高三英語學(xué)科二輪語法專題復(fù)習(xí)教師輔導(dǎo)教案-名詞性從句

1、高三英語學(xué)科二輪語法專題復(fù)習(xí)教師輔導(dǎo)教案名詞性從句教學(xué)內(nèi)容學(xué)員編號(hào)：學(xué)員姓名：YYY年 級：高三輔導(dǎo)科目：英語課時(shí)數(shù)：3 學(xué)科教師：XX名詞性從句教學(xué)目標(biāo)清楚名詞性從句的分類，掌握名詞性從句連接詞的用法。授課日期X X年X X月X X日Stepl:1Step2名詞性從句學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句共有四種：主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句和同位語從句I have an id門一Whet's ida？批注：注意Lucas說的話，其中包含的教育意義是一方面；另外一方面是他說的話中有我們今天要學(xué)習(xí)的兩大名詞性從句?？纯催@兩個(gè)從句有什么特點(diǎn)?My idea is that everyone should hel

2、p others in need.What did you talk about just now?I told Lucy an idea thateveryone should help others in need.高中主語從句用法詳解6、主語從句概念：在句子中起主語作用的從句叫做主語從句；是四種名詞性從句之一。It seems unlikely.（主+系+表結(jié)構(gòu)，it是句子的主語）【演變】 如果it相當(dāng)于You will win the medal.I 等量代換后變?yōu)?That you will win the medal seems unlikely.主語（相當(dāng)于it）、引導(dǎo)詞：主語從

3、句的引導(dǎo)詞與賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞大體相同，略有差異。用1、連詞that1）連詞that在主語從句中白一般用法 ：that引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，在句中 不做成分.無意義,不可以省略。從句不缺成分和意義，用that引導(dǎo)，位于句首不能省略與賓語從句的差異n【例句】 That you are so indifferent bothers me.（主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)）2） That she survived the accident is a miracle.（主系表結(jié)構(gòu)）從句中不缺成分和意義，用that引導(dǎo)，位于句首不能省略批注：讓學(xué)員自己分析看看從句本身是哪種結(jié)構(gòu)，借此檢驗(yàn)學(xué)員對五大基本句型的掌握程度。中 、2、連詞

4、 whether : whether在從句中不作成分，有含義（是否），不能省略。if不能引導(dǎo)一語從句放在句首（前面學(xué)習(xí)賓語從句時(shí)提到過）。 但是如果用it做形式豐語，而把中語從句放在句末 時(shí),也 可以用if引導(dǎo)?！纠洹縒hether we will hold a party in the open i：ir tomorrow depends on the weatheruIt depends on the weather if we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow.it代替，這樣就能清晰批注：若學(xué)員不懂為什么框內(nèi)是主語部分，可以借鑒數(shù)學(xué)中

5、的等量代換思想，將框內(nèi)部分用 明了。比3、連詞代詞、連接副詞:421）連接代詞：同賓語從句一樣，由連接代詞who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引導(dǎo)的主語從句中，連接代詞在從句中要擔(dān)當(dāng)一定的成分，主要擔(dān)當(dāng) 圭迨、宴迨、走迨、定語等成分。例句What you need is more practice.whatever, whoever在主語從句中不含疑問意義;Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.，吾whatever=any

6、thing that; whoever=anyone who;要注意和whatever, whoever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句的區(qū)別。如:Where she is from is unknown.2）連接副詞：同賓語從句一樣，由連接副詞 when, where, why, how 引導(dǎo)的主語從句中，連接副詞也要擔(dān)當(dāng)一定的成分.多數(shù)情況下做狀語?！纠洹縒hen they will leave is not decided.主語批注：引導(dǎo)詞這部分內(nèi)容與之前講解賓語從句時(shí)大致相同，所以沒有過多展開；但需要根據(jù)學(xué)員實(shí)際水平調(diào)整例句數(shù)量。、it構(gòu)成的主語從句及虛擬語氣。常用it作形式【例句1】【例句2】需

7、要注意的是，it作形式主語代替主語從句時(shí)，要注意和as引導(dǎo)的定語從句 的區(qū)別。試比較:1、it構(gòu)成的主語從句：由that引導(dǎo)的主語從句有時(shí)為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，避免“頭重腳輕”主語，而把從句放在后面。此時(shí)that可以省略。As was reported, the !.rS was iiiidef the teiionsT attack事實(shí)是是好消息It is +名詞+從句It is a question that是個(gè)問題It was reported thattile US was lurIciHie lei t or i st a thick批注：若學(xué)員能夠容易區(qū)分，一帶而過；若學(xué)員不能明白定

8、語從句，那么先從句意上幫助學(xué)員區(qū)分使用；而不宜在 此時(shí)引入過多定語從句的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，以免學(xué)員弄混兩種結(jié)構(gòu)。）常見用it作形式主語的復(fù)合句結(jié)構(gòu):尸It is a fact that It is good news that是常識(shí)、It is common knowledge that類似的名詞還有： a pity; a wonder; a good thing; no wonder; surprise 等。/ It is necessarythat有必要很清楚It is clear thatit is +形容詞+從句It is likely that很可能、It is important that

9、重要的是據(jù)說It is +過去分詞+從句It is reported that據(jù)報(bào)道It has been proved that已證明It must be proved that 必須指出類似的形容詞還有：strange; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible; unlikely; quite; unusual; certain;evident; worth-while; surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc.It is said thatH 他：It seems (happened

10、/ appears / doesnt matter / makes no olccerenced me )thatItw晅聯(lián)11詠山小 will ivm (lieIt doe not mail ciifi iiLiedmyIt makes noihtfeiencewhether hu williftend rlieUltidUill 01 llulIt luippejLvd llmt I-hiiuyesterday.去2、主語從句中虛擬語氣的用法:'1） "It is （was） +形容詞（或過去分詞）+ that 主語從句結(jié)構(gòu)中的虛擬語氣:在該結(jié)構(gòu)中，使用某些表示 愿望、建

11、議、請求、命令、可能、適當(dāng)、迫切、重要等形容詞或過去分詞時(shí)，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣，即, 可以省略。should + 動(dòng)詞原型.其中 should這類常見的形容詞有：natural（自然的）,appropriate （適當(dāng)?shù)模?，advisable （合適的）preferable （更可取的）,better （更好的）,necessary（必要的），important （重要的）,imperative（急需的）（可能的）5奇怪的）,urgent（急迫的）,essential（重要的），vital （重要的），probable （很可能的）,desirable （理想的），compulsor

12、y （必須的），incredible （難以置信的）,possible,strange這類常見的過去分詞有 ：required （需要），demanded （要求）,requested,（要求）（要求）suggested,（建議）recommended,（推薦）ordered;（命令）desired,類似的過去分詞還有：known; estimated; expected; believed; thought; hoped; noted; discussed; required; decided;suggested; demanded; made clear; found out, etc.儂

13、2) “It is +名詞+ that主語從句結(jié)構(gòu)中的虛擬語氣:在該結(jié)構(gòu)中，使用某些表示建議、命令、請求、道歉、懷疑、驚奇等名詞時(shí)，從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣，即， should + 動(dòng)詞原型，其中 should可以省略。這類常見的名詞有：advice, decision, desire, demand, idea, motion, order, pity, preference,proposal, recommendation, requirement, resolution, shame, suggestion, surprise, wish, wonder 等?！纠洹縄t is ne

14、cessary that we (should) have a walk now.It is required that nobody (should) smoke huR.It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad.批注：通過課后作業(yè)來鞏固和強(qiáng)化虛擬語氣這部分內(nèi)容，不必要求學(xué)員一定要把這些詞一一記下；我們的目標(biāo)是這 些詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)，學(xué)員能夠想到用虛擬語氣的形式。岑*三、主語從句的規(guī)律When he will come are a puzzle. (x)When he will come is a puzzle. (v)主席從

15、句中的隹H不能串身使用含主沿從句的主 句謂消動(dòng)句多用 信敕第二人林股 式*，:也問安主語從句一評用 陳述語序含主語從句的 主句謂語動(dòng)詞多用 第三人稱單數(shù)必加引導(dǎo)的主語 從句.，甲根據(jù)表 語決定主句動(dòng)詢 的型受敬形式* （電咧句）whether H以引導(dǎo) 主需從句放在比 首,if不能連建that不能省 略，位if作形式主 語，從句后首時(shí) Mi at 7鼠:百略規(guī)律主務(wù)從何為丁避 曳頭至孫輕K奔.用網(wǎng)作形式主語， 書把吊放在后面【例句】What he needs is that book.（主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表語 that book是單數(shù)，所以主句謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)）What he needs are so

16、me books.（主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表語 some books是復(fù)數(shù)，所以主句謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)）典型例題Has it ever struck you it would be like to have no one you could trust?A. thatB. whoC. whichD. what【解析】D.本題考查名詞性從句中的主語從句。it做形式主語，真正的主語是后面的從句；做題時(shí)可以把主干部分變?yōu)殛愂鼍洌矗篒t has ever struck you it would be like to have no one you could trust.;然后分析從句成分，從句中的it也是形式主

17、語，真正的主語是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式，因此 be like后面缺少表語，表示“沒有一個(gè)可以信任的人 將會(huì)是什么樣子”所以引導(dǎo)詞選擇 D。we all know is the old lady, though she is very rich, still works every dayA. As; thatB. What; that C. It; whatD. That; why【解析】B.本題考查名詞性從句中的主語從句和表語從句。先看主語從句部分，從句謂語動(dòng)詞know后面缺少賓語，因此答案已經(jīng)鎖定 B項(xiàng)了。再看表語從句部分，從句中不缺少任何成分，意義也不殘缺，因此應(yīng)該選擇that。made th

18、ings worse, he said, was that his roommate never look part in any of the cleaning workA. WhatB. WhichC. ThatD. Who【解析】A.本題考查名詞性從句中的主語從句。he said看做插入語，主語從句部分白謂語動(dòng)詞 made前面缺少主語,而且不含疑問意義，所以答案鎖定A項(xiàng)。Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whom【解析】B.本題考查名詞性從句中的主語從句。從

19、句謂語動(dòng)詞offer后面缺少賓語，表示“ Barbara Jones 提供給粉絲們的東西是”不含疑問意義，因此選定B項(xiàng)。 some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C. ThatD. How【解析】B.本題考查名詞性從句中的主語從句。根據(jù) regardas sth.可知從句謂語動(dòng)詞regard后面缺少賓語,表示“一些人認(rèn)為是缺點(diǎn) 的東西”,不含疑問意義，所以答案鎖定B項(xiàng)。批注：通過這五例典型例題，再次證明what這個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞是經(jīng)常被考查的對象，應(yīng)當(dāng)引起學(xué)員注意。（建議5

20、-8分鐘）20the young man is in great need of a computer in his work is known to his boss.A. WhatB. ThatC. HowD. Whenthe children dream about is the freedoms to develop their special gift.A. WhichB. ThatC. WhatD. Howour eating ties in with our stress level is being studied and soon it will be clear.A. Th

21、atB. HowC. WhereD. WhatOne can ' t be really happy if he enjoys doing is regarded by society as of no importance.A. howB. thatC. whatD. whereDavid showed the report to the public surprises me.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhichD. Wholeft the door unlocked must be held responsible for the accident.A. Whomever

22、B. WhoeverC. WhateverD. Wheneverwe go there by train or by ship makes no difference . The time and the fees are the same.A. WhichB. HowC. WhetherD. WhyIt remains unknown the peace talk between the two countries is going to lead .A. whereB. whenC. howD . whyIt has been proved taking exercise regularl

23、y does good to one's health.A. whetherB . whenC. whatD. thatIt's reported that the new underground line has been completed.-Yes but it hasn't been made clear it's to be opened to traffic.A. thatB . whoC. whatD . when答案：BCBCB BCADD高中表語從句、同位語從句用法詳解、表語從句中1概今.1 在句子中起表語作用的從句叫做表語從句；是四種名詞性從

24、句之一。 表語從句放在系動(dòng)詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“小.語+系動(dòng)詞+表語從句 可以接表語從句的聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞有be, look, remain, seem, sound 等。中2、引導(dǎo)詞:主語t引導(dǎo)詞The trouble isth we are shout of money .1）連詞that: that引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí) 無詞義，不擔(dān)當(dāng)成分，通常不可以省略。（口語中有時(shí)可以省略）【例句】The reason was that he was late for school .2）連詞The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.wheth

25、er: whether引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)有詞義（是否），不擔(dān)當(dāng)成分，不可以省略。【例句】The question is whether we need more ice cream.The key is whether we can solve the problem.that和whether引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，主句主語常常是些抽象名詞，如question（問題），trouble（麻煩），problem（問題）,result（結(jié)果），chance（能性），suggestion（建議），idea（想法），reason啰由）等。表語從句對主句主語進(jìn)行說明、 解釋，使主語的內(nèi)容具體化。®3）連詞a

26、s if / as though: as if / as though引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí) 有詞義（好像，似乎），不但當(dāng)成分，不可以省略,可以 相互替換使用。【例句】It sounds as if/as though someone is knocking at the door.It looked as if/as though it was going to rain.您4）連詞because: because引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)有詞義（因?yàn)椋?，不?dān)當(dāng)成分，不可以省略。例句 That is because we never thought of it.Q5）連接代詞 who, whom, whose,

27、 what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever :連接代詞引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)有疑問詞也擔(dān)當(dāng)句子成分（主語、賓語、表語、定語） ，不能省略。從句謂語動(dòng)詞get后面 缺少賓語，選擇引導(dǎo)詞 who 來擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語，譯為“找誰”【例句】 The problem is who we can get to replace her.、The problem was who could do the work .從句謂語動(dòng)詞could do前面缺少主語， 選擇引導(dǎo)詞who來擔(dān)當(dāng)主語，譯為“誰能做”That is what we are inside.從句謂語動(dòng)詞 are后面缺少表

28、語，選擇引 導(dǎo)詞what來擔(dān)當(dāng)表語，譯為“內(nèi)在的東西”V 6）連接副詞 where, when, why, how: 連接副詞引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí) 有疑問詞義.擔(dān)當(dāng)句子成分（主要作狀語）.不能 省略?！纠洹縒hat I wonder is when he left. when在從句中做時(shí)間狀語why在從句中做原因狀語This is where they once lived. w where 在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語That is why I got wet through.That is how mice ruined many stores of grain every year. how 在從句中

29、做方式狀語批注：部分引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)，除了具有本身的“疑問意義”外，有時(shí)還可以表示“非疑問意義如：what可以表示“所 的"； This is what I can do in order to help you.這是我為幫助你 所能做的事情。心3、規(guī)律:表遇從句中11間 不可以喳咯主句吃志和從句 時(shí)態(tài)可以不一簟M不能引導(dǎo)表語 從句 r wheigt 可以一定用陳述語序典型例題35. 一 Do you think it wise for parents to do everything for their children?一No. That's they're

30、mistaken.A. whetherB. whenC. whatD. where【解析】D.本題考查表語從句。從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，即“那就是他們錯(cuò)誤的地方"，where可以作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以選才D D項(xiàng)。35. One of the glorious moments in my school life was I was awarded the Mayor' s AwardA. whyB. howC. thatD. when【解析】D.本題考查表語從句。從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語。即，“我學(xué)校生活中最輝煌的時(shí)刻就是我被授予市長獎(jiǎng)的時(shí)候”when可以作時(shí)間狀語，選擇 D項(xiàng)。23. Wh

31、at we can learn from the story is you mustn ' t blame children for the mistakes of their parents.A. whereB. whatC. whetherD. that【解析】D.本題考查表語從句。從句中不缺少任何成分，也不缺少意義，所以選擇D項(xiàng)that。專二、同位語從句1、什么是同位語： 一個(gè)名詞（或其他形式）對另一個(gè)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行解釋說明（通常緊挨在一起） 起解釋說明作用的名詞（或其他形式）就是另一個(gè)名詞的同位語。01）名詞作同位語【例句】Mr. Wang , my child ' s

32、 teacher be visiting us on Tuesday.作Mr. Wang的同位語，解釋說明 Mr. Wang是誰仇）短語作同位語【例句】Tom, the eldest child in his family , had to care for the other children.L作Tom的同位語，解釋說明 Tom是誰尊3）直接引語作同位語【例句】The question comes to their mind, Who can we turn to for help?”J作question的同位語，解釋說明question的內(nèi)容仇）句子作同位語，構(gòu)成同位語從句s iW2、同

33、位語從句概念：在句子中起同位語作用的從句，叫做同位語從句。它一般跟在某些名詞后面（通常為抽象名詞， 如： news, idea, fact, promise, question, doubt, thought, hope, message, suggestion, words, possibility 等），用以解釋 說明該名詞表示的具體內(nèi)容。抽象名詞從句補(bǔ)充說明抽象名詞表示的具體內(nèi)容【例句】I heard the news that our team had won.I引導(dǎo)詞抽象名詞從句補(bǔ)充說明抽象名詞表示的具體內(nèi)容I ve come from Mr. Wang with a message

34、 that he won't be able to see you this afternoon.引導(dǎo)詞®1）引導(dǎo)詞C 連詞that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí) 無意義，不但當(dāng)成分，不可以省略。 連，whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí) 有意義（是否），不擔(dān)當(dāng)成分，不可以省略。We followed his advice that we (should) ask our teacher for help .The worker's demand that they (should) have higher wages and better working conditions was

35、put aside.The order soon came that all civilians (should) evacuate the village.看四、易混淆引導(dǎo)詞辨析'i'1) that/whatrules曲虱在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分 乂起連登作jijwhat除起連接作用外，還在幺訶性從句中充1成分，可假從句的【小練習(xí)】1 .he wants is a book.2 . he wants to go there is obvious.3 .We should pay attention to the teacher is saying.4 .He told u

36、s he felt ill.5 .The result is we won the game.6 .This is we want to know.7 . I have no idea he did that afternoon.8 .The fact she works hard is well known to us all.【答案】1. What 2. That 3. what 4. (that) 5. (that) 6. what 7. what 8. that®2)whether/if3) that/why/because 引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)辨析 在由形式±語it引導(dǎo)

37、的X語從句和及物動(dòng)同h?ifii的賓語從句 中,表“是否"時(shí),whether/if都可以川 在前置主語從句、表內(nèi)從句、同位語從句和跟花介問后而 的賓語從句中，去“是否"時(shí)，只能用whether 在whether.q not fl whether to do【小練習(xí)】 I asked her she had a bike. I don ' t know he is well or not.3.we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.4.It hasn't been

38、 decided we shall attend the meeting.5.We' re worried about he is safe. 6. The question is he should do it.7.The doctor can hardly answer the question the old man will recover soon. 8. I don ' t know to go or to stay at home.【答案】1. whether/if2. whether3. Whether4. whether/if whether6. whether7. whether8. whether11 whether不i尼換成if that無訶義，且山reason作寸:語的表語從句只能用that引導(dǎo)why有詞義，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果 beca use行詞義,強(qiáng)調(diào)原因【小練習(xí)】1. I drove to Zhuhai fo