語法填空解題技巧

1、語法填空語法填空解題技巧解題技巧 .語法填空題語法填空題空格設(shè)計(jì)空格設(shè)計(jì)純空格純空格介詞，連詞，代詞，限定詞，介詞，連詞，代詞，限定詞，從句引導(dǎo)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從句引導(dǎo)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)助動(dòng)詞等強(qiáng)調(diào)助動(dòng)詞等有有提提示示詞詞動(dòng)詞，（動(dòng)詞，（ 謂語、非謂語）謂語、非謂語）名詞，名詞， （主語，賓語、詞性變（主語，賓語、詞性變化）化）形容詞，副詞，形容詞，副詞，（形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)或最（形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)）高級(jí)）例例1. I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and _ gets there almost in a second

2、.it 技巧技巧1 1 ：主句主句缺主語或賓語，一缺主語或賓語，一定是填代詞或名詞（多考代詞）。定是填代詞或名詞（多考代詞）。Attentions. Make sure what function the sentence is missing and then decide what to fill in.例例2. Whenever he was discouraged or faced difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this bea

3、utiful child _ had put it there. who技巧技巧1 1：定語從句定語從句 缺主語或賓語，缺主語或賓語，一定是填適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞，如：一定是填適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞，如：who, that, which, whom。技巧技巧2 2：定從句定從句 缺缺地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語用用_, 缺缺時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語用用_，缺，缺原因狀語原因狀語用用_，例例3. While she was getting me settled (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse t

4、o my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away _there was a garage. where why when where例例4.But _ you may not know is that with this simple act you are sending information to possibly hundreds of machines. what名詞性從句名詞性從句主語，賓語，同位語，表語從句主語，賓語，同位語，表語從句】引導(dǎo)詞】引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語或賓語在從句中作主語或賓語 what , whi

5、ch, who, whom . 狀語，狀語， where, how , when , why 不作任何成份不作任何成份 that thatThe reason I plan to go is_ she will be disappointed if I dont. The kids were asked _ they viewed the future, the world as it currently is , and themselves. how技巧技巧3 3：名詞前面名詞前面 若沒有限定詞（冠詞，形若沒有限定詞（冠詞，形容詞性物主代詞，不定代詞），很可能是填容詞性物主代詞，不定代詞）

6、，很可能是填限定詞。限定詞。例例5. It is said that a short-tempered( 急脾氣急脾氣的的） man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help _ rice crop grow up quickly. his 例例13 What is acceptable in one country_be considered exytremely rude in another. 例例14 He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his w

7、ife, but he _ bring home a regular salary.maydid技巧技巧5 5：若結(jié)構(gòu)完整，若結(jié)構(gòu)完整， 空格后的謂語動(dòng)詞是原型，空格后的謂語動(dòng)詞是原型，很有可能是填很有可能是填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 或或 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或倒裝表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或倒裝的助動(dòng)詞（的助動(dòng)詞（do,does,diddo,does,did等）。等）。技巧技巧4 4 ：介詞介詞 的使用要注意搭配和上下文的使用要注意搭配和上下文語境提示。語境提示。例例7. I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car bro

8、ke (break) down near a remote and poor village. Cursing (咒罵咒罵）my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me a guest in their house. as技巧技巧4 4 ：介詞介詞 的使用要注意搭

9、配和上下文的使用要注意搭配和上下文語境提示。語境提示。例例9. The little girl looked up _ him with tears rolling from her eyes and said: “Daddy, its not empty. I blew kisses into it _until_ it was all full.” The father was crushed. He fell _his knees and put his arms around his precious little girl. He begged her to forgive him

10、for his unnecessary anger. aton例例10 This rule states that 55% of the meaning of communication is in body language ,38% is in tonality(音調(diào)）音調(diào)） 17% is in words and技巧技巧4 4 ：兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)句子句子之間沒有連接詞，之間沒有連接詞，可能是填連詞可能是填連詞或從屬連詞或從屬連詞。（ and/but and/but /or/or、as/ althoughas/ although) )例例12. I wanted to see as m

11、uch of the city as possible in the two days _ I was to return to Guangzhou. and例例13. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _ he felt very happy.例例14. When I am finished, I just come back home. I have to work ,_ we wont get food. but or例例11. all I saw was this beartiful girl, whose smil

12、e just melted me _ almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. and技巧技巧4 4 ：同一個(gè)主語同一個(gè)主語發(fā)出兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)動(dòng)作，發(fā)出兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)動(dòng)作，且且時(shí)態(tài)一致，時(shí)態(tài)一致，中間沒有連詞，一定是填連詞。中間沒有連詞，一定是填連詞。 Bennet Cerf tells his touching storyabout a bus _ was bumping _ aback road in the South. In one seat an old man sat holding

13、 a bunch of fresh flowers. Across the aisle(過過道道)was a young girl whose eyes came back again and again _ the mans flowers. The time came _ the old man to get off. Without much thinking, _ thrust(插入）插入） the flowers into the girls lap. “I can see you love _ flowers,” Pasage Practice 1that/whichalongto

14、forhethe一、一、考查考查動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 （謂語、非謂語）（謂語、非謂語）例例 1 In Greece, women had little freedom. Wealthy women hardly left their houses, but they_(allow) to attend weddings and some festivals. were allowed此題就涉及到動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主此題就涉及到動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致三條語法規(guī)則。謂一致三條語法規(guī)則。解題技巧解題技巧（二）（二）例例2 Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since t

15、he start of the year, _(reach) a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.解析：解析：當(dāng)句子已有謂語時(shí)，又出現(xiàn)一個(gè)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)考當(dāng)句子已有謂語時(shí)，又出現(xiàn)一個(gè)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮用動(dòng)詞的分詞形式。（慮用動(dòng)詞的分詞形式。（ doing, done, to do) reachingGlobal warming could be one of the biggest environmental problems _ ( face) the 21st. The tried every means to rescue the miners_( tr

16、ap) underground. facing trapped例例3. What Darwin said was an attack on peoples religious _( believe)二二 ?？疾槊~。考查名詞 （ 注意單復(fù)數(shù)或詞性變化）注意單復(fù)數(shù)或詞性變化）例例4.It would be _ (belief) that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends!un believable beliefs例5. Do you know the same one color may mean _( differen

17、t) in different places of the world? differently三，考查形容詞三，考查形容詞 /副詞（注意詞形變化或副詞（注意詞形變化或比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)）比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)）Using your computer to search the Web has effects that reach _ ( far) than your own home. farther When I was growing up I do not recall hearing the words “I love you” from my father. When your father

18、never says _ to you when you are a child, it gets tougher and tougher for him _(say) those words as he gets _(old). To tell you the truth, I could not honestly remember _ I had last said those words to him either. I decided to set my ego(自負(fù)自負(fù)） aside and make the first move. _ some hesitation, in our

19、 next phone conversation I blurted （突然說出突然說出）out the words, “Dad I love you!”Pasage Practice 2themto sayolderAfterwhenIn the United States, there were 222 people _（report）to be billionaires（億億萬富翁）萬富翁）in 2003. The _( wealthy)of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, _ made his money _start

20、ing the company Microsoft. Mr. Gates was only 21 years old _he first helped to set up the company in 1976. He was a billionaire _the time he was 31. reportedreportedwealthiestwealthiestwho bywhen byWill _ matter if you dont take your breakfast? Recently a test _ (give) in the United Sates. Those tes

21、ts included people of different _(age) from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got no breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see _ well their bodies worked and when they had eaten_certain kind of breakfast. The results show th

22、at if a person eats a proper breakfast, he _ she will work with better effect _ if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be _ (especial) true if a person works _ his brains. For example, if a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and l

23、isten with_ (much) attention in class.itwas givenageshowathanespeciallywithmore or學(xué)習(xí)建議學(xué)習(xí)建議： 、掌握單詞、詞組、掌握單詞、詞組 、懂得分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)、懂得分析句子結(jié)構(gòu) 、多聽、多說、多讀、多寫，增強(qiáng)語感、多聽、多說、多讀、多寫，增強(qiáng)語感Practice makes perfect!技巧技巧2 2：狀從句狀從句 缺缺地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語用用_, 缺缺時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語用用_，缺，缺原因狀語原因狀語用用_，方式狀語方式狀語用用_例例4. It is said that the father kept that lit

24、tle gold box by his bed for all the years of his life. _ he was discouraged and faced with difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful girl. When/Whenever why when/ whenever where/wherever how / however例例5. ._ old you are, its not too

25、 late to make your life more interesting. However 例例15 _ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG(味精味精). 例例16 _ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise. 例例17 as _ took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two world-famous artists.itOnly技巧技巧6 6：由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來

26、判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞it 例例18 Dating sites also make _ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in. 例例19 This made the goat so jealous _ it began plotting against the donkey. 例例20 Cynthias story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares _ how much he pays.itthat技巧技巧

27、6 6：由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞than 例例21 It is said that _ used to be a theatre here.there技巧技巧6 6：由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞由特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞 例例22 One day, he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day.thathe explained, “and I think my wife _like for you

28、to have them. Ill tell her I gave _ to you.” The girl accepted the flowers, _ then watched the old man get off the bus and walk through the gate of a small cemetery. Pasage Practice 1wouldandthem When I was growing up I do not recall hearing the words “I love you” from my father. When your father ne

29、ver says _ to you when you are a child, it gets tougher and tougher for him _(say) those words as he gets _(old). To tell you the truth, I could not honestly remember _ I had last said those words to him either. I decided to set my ego aside and make the first move. _ some hesitation, in our next ph

30、one conversation I blurted out the words, “Dad I love you!”Pasage Practice 2themto sayolderAfterwhen There was a silence at the _ end and he _(awkward)replied, “well, same back at you!” I laughed and said, “Dad, I know you love me, and when you are ready, I know you _(say) what you want to say”Pasag

31、e Practice 2will sayawkwardlyother A few weeks later, Dad concluded our phone conversation _ the words, “Paul, I love you.” I was at work during this conversation and the tears were rolling down my cheeks _ I finally “heard” the love. As we both sat there in tears we realized that this special momen

32、t had taken out father-son relationship to a new level.Pasage Practice 2as/becausewith語法填空解題技巧語法填空解題技巧（“由大到小由大到小” ）1、通讀全文、了解大意、把握特征、弄清文脈。通讀全文、了解大意、把握特征、弄清文脈。2、巧用已知，巧用已知，連線畫圖連線畫圖、降低難度、鋪平道路。、降低難度、鋪平道路。3、理解句意、分析結(jié)構(gòu)、大膽猜測(cè)、各個(gè)擊破理解句意、分析結(jié)構(gòu)、大膽猜測(cè)、各個(gè)擊破 。4、重讀全篇、仔細(xì)核查、語法正確、語意貫通。重讀全篇、仔細(xì)核查、語法正確、語意貫通。5、拼寫正確、書寫規(guī)范、大小寫準(zhǔn)確

33、（注意三寫）。、拼寫正確、書寫規(guī)范、大小寫準(zhǔn)確（注意三寫）。學(xué)習(xí)建議學(xué)習(xí)建議： 、掌握單詞、詞組、掌握單詞、詞組 、懂得分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)、懂得分析句子結(jié)構(gòu) 、多聽、多說、多讀、多寫，增強(qiáng)語感、多聽、多說、多讀、多寫，增強(qiáng)語感Practice makes perfect!廣東高考英語語法填廣東高考英語語法填空題專題講座空題專題講座 Rational Cloze二、考慮語境。既然采用短文的形式來考考慮語境。既然采用短文的形式來考查語法，其目的就是要利用短文有較強(qiáng)查語法，其目的就是要利用短文有較強(qiáng)語境的特點(diǎn)來命題，否則，就不如用單語境的特點(diǎn)來命題，否則，就不如用單句來考查語法了。也就是說，考生要填句來考

34、查語法了。也就是說，考生要填出正確答案，至少需理解整個(gè)句子的意出正確答案，至少需理解整個(gè)句子的意思或各分句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，或者需要思或各分句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，或者需要理解前后幾個(gè)句子，甚至整個(gè)段落或篇理解前后幾個(gè)句子，甚至整個(gè)段落或篇章。章。例例4 Several changes have brought wild animals to the . Foremost, air and water quality in many cities have improved as a result of the 1970s pollution control efforts解析：在冠詞解析：在冠詞th

35、e后必定是名詞，再根據(jù)下句后必定是名詞，再根據(jù)下句可確定要填可確定要填cities。點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題若只根據(jù)設(shè)空句本身，而不閱讀并點(diǎn)評(píng)：本題若只根據(jù)設(shè)空句本身，而不閱讀并理解下文，是不可能填出正確答案的。理解下文，是不可能填出正確答案的。三、考點(diǎn)分散。基本上一個(gè)空格代表一個(gè)語三、考點(diǎn)分散?；旧弦粋€(gè)空格代表一個(gè)語法點(diǎn)，法點(diǎn)，10個(gè)空有可能涉及到個(gè)空有可能涉及到10個(gè)語法點(diǎn)，個(gè)語法點(diǎn)，至少也得有至少也得有7個(gè)語法點(diǎn)。筆者認(rèn)為，即使對(duì)個(gè)語法點(diǎn)。筆者認(rèn)為，即使對(duì)一些非常重要的語法項(xiàng)目，如動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、一些非常重要的語法項(xiàng)目，如動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、非謂語動(dòng)詞、不定代詞等，單獨(dú)一項(xiàng)也可非謂語動(dòng)詞、不定代詞等，單獨(dú)一項(xiàng)也可能

36、是一空，至多兩空，設(shè)三空的可能性是能是一空，至多兩空，設(shè)三空的可能性是極小的。極小的。四、適當(dāng)提示。但是若涉及到動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語四、適當(dāng)提示。但是若涉及到動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語動(dòng)詞、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換等需要詞形變化態(tài)、非謂語動(dòng)詞、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換等需要詞形變化的空格的空格.例例7 Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _(reach) a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.解析：解析：reach及后面的內(nèi)容是伴隨著謂語動(dòng)詞及后面的內(nèi)容是伴隨著謂語動(dòng)詞的發(fā)生而產(chǎn)生的自然結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在分

37、詞作狀的發(fā)生而產(chǎn)生的自然結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填語，故填reaching。例例8 It would be _ (believe) that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends!解析：因?yàn)樵谙祫?dòng)詞解析：因?yàn)樵谙祫?dòng)詞be后作表語，要用后作表語，要用believe的形容詞形式的形容詞形式believale；由句意由句意“這樣一個(gè)這樣一個(gè)老實(shí)人竟會(huì)出賣朋友，真難以置信老實(shí)人竟會(huì)出賣朋友，真難以置信!”可知，可知，還要在前面加上表示相反意義的前綴還要在前面加上表示相反意義的前綴un，答答案為案為unbelievable。五五、

38、出題一般涉及到以下幾個(gè)方面：出題一般涉及到以下幾個(gè)方面：1）動(dòng)詞與介詞或副詞搭配構(gòu)成的固定動(dòng)詞與介詞或副詞搭配構(gòu)成的固定動(dòng)詞短語；動(dòng)詞短語；2）冠詞的用法；）冠詞的用法；3）連詞的用法，包括從屬連詞和并）連詞的用法，包括從屬連詞和并列連詞；列連詞；）派生詞的用法；）派生詞的用法；5）動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式；）動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式；6）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法；）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法；7）定語從句、名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞）定語從句、名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞等。等。 解答語法填空題的八條思路解答語法填空題的八條思路1. 根據(jù)語法知識(shí)進(jìn)行填充根據(jù)語法知識(shí)進(jìn)行填充2. 根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行填充根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行填充3. 根據(jù)語篇標(biāo)志進(jìn)行填充根據(jù)語

39、篇標(biāo)志進(jìn)行填充語篇是指比單個(gè)句子長(zhǎng)的語言單位（句群、段落、語篇是指比單個(gè)句子長(zhǎng)的語言單位（句群、段落、篇章等）。語篇間往往有標(biāo)明內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞，篇章等）。語篇間往往有標(biāo)明內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的詞，我們稱這些詞為我們稱這些詞為“語篇標(biāo)志詞語篇標(biāo)志詞”。如表示結(jié)。如表示結(jié)構(gòu)層次的有構(gòu)層次的有first, second, third, finally等；等；表示邏輯關(guān)系的有表示邏輯關(guān)系的有thus，therefore，so等；等；表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系或變換話題的有表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系或變換話題的有however, but, by the way等。等?！罢Z篇標(biāo)志詞語篇標(biāo)志詞”對(duì)迅速理清對(duì)迅速理清文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文關(guān)系很有幫助

40、。文章的脈絡(luò)，弄清上下文關(guān)系很有幫助。4.根據(jù)固定詞組進(jìn)行填充根據(jù)固定詞組進(jìn)行填充熟練掌握一些常見的詞組，如熟練掌握一些常見的詞組，如as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, congratulateon, devoteto, earn ones living, keep ones word, make up ones mind等，對(duì)解題很有幫助。等，對(duì)解題很有幫助。 5. 根據(jù)句型搭配進(jìn)行填根據(jù)句型搭配進(jìn)行填,就是根據(jù)一些常用的句就是根據(jù)一些常用的句型搭配，如型搭配，如so/suchthat, it is(for sb.) to

41、do sth., There is no doubt that, there is no sense in doing sth.等來解題。等來解題。6. 根據(jù)詞匯知識(shí)進(jìn)行填充根據(jù)詞匯知識(shí)進(jìn)行填充指根據(jù)某些詞語在用法上的特殊搭配來解題。指根據(jù)某些詞語在用法上的特殊搭配來解題。如下列各類動(dòng)詞必須牢記：只能接動(dòng)詞的如下列各類動(dòng)詞必須牢記：只能接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞，只能接形式作賓語的動(dòng)詞，只能接to do作賓作賓語的動(dòng)詞，接語的動(dòng)詞，接to do作補(bǔ)語的動(dòng)詞，接作補(bǔ)語的動(dòng)詞，接do作補(bǔ)語的動(dòng)詞，接作補(bǔ)語的動(dòng)詞，接doing或或done作補(bǔ)語的作補(bǔ)語的動(dòng)詞，對(duì)句式搭配要求較為特別的詞語，動(dòng)詞

42、，對(duì)句式搭配要求較為特別的詞語，等等。等等。7. 根據(jù)生活常識(shí)進(jìn)行填充根據(jù)生活常識(shí)進(jìn)行填充I crossed the street to avoid 1 (meet) him, but he saw me and came running towards me. It was no use 2 (pretend) that I had not seen him, so I waved to him. I never enjoy 3 (meet) Nigel Dykes. He never has anything 4 (do). No matter how busy you are, he a

43、lways insists on 5 (come) with you.meetingpretendingmeetingto do coming三、備考策略1不斷記憶，積累詞匯。不斷記憶，積累詞匯。語法填空題對(duì)單詞提出了比以前更高的要求，語法填空題對(duì)單詞提出了比以前更高的要求，它不但要求考生認(rèn)識(shí)單詞，還要求能寫出一些它不但要求考生認(rèn)識(shí)單詞，還要求能寫出一些要求的單詞。這就要求考生平時(shí)要求的單詞。這就要求考生平時(shí)不斷地記憶單不斷地記憶單詞，不斷地積累詞匯詞，不斷地積累詞匯，千方百計(jì)地把我們的詞，千方百計(jì)地把我們的詞匯量提高上去。考試時(shí)才能隨心所欲的寫出單匯量提高上去?？荚嚂r(shí)才能隨心所欲的寫出單詞，填出固定搭配。詞，填出固定搭配。2夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，學(xué)好語法。夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，學(xué)好語法。英語的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)瑣碎繁雜，不是一朝一英語的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)瑣碎繁雜，不是一朝一夕就能掌握的，它要求我們平時(shí)多聽，夕就能掌握的，它要求我們平時(shí)多聽，多讀，多記，夯實(shí)自己的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)；我多讀，多記，夯實(shí)自己的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)；我們還要堅(jiān)定不移地加強(qiáng)語法的學(xué)習(xí)，尤們還要堅(jiān)定不移地加強(qiáng)語法的學(xué)習(xí)，尤其是長(zhǎng)句、難句、復(fù)雜句的分析。只有其是長(zhǎng)句、難句、