語法_過去分詞作狀語

1、Grammar過去分詞作定語和狀語過去分詞作定語和狀語1.The stolen bike belongs to Jack.2.The glass is broken.3.Mary heard her name called by a stranger.4.Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days._1.作作定語定語2.作表語作表語3.作賓補(bǔ)作賓補(bǔ)4.作狀語作狀語過去分詞過去分詞1. 過去分詞作定語時(shí)，單個(gè)分詞一般放在名詞之前，分詞短語放在名詞之后。 1. We are doing our written

2、exercises .2. The machine run by the old worker is made in Shanghai.過去分詞作定語 過去分詞作定語時(shí), 它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.=that has ever been written 如果由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one等不定代詞或指示代詞those等修飾時(shí)，即使一個(gè)單一的分詞作形容詞用，也要放在被修飾詞的后面。 例如： Is there anyone invited? There

3、 is nothing changed here since I left this town. 注意: 2. 表示情感的動(dòng)詞的過去分詞 形容詞化表,示情感的動(dòng)詞，常見的有：disappointed, moved, interested, touched. surprised, shocked, puzzled, frightened等。 a frightened driver 嚇壞了的司機(jī) a disappointed girl 感到失望的女孩 3. 不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作的完成，而沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)的意義。 如： newly-arrived goods 新到的 fallen le

4、aves 落葉 1. Whats the language _ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 簡析簡析: : 該題應(yīng)選該題應(yīng)選B。測試過去分詞作后置。測試過去分詞作后置定語表達(dá)被動(dòng)定語表達(dá)被動(dòng), ,等于定語從句等于定語從句 which is spoken。B2. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 簡析:

5、該題應(yīng)選A。測試過去分詞作后置定語表達(dá)被動(dòng), 等于定語從句who were invited。ADD Grammar 過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語The Past Participle as the AdverbialThe Past Participle as the Adverbial1.過去分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語應(yīng)該和句子的主語保持一致。通常過去分詞在句中可以作時(shí)間狀語、原因狀語、方式狀語、伴隨狀語和讓步狀語等，而且可以與對(duì)應(yīng)的狀語從句進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 過去分詞作狀語 1.When our future school is seen from the space, our future sc

6、hool looks like a plate. Seen from the space, our future school looks like a plate.our future schoolCombine the two sentencesWhen it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.Seen from the hill，the park可在過去分詞前加上連詞可在過去分詞前加上連詞when, while, until等來強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念等來強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念。Dont speak until you are spoke

7、n to.Dont speak until spoken to.1. 時(shí)間狀語（時(shí)間狀語（time）2. Because She is surprised at the schoolbag, she turns her head back to find out what happens.Surprised at the schoolbag ,she turns her head back to find out what happens. Our future schoolbag2. 原因狀語（原因狀語（cause）Because the boy was greatly touched by

8、 his teachers words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates.Greatly touched by the teachers wordsBecause he was surprised at what happened, Tom didnt know what to do.Surprised at what happened3.If I am given a time machine , I will pay a visit to the future.Given a time machine, I will pay a

9、visit to the future. a time machine3. 條件狀語（條件狀語（condition）If we were given more time, we could do it much better.Given more timeIf it is heated to a high temperature, water will change into vapor.Heated to a high temperature4. 讓步狀語（讓步狀語（concession）Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmer

10、s were still working in the fields.Though warned of the stormEven if Im invited, I wont take part in the party.Even if invited 5. 方式、伴隨狀語方式、伴隨狀語 Accompanying action/mannerThe teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students.The teacher entered the classroom ,followed by a gr

11、oup of students.The teacher stood there and was surrounded by the students.The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students.2.過去分詞作狀語表示過去分詞作狀語表示_/或或_的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作,相當(dāng)相當(dāng)一個(gè)狀語從句。一個(gè)狀語從句。3.過去分詞作狀語時(shí)其過去分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語邏輯主語與與主句的主語主句的主語要保要保持持一致一致。過去分詞作狀語過去分詞作狀語 被動(dòng)被動(dòng)完成完成summary1.過去分詞在句子中可以作時(shí)間狀語、原因狀過去分詞在句子中可以作時(shí)間狀語、原因狀語、

12、伴隨狀語、條件狀語和讓步狀語等。語、伴隨狀語、條件狀語和讓步狀語等。_from the hill, thecitylookslikeabiggarden. 如果句子的主語和分詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系如果句子的主語和分詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系, , 用用_，句子的主語和分詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，句子的主語和分詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用用_?，F(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞過去分詞重難點(diǎn)辨析（一）：主語一致重難點(diǎn)辨析（一）：主語一致_ from the hill, you will find thecitylookslikeabiggarden. SeenSeeing1. 從上面看從上面看,體育場好像一個(gè)鳥巢。體育場好像一個(gè)鳥巢。 _ from t

13、he top, the stadium looks like a bird nest. A. Seeing B. Seen2. 從太空看從太空看, 宇航員看不到長城。宇航員看不到長城。 _ from the space, the astronaut can not discover the Great Wall. A. Seeing B. Seen Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound. Surprised at what had happened, Tom didnt know what to do. 1，有些過去分

14、詞因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語，有些過去分詞因來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時(shí)不表被動(dòng)而表主語的狀態(tài)。時(shí)不表被動(dòng)而表主語的狀態(tài)。lost (迷路迷路); seated (坐坐); hidden (躲躲); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于沉溺于); born (出身于出身于); dressed in (穿著穿著); 2，由某些動(dòng)詞后面加，由某些動(dòng)詞后面加-ed轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞也具轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞也具有此用法。有此用法。如：如：frightened, satisfied, tired, disappointed等。等。重難點(diǎn)辨析（二）：不表被動(dòng)的特殊情況重難點(diǎn)辨析（二）：不表被動(dòng)的特殊情況 分分詞

15、詞作作狀語狀語答答題記憶題記憶口口訣訣分詞作狀語，主語是問題。分詞作狀語，主語是問題。逗號(hào)前后兩動(dòng)作，共用一主語。逗號(hào)前后兩動(dòng)作，共用一主語。主語找出后，再來判關(guān)系。主語找出后，再來判關(guān)系。主動(dòng)主動(dòng)-ing,-ing,被動(dòng)用被動(dòng)用-ed-ed。Having been done Having been done 表先后，表先后，千萬要牢記。千萬要牢記。使用過去分詞作狀語時(shí)容易錯(cuò)的兩種情況使用過去分詞作狀語時(shí)容易錯(cuò)的兩種情況1. 忽視了分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語必須是句中主語忽視了分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語必須是句中主語(或主動(dòng)或或主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)被動(dòng))。如: If heated, _. people can

16、turn water into gas B. one can change ice into waterC. ice turns into water D. people get water from ice 有些含有分詞的固定插入語有些含有分詞的固定插入語, 其邏輯主語其邏輯主語不要求與主語一致。如不要求與主語一致。如: judging from(從.來判斷); generally(frankly/exactly/./ )speaking 一般地(坦率地/確切地)說; considering(考慮到); talking of(說到).; supposing that(假使).; seeing

17、 that(鑒于).等。 如: Considering his health, he was made to stay at home。2. 不能正確區(qū)分不能正確區(qū)分doing(現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)和和 done(過去分詞過去分詞)的用法的用法 (1)_ the progamme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed (2)_ many times, he still cam

18、e to school late. A. Having told B. Having been told C. Told D. Being told (3) _ in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. Being lostConsolidate: _ (如此高興如此高興), we decided to stay two more days. Function: _2) _ (十六世紀(jì)十六世紀(jì)燒毀后燒毀后), the castle was never

19、rebuilt.Function: _Much delightedBurnt in the 16th centuryCauseTime3) _ (被他的話所感動(dòng)被他的話所感動(dòng)), I accepted his present.Function: _4) _ (從山上看從山上看), the lake looks beautiful.Function: _5) _ (如果吃地及時(shí)如果吃地及時(shí)) the medicine will be quite effective.Function: _Moved by his wordsSeen from the hillTaken in timecauseC

20、ondition/timeCondition _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose2. If _ the same treatment again, hes sure to get well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given3. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Founded B. It was founded C. Being founded D. FoundingPractice makes perfect4. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared5. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B.