中考復(fù)習(xí)——句子種類Sure

1、 She is (not) a student. Is she a student ? Dont be careless. How clever she is ! (陳述句陳述句)(疑問句疑問句)(祈使句祈使句)(感嘆句感嘆句) 說明一個(gè)事實(shí)或陳述說話人的看法。說明一個(gè)事實(shí)或陳述說話人的看法。表示提出問題。表示提出問題。表示請求、命令、叮囑、建議等表示請求、命令、叮囑、建議等; 主語主語 是是you, 一般省略一般省略; 謂語動(dòng)詞用原形。謂語動(dòng)詞用原形。表示喜怒哀樂等情緒表示喜怒哀樂等情緒,多用多用how和和what開頭。開頭。句子種類句子種類考點(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)一1. 肯定陳述句肯定陳述句2. 否定陳

2、述句否定陳述句 eg. She is a student. She is not / isnt a student. He has not/ hasnt finished the work. They will not/ wont go the school . Mary can not/ cant speak Chinese. She is a student. He has finished the work. They will go the school . Mary can speak Chinese. 謂語動(dòng)詞是謂語動(dòng)詞是be,have或帶有或帶有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng) 詞的

3、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞詞的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞, ,否定句只要在其后加上否定句只要在其后加上not. . 陳述句陳述句(語序語序:主語主語+謂語謂語)陳述句陳述句2. 否定陳述句否定陳述句 He does not/ doesnt speak French. He did not/ didnt go to school yesterday.He speaks French.He went to school yesterday.謂語動(dòng)詞是謂語動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的否定句實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的否定句,是在實(shí)義是在實(shí)義 詞動(dòng)原形前加詞動(dòng)原形前加do(does) not/ dont(doesnt), , 過去時(shí)都用過去時(shí)都用didnt. 陳述句

4、陳述句2. 否定陳述句否定陳述句 Ive never been to Paris. I hardly go out these days because of the rain. Nobody knew the truth. I have little water. 句中含有句中含有never, nobody, hardly, little等等 否定含義詞的否定句否定含義詞的否定句不需要再加其它詞不需要再加其它詞. . 疑問句疑問句1. 一般疑問句一般疑問句2. 特殊疑問句特殊疑問句Is She a student ?Who is she ? Is She a student or a tea

5、cher ?She is a student, isnt she ? 疑問句的疑問句的語序語序:謂語謂語+主語主語3. 選擇疑問句選擇疑問句4. 反意疑問句反意疑問句考考 點(diǎn)二點(diǎn)二 疑問句疑問句 1. _ that pair of _ a little cheaper?(語序語序:謂語謂語+主語主語) A. Is; glass B. Are; glass C. Is; glasses D. Are; glasses 疑問句疑問句 2. -_ is Jeremy Lin? -He is a famous Harvard-educated, Asian-American NBA basketbal

6、l player.(語序語序:謂語謂語+主語主語) A. Where B. What C. Why D. When 疑問句疑問句 3. - Is this a Chinese book or an English book? -Oh, _.(語序語序:謂語謂語+主語主語) A. Yes, it is B. No, it isntC. An English book D. A music book 疑問句疑問句 4. -_ did Sure go to school so early? -To be on duty.(語序語序:謂語謂語+主語主語) A. Where B. What C. Why

7、 D. When用 How many；how many times; how much; how long; how far; how soon; how often 填空。 _ _ did you pay for the sweater? _ _ did you worked in that factory? - _ _ _ did he call you the day before yesterday? -Twice. -_ _ did he call you? -Twice a week._ _ will Jane and her brother finish the work? _

8、_ is it from here to the country? How muchHow longHow many timesHow oftenHow soonHow far4.反意疑問句反意疑問句 疑問句疑問句注意這些主語：1當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是不定代詞something/ anything/nothing/everything 等,或指示代詞that ，this時(shí)疑問部分主語用it，當(dāng)指示代詞是these，those時(shí)，后部分主語用they。 Everything is ready, ? This isnt a book , ？ These are books, ？ 2、當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是

9、不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問部分主語用they，或用he Everyone knows the answer, ? 或 ? isnt itis itdoesnt hedont theyarent they 結(jié)構(gòu)一：結(jié)構(gòu)一： 前肯，前肯，+ 后否后否 Be 動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞： 1. You are an actor, _ _ ? 2. He is a good boy, _ _ ? 3. It was fine yesterday, _ _ ? 4. You were studying when I called you las

10、t night, _ _ ? 5. She is going to visit me, _ _? 6. I am Chinese, _ _? arent you isnt he wasnt it werent you isnt she arent I行為動(dòng)詞：行為動(dòng)詞： 1. It often rains here, _ _ ? 2. He likes soccer, _ _ ? 3. You have a headache, _ _ ? 4. I called you yesterday, _ _?其它動(dòng)詞：其它動(dòng)詞： 1. You will go to America, _ _ ? 2.

11、We have ever been to Shanghai, _ _ ? doesnt it doesnt he dont you didnt I wont youhavent weC、特殊用法、特殊用法( (一一）1. His mother is a doctor, _ _ ?2. The dogs are fighting, _ _?3. There is a boy in our classroom, _ _ ?4. There were many cars in the street, _ _ ?5. There will be robots in our families, _ _

12、? isnt shearent they isnt therewerent therewont there三、特殊用法三、特殊用法( (二二） 6. Sit down please, _ ?7. Please call me, _?8. Lets go home, _ ?9. Let us go home, _ ?10. Let me see, _ ? will / wont youshall / shant we will / wont you will / wont youwill / wont you 結(jié)構(gòu)二：結(jié)構(gòu)二： 前否，前否，+ 后肯后肯 1. You arent an actor

13、, _ _ ? 2. He isnt a good boy, _ _ ? 3. It wasnt fine yesterday, _ _ ? 4. It doesnt rain here, _ _ ? 5. His sister doesnt have a headache, _ _ ? 6. You didnt call me yesterday, _ _? are you is hedoes itdoes she was itdid you7. You wont go to U.S.A., _ _?8. There isnt a boy in our classroom, _ _ ?9.

14、There werent many cars in the street, _ _ ?10. Dont smoke, _ _ ?11. Dont lets do it, _ _ ？will youis therewere therewill youshall weDont smoke in the meeting room, _? (A) do you (B) will you (C) can you (D) could you-否定祈使句 will you My uncle has never been to a foreign country, _? (A) has he (B) does

15、 he (C) hasnt he (D) doesnt he His sister had a bad cough, _ she? (A) wasnt (B) doesnt (C) hadnt (D) didnt When and where to build the lab hasnt be decided, _? A. hasnt it B. have they C. was it D. has itLets go and play football, _?Thats wonderful. (A) will you (B) do you (C) wont you (D) shall weL

16、et us go now, _?(A) will you (B) do you (C) shouldnt you (D) shall weLets shall we; let us will you. John can hardly understand any Chinese, _ he? (A) cant (B) doesnt (C) can (D) does -陳述部分含有 few , little , seldom , havdly , never , not , no , no one ,nobody , nothing , none , neither 等 ，反問句應(yīng)用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)。

17、I dont think you are right, _? (A) do I (B) dont I (C) are you (D) arent you He doesnt think you are right, _? (A)does he (B) doesnt he (C) are you (D) arent you反意問句的回答方法反意問句的回答方法eg.“You havent been to Beijing, have you ? ” “_. How I wish to go there!” A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I havent C. No, I have D

18、. No, I havent 在回答此類問題時(shí)在回答此類問題時(shí), 應(yīng)尊重事實(shí)應(yīng)尊重事實(shí),即如果事實(shí)即如果事實(shí)是是肯定肯定的，就用的，就用“Yes+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)肯定結(jié)構(gòu)”；如果；如果事實(shí)是事實(shí)是否定否定的，就用的，就用“No+否定結(jié)構(gòu)否定結(jié)構(gòu)”。D( (是的是的,沒有沒有.) - Your uncle isnt an engineer, is he?- _. he works at a school. A. Yes, he isnt B. No, he isnt C. No, he is D. Yes, he is 祈使句祈使句祈使句用以表示命令、請求、叮囑或建議，主語通常省略?？隙ㄊ街^語動(dòng)詞用原形

19、，否定式用 “Dont (Never) 動(dòng)詞原形” 。如：Turn on the light.開燈。Dont turn on the light.不要開燈。_ it with me and Ill see what I can do.A. When leftB. Leaving C. If you leaveD. Leave _ down the radio - the babys asleep in the next room.A. Turning B. To turn C. Turned D. TurnDont be late again, Mike?_.A. No, I dont B.

20、Dont worryC. Sorry, I wont D. I dont know【解析】選【解析】選C。 他是一名多好的學(xué)生??！他是一名多好的學(xué)生?。?What a good student he is != How good a student he is ! 修飾修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的感嘆句的感嘆句,既可以既可以 由由what引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo), 也可以由也可以由how引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo), , 但但 句式不同句式不同, ,不定冠詞不定冠詞a的位置也不同。的位置也不同。 感嘆句感嘆句感嘆句往往由感嘆句往往由what和和how引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。 感嘆句用法很簡單感嘆句用法很簡單, How和和What放句前；放

21、句前；How與形、副詞類連與形、副詞類連, What后面名詞添；后面名詞添；主語謂語不用變主語謂語不用變, 省掉它們也常見。省掉它們也常見。單項(xiàng)選擇。單項(xiàng)選擇。 1. _ a nice watch it is！ A. How B. What C. What a D. How a2. _ bright the lights they are! A. What B. What a C. How D. how a BC 3. _ hard work it is!A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 4. _ day it is! Its rainy again. A

22、. How bad B. What a bad C. How fine D. What a fineBB 5、（、（ ） the mooncakes are！ A、How delicious B、How a delicious C、What delicious D、What a delicious 6、（、（ ）-thick ice！Would you like to go skating？ A、What B、How C、What a D、How aAA 7. _ great day it will be! A. How a B. What a C. How D. What 8. _ expe

23、nsive trousers! A. What B. What a C. How D. What an 9. _ useful work they have done! A. What B. How C. What a D. What anBAAl10. _ nice picture you gave me!l A. How B. What l C. What a D. What anl11. _ careless he is! A. What B. How l C. So much D. How muchCB()1.(2011 年年 廣廣 東東 )Alice had nothing for

24、breakfast this morning, _？No.She got up too late.Ahad sheCdid sheBhadnt she Ddidnt she解析：前面陳述句中有表示否定的 nothing，動(dòng)詞 had 是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，故反意疑問句要借助助動(dòng)詞 did，選 C。C()2.(2011 年廣東河源年廣東河源)Lets go to the cinema to see a film,_？BAwill youBshall weCwont youDdont you解析：前面是 Lets 開頭的祈使句，其反意疑問句應(yīng)用 shall we。()3.(2011 年廣東河源年廣東河源)P

25、eter, _ do you visit Your grandparents?D Twice a month.Ahow longChow farDhow often解析：由答語可知是對頻率提問，故用 how often，表示“多久一次”。Bhow soon( )4.(2011 年廣東河源年廣東河源)_ delicious beef! Well.You can eat more if you like it.AWhatBWhat aCHowDHow a解析：what 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句句式為“What (a/an)形容詞名詞(主語謂語)！”，beef 是不可數(shù)名詞，故選 A。A()5.(2011 年廣

26、東廣州年廣東廣州)I hear the tall girl wearing glasses isyour new classmate. Shes from America, _？Ahas sheChasnt sheBisnt sheDdoes she解析：前面陳述句是肯定句，其 be 動(dòng)詞為 is，故反意疑問句中用 isnt。B()6.(2011 年年 廣廣 東東 佛佛 山山 ) _ cute the monkeys arewhen they ask for food!AAHowBWhatCWhat a解析：how 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句句式為“How形容詞主語謂語！”，故選 A。()7.(2011 年

27、年 廣廣 東東 佛佛 山山 )_ is the history ofBTsinghua University?100 years.AHow soonBHow longCHow far解析：由答語可知是提問時(shí)間長短的，故用 how long，意為“多長時(shí)間”。()8.(2011 年年 廣廣 東東 肇肇 慶慶 )The students in Class Two played basketballagainst Class One yesterday, _？BAdid theyBdidnt they解析：陳述句部分是肯定句，且謂語動(dòng)詞為 played，故其反意疑問句要借助助動(dòng)詞 did 且為否定形

28、式。選 B。Cwerent they()9.(2011 年年 深深 圳圳 )There is something wrong withyour bike, _？B解析：there be 句型的反意疑問句主語仍用 there，且陳述句部分是肯定的，故其反意疑問句用否定形式；have sth.done 使某事被做。Yes.Ill have it _ tomorrow.Aisnt it; mendBisnt there; mendedCisnt it; mendedDisnt there; mend10.(2011 年廣東深圳年廣東深圳)_ good time we had atthe party

29、last night!CYes.It was _ exciting party that I would neverforget it.AWhat; soCWhat a; such anBHow; suchDHow a; so an解析：what 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句句式為“What (a/an)形容詞名詞(主語謂語)！”，time 在此為可數(shù)名詞，意為“一段時(shí)光”；such 修飾名詞時(shí)常用于結(jié)構(gòu)“sucha/an形容詞名詞”。故選 C。( )11.(2011 年廣東茂名年廣東茂名)Dont open the door, _？Aarent youBdont you解析：祈使句的反意疑問句用 will/

30、wont you，因陳述句部分是否定的，故用 will you。Adoesnt heCdoes heBisnt heDis he解析：have 表示“擁有”時(shí)，其反意疑問句有兩種形式：“hasnt(復(fù)數(shù) havent，過去時(shí) hadnt)主語”或“doesnt(復(fù)數(shù)dont，過去時(shí) didnt)主語”，故選 A。Cwill you( )12.(2010 年廣東年廣東)The boy has a new MP4, _？ACA( )13.(2010 年廣東)_ will you come back?In an hour.AHow soonCHow farBHow oftenDHow long解析：

31、由答語可知是提問“多久以后”，故用 how soon。()14.(2010 年年 廣廣 東東 茂茂 名名 )Do you know _Mr.Smith comes to the shop?Once a week.Ahow oftenBhow long解析：根據(jù)答語“Once a week.”可知是提問頻率，故選 A。AChow soon()15.(2010 年廣東湛江年廣東湛江)There is some beef in the fridge,_？Yes, there is.Ais thereChas thereBisnt thereDhasnt there解析：陳述句部分為 there is

32、，故反意疑問部分用 isnt there。()16.(2010 年年 廣廣 東東 深深 圳圳 )Lets go to the zoo by taxi,_？DMaybe we can go there _.Its not far.Awont you; on footCshall we; by footBwont you; by footDshall we; on foot解析：Lets 開頭的祈使句，其反意疑問句用 shall we；表示“步行”用 on foot。B()17.(2010 年廣東佛山年廣東佛山)_ sad we felt at the news ofCthe Yushu earthquake!AWhatBWhat a解析：how 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句句式為“How形容詞主語謂語！”，故選 C。CHow1. Im late, _?2. Jim works hard, _?3. Mr. Smith will not go to Beijing, _?4. They havent been to Shanghai, _?5. She had little water, _?6. They had to leave early, _?7. He didnt