時(shí)勤勉也可以加the:How do you like the tea?The air was bad.Some one has falle n into the water!The gold they found weighted two kilo.The visitors disappeared in the whirli ng snow.Don t sta nd in the rai n.3）物質(zhì)名詞前面或加不定冠詞，表示：A. 場，一陣：A heavy snow was falli