英語國際音標(biāo)表與讀音規(guī)則表word版修

1、語音標(biāo)及字母組合對照一、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字母讀 音例 詞編 號a在開音節(jié)中einame plane Jane baby cake1-01在閉音節(jié)中æbag dad hat map black back1-02e在開音節(jié)中i:he these me Chinese1-03在閉音節(jié)中ebed let pen desk yes egg 1-04i在開音節(jié)中aibike fly drive time nice kite1-05在閉音節(jié)中ifish big drink sit milk swim1-06o在開音節(jié)中outhose close go hoe home no1-07在

2、閉音節(jié)中clock not box shop sock1-08u在開音節(jié)中ju:student excuse duty Tuesday1-09在閉音節(jié)中bus cup jump much lunch1-10在開音節(jié)中，元音字母u在輔音字母j l r s后面時讀u:音，例如：June blue ruler super1-11二、元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字母讀 音例 詞編 號aChina another woman breakfast2-01iorange comrade village cabbage2-02ehundred student open weekend2-03ichicke

3、n pocket begin children2-04i/iholiday beautiful family animal2-05aiexercise satellite2-06osecond tonight somebody welcome2-07ualso zero photo2-08uautumn diffcult2-09ju:popular congratulation January2-101 動詞中的a如果處在開音節(jié)位置，a讀ei音，例如：operate 2 u處在開音節(jié)位置，2-11又在輔音字母j l r s后面時，讀u(:)音，例如：July influence Februar

4、y issue2-12在非重讀音節(jié)中，許多單詞中的元音字母a e i 即可以讀作音，也可以讀作i音三、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的特殊讀音元音字母讀 音例 詞編 號a在w音后面want what watch wash quality3-01a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前:after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father3-02i在-nd -ld和gh前aifind child light high3-03o在-st -ld前oumost postcard old cold3-04o在m n v th前come monkey love mot

5、her3-05四、-r音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字組讀 音例 詞編 號arar在w音后面:car farm dark sharpener4-01:warm quarter towards4-02oror在w音后面:forty morning short4-03:word worker worse4-04er ir ur:certainly bird Thursday4-05輔音字母r雙寫時，前面的元音字母不能與r構(gòu)成-r音節(jié),而是按重讀閉音節(jié)的拼讀規(guī)則發(fā)音。例如： carry sorry hurry4-06-r音節(jié)在非重讀音節(jié)中通常讀音，例如：dollar teacher martyr

6、 forget Saturday4-07五、-re音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字組讀 音例 詞編 號arecare dare hare5-01ereihere mere5-02ireaifire hire wire 5-03ore:more score before5-04urejupure cure5-05are ere ire ore很少出現(xiàn)在非重讀音節(jié)中，ure在非重讀音節(jié)中讀音，例如：picture pleasure5-06重讀元音字母加Rr，再加非重讀元字組時，重讀元音字母應(yīng)按-re音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)則拼讀，字母Rr讀r音。例如：parent zero story during ins

7、piring 5-07某些常用詞及多音節(jié)詞經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)長音短化現(xiàn)象。例如：orange very American paragraph 5-08六、元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字組讀 音例 詞編 號ai/ayeiafraid rain wait day play6-01airair hair chair pair repair 6-02alal在f m前small ball talk wall all6-03:l always also salt almost6-04:half calm6-05au/aw:autumn daughter draw6-06eai:teach easy cheap

8、please6-07 eheavy bread sweater weather6-08eibreak great 6-09 earihear dear near clear year6-10bear pear wear swear6-11:earth learn early6-12eei:jeep week green three6-13eeripioneer deer beer6-14ei/eyeieight neighbour they6-15 i:either key6-16eu/ew在j l r s后ju:new few newspaper6-17u:flew brew jewelry

9、 6-18ie/eis音之后i:piece field receive6-19oaoucoat Joan boat goal6-20 oar/oor:roar board door floor6-21oi/oyinoise point boy toilet6-22oou:broom food tooth school6-23ubook look cook foot good6-24ou/owauflower house count down6-25ouknow row throw though6-26young country enough6-27u:group you soup6-28our

10、:course your four6-29auour hour ours6-30:journey6-31ui在j l r s后ju:ifluid suicide tuition6-32u:juice fruit suit6-33七、非重讀音節(jié)中元音字組和字群的讀音元音字組或字群讀 音例 詞編 號ai/ay ei/eyiSunday foreign monkey7-01owouyellow sparrow tomorrow7-02元音字組在非重讀音節(jié)中讀音或i。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee 7-03-sion -tionnimpressio

11、n nation 7-04-sion在元音字母后nvision decision occasion 7-05-tion在s后nquestion suggestion7-06-stensnlisten7-07-stleslwhistle7-08-surepleasure measure7-09-turepicture culture7-10八、元字組在復(fù)合詞非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音復(fù)合詞中的第二部分不標(biāo)注重音符號，但其中的元音字母或元音字組仍按重讀音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)則拼讀。例如：everydayei handbagæblackboard:8-01有些詞隨著語言的發(fā)展，前后兩部分已失去其單獨存在的意義

12、，融合成為一個詞。其中的非重讀部分要按非重讀音節(jié)的讀音規(guī)則發(fā)音。例如：sun太陽 + dayei日子 Sundayi 星期天holy神圣 + dayei日子 holidayi 假日break中斷 + fast:齋戒 breakfast 早餐cup茶杯 + board木板: cupboard 碗柜 8-02九、輔字組的讀音輔字組讀 音例 詞編 號bbbike bus bag9-01 /bomb tomb  9-02cc在e前或在i/y前kcake picture coat music9-03sface decide cinema9-04chmuch chick rich teacher

13、9-05kschool headache chemistry9-06machine Chicago9-07-ckkcock pocket black knock9-08dddoctor bread hand day 9-09-dgebridge fridge9-10dr-drchildren driver drink9-11fffive four breakfast9-12gg在e i/y前 bag gardon go 9-13orange large German 9-14ghfcough enough9-15/light daughter high9-16gu- -guegu在非重讀音節(jié)中

14、guess league dialogue9-17wlanguage anguish 9-18hhhot head house hand9-19/hour honest9-20jjeep jar joke join July9-21kkkind bike skate make week9-22kn-nknife know knock9-23lllife milk school tall9-24mmmonkey come autumn9-25-mnmautumn column solemn9-26nn在k g音前nnot shine ten note 9-27uncle thank hungry

15、9-28-ngmorning young wrong9-29pppaper plane pig ship pen9-30phfelephant photo telephone9-31qkIraq9-32qu-kwquality quite 9-33rrred rubber ruler9-34s在詞首或清輔音前元音字母間或濁輔音前ssit sleep desk9-35zmusic husband9-36sc-skscarlet9-37smuscle science9-38shshe fish shirt wash9-39t在通常情況下在弱讀字母ia ie io前tten letter meet9

16、-40patient nation9-41tchwatch 9-42th在通常情況下在冠詞 代詞 介詞 連詞中在詞尾-the -ther中thin thirty method9-43the these with than9-44clothe father weather9-45tr-trtree train country truck9-46vvvery voice love leave9-47wwweek win wake sweet wait9-48/answer two 9-49wh-wh-在字母o前wwhat when white why9-50hwho whose whole9-51

17、x在重讀元音前 ksbox text exercise9-52gzexamle exist exact9-53wr-rwrite9-54y-jyes yard yellow young9-55zzpuzzle zero zoo9-56十、英語語音名詞解釋1音節(jié) 以元音為主體構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位，一般說來元音發(fā)音響亮，可以構(gòu)成音節(jié)，輔音發(fā)音不響亮，不能單獨構(gòu)成音節(jié)（m n l例外）。從單詞拼寫形式上看，有幾個元字組就有幾個音節(jié)。0-012音節(jié)的劃分 在兩個音節(jié)的相鄰處有兩個輔字組時，一個輔字組屬于前面的音節(jié)，一個屬于后面的音節(jié)。例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-te

18、r在兩個音節(jié)的相鄰處只有一個輔字組時，如果前面音節(jié)里的元音是長音則輔字組屬于后面一個音節(jié)，如果前面一個音節(jié)里的元音是短音，則輔字組屬于前面一個音節(jié)。例如：長音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er0-023重讀音節(jié) 單詞中讀音特別響亮的音節(jié)。用音標(biāo)標(biāo)記雙音節(jié)、多音節(jié)詞的讀音時，應(yīng)使用重讀符號。單音節(jié)詞多數(shù)是重讀音節(jié)，標(biāo)記讀音時不需要使用重讀符號。0-034開音節(jié) 絕對開音節(jié)：單個元音字母后面沒有輔字組的重讀音節(jié)。例如：no blue ba-by st

19、u-dent se-cret.相對開音節(jié)：單個元音字母后面加單個輔音字母，再加一個不發(fā)音字母e構(gòu)成的重讀音節(jié)。例如：name these bike home ex-cuse.0-045閉音節(jié) 單個元音字母后面有輔字組（r w y 除外）且以輔字組結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)。例如：bag egg fish not cup0-056雙音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則 雙音節(jié)詞的第一個音節(jié)通常是重讀音節(jié)。例如：´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn in-´deed 含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前綴的雙音節(jié)詞往往是在第二個音

20、節(jié)上重讀。雙音節(jié)詞的重讀位置不會因增加前綴或后綴而發(fā)生改變。例如：a´bout be´fore ex´cuse re´pair for-´get-ful in-´ven-tor0-067多音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則 多音節(jié)詞通常在倒數(shù)第三個音節(jié)重讀。例如：´el-e-phant con-grat-u-´la-tion詞尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的詞，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一個音節(jié)上重讀。例如：scien´tific im´pression ´nation0-07國際音標(biāo)發(fā)音表

21、 英語國際音標(biāo)共48個，其中20個元音，20個輔音，3個鼻音，2個半元音，3個似拼音 一、 元音 巧記48個國際音標(biāo) 單元音共十二，四二六前中后。 雙元音也好背，合口集中八個整。 輔音共計二十八，八對一清又七濁， 四個連對也包括。有氣無聲清輔音， 有聲無氣濁輔音，發(fā)音特點應(yīng)掌握。 關(guān)于語音的幾個概念: 音素: 音的最小單位,英語中有48個音素. 音節(jié): 由元音和輔音構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位 元音: 發(fā)音響亮,是樂音,口腔中氣流不受阻礙,是音節(jié)的主要組成部分.英語中有20個元音. 輔音: 發(fā)音不響亮,是噪音,口腔中氣流受到阻礙,不是音節(jié)的重要組成部分,英語中有28個輔音. 開音節(jié): 1)輔音+元音+輔音+

22、不發(fā)音e 如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2)輔音+元音 如:he hi go no do be tree three hello 閉音節(jié): 1)輔音+元音+輔音 :sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head 2)元音+輔音 如: it is in on up out ant A chicken is in the kitchen. / A horse is in the house. A mouse is in the cats mouth. A sheep eats some beef

23、and drinks some green tea.1 元音: 1) i: 字母組合: ee ea e ie three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece receive ceiling 2) i發(fā)音字母 i y e sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3

24、) æ 發(fā)音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) e 字母組合 ea、e、a head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) : 字母組合ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle

25、 Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6) 字母組合 er or ou e ar o a u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious familiar collar dollar men listen together tomorrow today lesson Washington control around acc

26、ount ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china 7) a: 字母組合 ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) 發(fā)音字母 u oo o ou up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus blood flood come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish 9) :字母組合 al au or our ar small wall talk tall

27、 hall ball call walk author caught autumn short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 10) 發(fā)音字母 o a hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss not want wash watch 11) u: 字母組合 oo o u food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue

28、full prude 12) u 字母組合 oo ou u o look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf 13) ei 發(fā)音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey 14) ai 發(fā)音字母 i y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye 15) au 字母

29、組合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town 16) u 發(fā)音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal 17) i 字母組合oy oi boy toy joy oil soil voice choice 18) i 字母組合 eer ear beer deer ear near here fierce

30、 idea 19) 字母組合 ear air ere pear bear chair air fair there where care 20) u 字母組合our ower hour tour flower shower 3 輔音1) p pen pear play pig pour pull push 2) b book big boot bike bread break 3) t two ten ton town twenty city 4) d door dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) k king kite key look cook book

31、kitchen sky (發(fā)音字母k) card cat cream correct climb come account accept (發(fā)音字母c) fox box oxygen x-ray (發(fā)音字母x) school schema (字母組合ch) 6) g girl good goal goat grade long language 7) m man make moon morning move come comb 8) n pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean 9) uncle bank English think thank junk

32、sing king morning evening 10) l long land lend lord fly flag black world cold goal soul 11) r read red right run room write 12) f five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough physic photo phone 13) v very evening even every voice vest of 14) s six sit student same seat kiss mis

33、s case scarf (發(fā)音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (發(fā)音字母c) piece juice science lance space ace (字母組合ce) 15) z zoo zebra zi:br zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those whose 16) think thank three thirty tooth mouth 17) ð that this those these though 18) sheep shoulder ship shoe

34、she brush wash nation attention station social special sure 19) pleasure 20) h hot hop home house horse how who 21) w when what where window wind wood 22) j yes year yell you your yolk yellow 23) t child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach 24) d age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy

35、 enjoy join July June junk 25) tr tree country try treat track trunk 26) dr dry dream drop drive drink 27) ts students boots boats goats nuts 28) dz goods woods moods hoods 5字母，組合音節(jié)發(fā)音規(guī)律 1）a ei late private grade bake grape nation station page æ active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accep

36、t about above formative machine cinema a: fast last glass class past father wash what watch want 2）e i: appreciate extremely secret she me he e letter left message generate pebble i decide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confident 不發(fā)音 active table late wife store lecture 3）

37、I ai high price library ice wife size line i fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit 4）o u lode host cold note okay old home u: lose do who whose prove love some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collect lost hot mock office soft honest 5）u ju university refuse unique

38、universe huge u put push pull full bull but brush bucket duck bubble support suggest 6）c k country camp camera courage cable s city ceiling celebrate cell cease 7）g g girl grade glass glade bag flag d village vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening 8) l l 讀音不同 listen learn lang

39、uage collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal 9) n n moon night noodle number uncle hungry angry young 10) r r right read write grade progress r (美語發(fā)音) card board door floor form north 11）y j yellow year yell young yolk i university country pretty happy ai dyke dying fly buy by

40、my 12）ar a: farm card garden mark dollar : warm quarrel quarter 13) ea i: cease season breathe feature meat please e bread breast breath meadow weather eigreat break iidea realize 14) ear : learn earth earn heard i hear near clear ear fear 15) er : deserve serve her person teacher driver anger singe

41、r i serious experience mysterious fierce 16） ere i here mere fere sere there 17) ir : shirt girl skirt ai admire desire 18) oo u: room tool cool moon noon goof food u good foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flood : door floor 19) or : short form corn born for : work world worm word worst trac

42、tor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor : door floor u moor poor boor 21) our au hour tour flour bourn lour : pour court four mourn 22) ou au house mouth mouse sound ound enough trouble touch delicious gracious prosperous 23) ow u window meadow know show low au now town how down cow 24) se z

43、nose suppose gose lose pose rose s mouse house 25) th thank think thought cloth ð clothes that this then than 26) sion n propulsion tension progression passion n protrusion provision conclusion television 27) tion n station nation translation attention tn (不常見) question音節(jié)、音節(jié)的結(jié)構(gòu)和類型、音節(jié)劃分、音節(jié)重音和拼讀：

44、1. 音節(jié)就是英文單詞字母(或發(fā)音)的排列單位，一個單位算一節(jié)。連讀起來輕重緩急，流利有節(jié)奏，便于聽說閱讀。2. 音節(jié)的結(jié)構(gòu)、類型：口訣： 完全結(jié)構(gòu)頭中尾(音頭/音中/音尾)，元音字母占中央(包含組合)，缺頭少尾有開閉(音節(jié))，e 尾/成音/r 音節(jié)。開音節(jié)/閉音節(jié)：以元音或不發(fā)音的 e 結(jié)尾的叫開音節(jié)，以輔音結(jié)尾的是閉音節(jié)。開音節(jié)(詞) ：以開音節(jié)結(jié)尾 a, area, tea, by, day, no, boy, buy, grey, ba*by, ru*ler,rub*ber, fa*ther, the, she, we, he, bee, ta*ble, ap*ple, name, b

45、i*cy*cle, banana,orange, some,閉音節(jié)(詞)：bas*ket, bag, cap, class, miss, cross, rain, ti*red, bed, red, yes, egg,sit, it, begin(開始), hot, not, boat, boil(沸騰，煮沸，激動), cup, sun, cut, put,but, mutton(羊肉), meet, woman,r 音節(jié)：元音字母(a e i o u) + r 構(gòu)成的獨立的音節(jié)，也可以前后加輔音字母共同構(gòu)成音節(jié)。例如：far(遠的), arm, er (嗯), her, tea*cher,

46、ru*ler, sir, girl, stir(轟動, 激起), or, for(為了，對于，因為，適合), short, fur(毛皮), turn, / article(文章), order (命令, 定購, 定制；次序, 順序,秩序), urgent (急迫的, 緊急的), urban(城市的, 市內(nèi)的),成音節(jié)： 輔音字母(有時跟不發(fā)音/弱化音的元音字母) + l, m, n, (常常帶有不發(fā)音的 e)可算作一個音節(jié)。例如：label (貼)標(biāo)簽), pupil, pencil sl, table, bicycle, littletl, apple pl,people,3. 劃分音節(jié)口訣： 音節(jié)中心看母音，輔音要向兩邊站。中心之間輔音連，一靠后,二分手；多個中間偏左右，字母組合算一個(音