形容詞副詞比較級高級變化形式歸納(超全)

1、形容詞副詞比較級高級變化形 式歸納（超全）作者:日期:形容詞比較級最高級變化形式歸納 一般單音節(jié)詞后面直接加 -er，-est如:tall; cheap; short; quick; thick; light; cool; warm; quiet; wild; calm以不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾只加-r, -st 女口： late-later-latest； large-larger-largest 以輔音字母 +y”結(jié)尾的詞改 y為i，再力卩-er,-est女口： easy-easier-easiest; pretty-prettier-prettiest; heavy-heavier-heavi

2、est以一個元音加一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞（即重讀閉音節(jié)詞），雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母再力卩 er，-est 女口： thin-thinner-thinnest;hot-hotter-hottest; big-bigger-biggest特別提醒：new, few, slow, clear等詞含有字母組合，且發(fā)的是長元音，不用雙寫。大部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)的詞（即音標(biāo)中含有三個或三個以上元音音素的詞），要在 前面加 more，most如:beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful; serious-more serious-the most serious特別提醒

3、：以形容前綴un構(gòu)成的三音節(jié)形容詞不適合上述情況，如: unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest, untidy-untidier-untidiest特別提醒：early -earlier-earliest由 ing分詞和-ed分詞演變過來的形容詞（包括不規(guī)貝U動詞女口knowknown）只能力卩more或 most來表示它們的比較級和最高級。interesting-more interesting-most interesting boring-more boring -most boring; excited-more excited-most excited; tired

4、-more tired -most tired 少數(shù)單音節(jié)詞前面加 more, most構(gòu)成比較級和最高級，這類形容詞一般為表語形容 詞和由過去分詞變成的形容詞afraid -more afraid-most afraid; fond- more fon d-most fond; glad -more glad-most glad bored - more bored- most bored; pleased- more pleased- most pleased下列形容詞的比較級和最高級有兩種形式：既可力卩-er/-est也可力卩more/moststrict, frie ndly, cle

5、ver, cruel下列形容詞沒有比較級和最高（即表示 最高程度”或 絕對狀態(tài)”的形容詞和副詞沒有 比較級和最高級）如: empty, wrong, perfect, unique, extreme, excellent, favourite, true, right, correct,不規(guī)則變化good/well-better-best bad/badly/ill-worse-worstmany/much-more-mostlittle-less-leastfar-farther/further -farthest/furthest old-older/elder-oldest/eldest

6、特別提醒：further不僅可以指 距離更遠(yuǎn)”還可指 程度更深”如：further study （進修）;further educatio n継續(xù)教育）；further in formation （進一步的信息） elder僅用于同輩之間的排行，如：elder sister姐姐）elder brother哥哥）ess作為 更少”僅用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，修飾可數(shù)名詞表示更少”要用fewer。副詞比較級最高級變化形式歸納1. 一般副詞（形容詞與副詞同形）hard harder hardestlate later latest2. 特殊副詞 （不規(guī)則變形）well better bestfast fa

7、ster fastest early earlier ieatlmuch more mostbadly worse worstlittle less least3. 開放類副詞開放類副詞即以形容詞加后綴-ly結(jié)尾的副詞應(yīng)在副詞原形前加more或most女口：quickly more quickly most quicklyquietly more quietly most quietlyslowlymore slowlymost slowly形容詞比較級和最高級的用法1. 三者或三者以上相比，最高,用“the +最高級”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。后跟表范圍的介詞短語：in our class , of th

8、em five, of the three, of all , in Chi na Eg : Zhanghuais the tallest.（三人中）（注意：John is the taller of the two boys.比較級前定冠詞 the 不可省）2. 表示在三者及以上的人或物中進行選擇時，Who / Which + be +最高級，A, B, or C ?Eg: Who is the tallest, Tom, Jack,_or David? Tom, Jack與 David 三個人中誰最高？3. 表示， 最.之一”的句式,用one of the +形容詞最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞a. H

9、onghong is one of the best students in our class.b. SuZhou is one of the most beautiful cities in China.4當(dāng)最高級前有物主代詞或者名詞所有格，省略thea. Mon day is my busiest day. 星期一是我最忙的一天 .b. Jack is Jim' s bestfriend.Jack 是 Jim 最好的朋友.5. 最高級前可加序數(shù)詞.The Yellow River is the sec ondIon gest river in Chi na.6. 最高級修飾作表語

10、的名詞，代詞時，被修飾的詞往往省略.eg:He is the tallest （boy ） in his class.比較應(yīng)在同類事物之間進行。誤： Your English is better than me.正： Your En glish is better tha n mine.比較級前可以有一個表示程度的狀語，最常見的三大修飾詞是：a little, much, even 。以下單詞也可用來修飾：any, far, still, a lot, yet, rather。My sister is a little taller than me.Their house is much la

11、rger tha n ours.另外，名詞短語也可修飾比較級，說明程度。I ' m three years older than he.特別提醒：very, quite, too不可修飾比較級。避免重復(fù)使用比較級。誤： He is more kinder to small animals than I.正: He is much kinder to small animals than I.誤： He is more cleverer than his brother.正: He is cleverer than his brother.比較要符合邏輯，在同一范圍內(nèi)比較時，避免將主語含

12、在比較對象中，這時需使用other來排除自身。誤： China is larger that any country in Asia.正: China is larger than any other country in Asia.誤：John studies harder than any student in his class.正: John studies harder than any other student in his class.正: John studies harder than any of the other students in his class.正: Jo

13、hn studies harder than anyone else in his class.比較要遵循前后一致的原則，注意前后呼應(yīng)。The populati on of Shan ghai is larger tha n that of Beiji ng.It is easier to make a pla n tha n to carry it out.序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級。Africa is the sec ond largest continent.The Yellow River is the sec ond Ion gest river in China.This is the

14、 third most popular song of Michael Jacks on.為避免重復(fù)，我們通常用that, those, one, ones代替前面出現(xiàn)的名詞。that代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，those代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。one既可指人又可指物，只能代替可數(shù)名詞。The weather in China is different from that in America.The book on the table is more interesting than that(或 the one)on the desk.A box made of steel is stron

15、ger tha n one made of wood.誤：In win ter, the weather of Beiji ng is colder tha n it of Shan ghai.正: In win ter, the weather of Beiji ng is colder tha n that of Shan ghai. “否定詞+比較級”相當(dāng)于最高級。-Wait un til we get a satisfactory reply, will you?-1 could n't agree more. The idea sounds great to me.Noth

16、ing is so easy as this. =Noth ing is easier tha n this. =This is the easiest thing.比較級前一般不加冠詞。但表示兩者中較突出者，且比較級后又有名詞或出現(xiàn)了of the two，這時比較級前一定要加the。He is the taller of the two.Of the two jobs ， he chose the harder.Which is the youn ger one, Lily or Lucy?試比較：Which is larger, Can ada or Australia?Which is

17、the larger coun try, Can ada or Australia?She is taller tha n her two sisters.She is the taller of the two sisters.不含than的比較級前可加不定冠詞修飾，構(gòu)成“ a/an+比較級+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“一個 更的人/物”。Why don' t you use a sharper knife?你為什么不用一把更鋒利的刀呢？比較級than后應(yīng)用人稱代詞的主格，但非正式語體中常用賓格。He is taller tha n I/me.為避免重復(fù)，比較級中同樣的動詞用助動詞do, d

18、oes, did 替代。I spe nd less time doing homework tha n Joh n does.She tells more funny jokes than we do.以下內(nèi)容不是初中教學(xué)的重點，僅供拓展之用。形容詞most前面沒有the，不表示最高級的含義，只表示“非?！?。It is a most importa nt problem.=It is a very importa nt problem.倍數(shù)表達法 A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.The new buil

19、di ng is four times the size(the height)of the old one.這座新樓是那座舊樓的四倍大(高)/這座新樓比那座舊樓大(高)三倍。 A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.Asia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲是歐洲的四倍大 /亞洲比歐洲大三倍。 A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, l on ger, etc.)tha n B.Your school is three times b

20、igger than ours.你們的學(xué)校比我們的學(xué)校大三倍。用times表倍數(shù)通常用于三倍以上，兩倍可以用twice或double.形容詞副詞比較級最高級重點句型歸納句型一：形容詞或副詞比較級+than注意事項：該句型為比較級的最基本句型。只要看到than，即可確定前面使用比較級。He is taller than I am.The boy does his homework more carefully than the girl.句型二：less +形容詞的原級+ than注意事項：該句型表示“不如、不及”，特別需要注意的是，less本身就是little 的比較級，后面必須跟形容詞的原級

21、，否定就造成了比較級的重復(fù)使用。This computer is less expe nsive tha n that one.句型三：as +形容詞或副詞的原級 + as注意事項：該句型表示對比的兩者程度相當(dāng)，as之間必須跟形容詞或副詞的原級，決不能使用比較級。此外，還要確定使用形容詞還是副詞。確定的依據(jù)就是根據(jù)第一個as前的動詞，如果是系動詞（如be,感官動詞look, sou nd, smell, taste, feel等），那么就用形容詞的原級，如果前面的動詞是一般的實義動詞，那么就必須用副詞的原級修飾動詞。This less on is as easy as that one.Luc

22、y talks with old people as politely as her sister.特別提醒：asas之間也可以跟名詞，句型如下： as +形容詞+ a/an + 單數(shù)名詞+asHe is as kind a person as his father.他和他爸爸一樣都是善良的人。 as + many/much+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) +asI can carry as much paper as you can.你能搬多少紙，我也能。I have as many books as you do.我的書和你的一樣多。We' ll give you as much hel

23、p as we can.我們將盡我們所能給你幫助。其它幾個關(guān)于 asas的句型： as as one can :盡其所能He bega n to run as fast as he could. as as possible :盡可能Please help us as quickly as possible. as soon as 一就He will call me as soon as he comes here.句型四：not as/so + 形容詞或副詞的原級 + as注意事項：該句型表示“前者不如后者”，往往可以與句型一和句型二替換。第一個as可以換為so。This classroom

24、 is not as bright as yours.I cannot run as fast as you.句型五：the +形容詞或副詞最高級+ in / of / among +比較范圍如果這里為副詞最高級，前面的某一范圍內(nèi)”，如： in the classroom語同類，另名詞前一般有冠詞the o among表示沒有修飾語的名詞。of后面的詞與主among后接代詞或注意事項:the常常省略。介詞in和of的用法完全不一樣。in表示“在 ,in the world 。 of表示“在同類之間”，"在（三者或三者以上）之間”，The Chan gjia ng River is t

25、he Ion gest river in our country.Peter is the tallest of the six stude nts.This picture is the most beautiful among these.句型六：one of + 形容詞最高級+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式注意事項：one of有三大考點：1.后跟形容詞最高級；2.后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式；3.作主語時主語為one,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。One of the smallest dino saurs was about one metre long.句型七：比較級 +and +比較級/ more and mo

26、re +多音節(jié)詞的原級注意事項：該句型表示“越來越”，如果該形容詞比較級構(gòu)成形式加er,則用前面的句型；如果該形容詞比較級加 more構(gòu)成，則用后面的句型。It is getting hotter and hotter.The girl is beco ming more and more beautiful.句型八：the +比較級+,the + 比較級+注意事項：該句型意思為“越就越”，表示兩種情況同時變化。The more you eat, the fatter you will be.In the test, the more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.