電機(jī)員面試機(jī)艙電器基本知識(shí)匯總

1、BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF ENGINE ROOM ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTSAFETY PRECAUTIONS DURING ELECTRICAL MAINTENACE:Give as many precautions as you can indentify:1. Make sure the power is off, if have control fuse remove it;2. Work areas should be well lighted, and keep working area clear;3. Ware safety PPE, and pay

2、 attention at this work at any time;4. Make sure to make noticel ike M“AN AT WORK, DO NOT OPERATE. ” To show other People that sb. Is working.5. Tools should be will insulation & good condition6. To check electrical isolation check list.MAIN SWITCH BOARDExplain briefly safety incorporated in Mai

3、n Switchboard:-Handles for opening the doors on switchboard cubicles are usually linked to an isolating switch. This ensures that supplies to components in the cubicle are switched off before the door opened.Fused isolators are isolating switches that incorporate fuses. The action of opening the swi

4、tch isolates the fuses so that they can be replaced safetyEMERGENCY SWITCH BOARDIndentify all machineries fed from Emergency power supply in MSB:-No.2 steering gear-No.3 E/R fan-No.1 radar-Bo sun store lighting transformer-Emergency A/C110transformerSINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDSafety interlock

5、s to run Emergency generator while MSB is alive:-When the MSB is alive, to run the emergency generator the bus tie switch will give a signal that the E/G could not put on load.-NVRPowerAIR CIRCUIT BREAKERRoutine Check, Maintenance& Interval:-A visual examination of circuit breakers in main, emer

6、gency and section boards will usually precede operational tests. The surveyor will particularly check the condition of main arcing and auxiliary contacts for signs the wear, misalignment and overheating. similar inspection of fixed and moving isolator contacts at the rear of a circuit breaker will b

7、e made.Arc chutes must be clean, free of arc debris and correctly aligned. All internal wiring should be iALTERNATORSExplain briefly the type and working principle of the Diesel Generators on board-The diesel generators' speed is accurately managed by an electronic fuel governor which maintains

8、an almost constant output frequency over its load rangeSINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDExplain briefly the type and working principle of the shaft generator on board -A propulsion-shaft driven generator can be an efficient method for extracting electric power from the ship's main engine as the

9、 power is derived from lower cost fuel than that used for an auxiliary driven generator unit. The shaft generator may be fitted directly in-line with the slow speed propulsion shaft or, more commonly, is gear-driven up to a higher speed.Also, by using a shaft generator as the main source of electric

10、 power during long sea passages, the driven generator units operate for short periods only with a reduced maintenance requirement.An apparent disadvantage of a shaft generator is that it has no direct frequency control as this is determined by the main engine which is set for the ships full-way spee

11、d range. The means that the frequency must be separately regulated at the output of the shaft generator to maintain a constant 60HZ to the ship's electric power consumers.MOTORSDetailed procedures on complete overhaul, with precautions:- Feed up the electrical isolation certificateSwitch off the

12、 power and remove the control fuse, to make sure the overhaul motor power is cut off. And make a notice to make sure that overhaul time no body operator it.Disconnect the connection and check the insulation, after that remove rotor and check the bearing if the bearing no good take out. Clean all the

13、 equipments and check the insulation of coil side, and spring the varnish, and put the heat lamp to drSINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDit and check the insulation. After dry up put back the rotor and tow side cover, check the motor to make the motor is in good condition. Then put back the motor int

14、o original place and put back the control fuse and switch on the power and test run.INSULATION MEASUREMENTNecessity of Insulation check on equipments-On board the ship a measurement of the insulation resistance gives one of the best guides to the state of health of electrical equipment. The resistan

15、ce should be measured between insulated conductors and earth, and between conductors. Values & Evaluation of Readings:Best when New-100M500MAcceptable in service-1MNot acceptable to put in service-Less than 1MWhat happen if operated with unaccepted level of Insulation?-It can be damage the instr

16、ument or electrical control.Necessity of Insulation check on Cables and light fittings:-To make sure any cables short circuit or shorted to earth.SINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDWINDLESS AND WINCHSafety interlocks incorporated in starter panel, Provide logic diagram -Over load interlock-Oil pressu

17、re high-Oil temperature highSTEERING GEAR SYSTEMList out various safety interlocks incorporated in system -Over load interlock-Phase fail interlock-Over current relay -Rudder MAX. angle limit switch -HYD. Oil level switch.SINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDPROVISION CRANECheck before arrival port, to

18、 ensure correct operation:-Check all the limit switch hander free or not, check all the limit switch is good working or not.-Check the remote controller-Check the control panel-Check the motors insulationGANGWAY & MOTORCheck before arrival port , to ensure correct operation:-Check all the limit

19、switch hander free or not, check all the limit switch is good working or not.-Check the remote controller-Check the control panel-Check the motors insulationName all safety interlocks and trips:-Up limit interlock - In limit interlock emergency stop Two sides change over interlock-Overload tripSINOC

20、REW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDHEELING AND BALLAST CONTROL PANELinUnderstand Heeling and Ballast Control system and associated circuits- The heeling and ballast control panel is in the ship office. On this control panel we can operate the heeling and ballast pump motor to increase or decrease the wate

21、 the ballast water tank to keep the ship staying in balance during charging or discharging cargos in port or sailing at sea, and pump out the bilge of the cargo holds onboard if the bilge level was high, or the alarms activated.Circuit:UPS AND STORAGE BATTERYUPS operation and charging arrangement-UP

22、S is use for some important system. When power bleak out the UPS will automatically give supply to these system-There are three type of charge1. normal charge (normally charge above 6 hours)2. Float charge (can continuously charge)3. Trickle charge(23 hours)Care and maintenance of storage battery- C

23、heck the liquid level if low top up with distilled water- Test the electrolyte by the hydrometer showing green then ok if showing white need to recharge if red then need check the battery statusName the equipments where storage battery is used-Some alarm systemSINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTD-GMDS

24、S & Other navigation equipmentSafety precaution requirement in battery storage space -Well vent.-Prevent explode light -Preserve PPE -Emergency eye wash -No naked lightGALLEY EQUIPMENTS List all electrical equipments installed in Galley -Galley EXH. Fan-Disposer -Deep fat fryer -Elec. Cook range

25、 -Electric griddle -Electric oven -Rice cooker -Dish washer Routine maintenance and interval -Galley fan overhaul -Cook and clean system insulation check -Control switch check -Main power box circuit checkSINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTD WASHING MACHINE AND DRYER ROOMRoutine maintenance and interv

26、al-Every day check the dry machine fitter, and clean it.-Monthly check the washing machine and dry machine insulation. Check the machines vibration and take care of any abnormal noise from the machine.ENGINE ROOM EQUIPMENTSMGPSExplain function and operation of MGPS-MGPS is designed to prevent the ma

27、rine growths from settling in the vital components of vessel such as condenser, piping or pump by chlorine compound which is produced when the seawater is electrolyzed.ELEV ATORUnderstand various interlocks on elevator-Escape door open: when the door is open the elevator will automatic trip.-Door op

28、en: every deck elevator door keep open, the elevator will stop. Like we use special key to open any deck door the elevator will stop at that time.-Over load: if the motor over load the break will trip.-Weight over limit: if too many people inside the elevator or carry too much things the elevator wi

29、ll not work, keep stop.-Up limit: if the elevator going up and can not stop on top of the well there is a limit switch to stop it.SINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTD-Down limit: like up limit.-Over speed: if the elevator working and the speed is over limit then the elevator will stop automatic.STEERI

30、NG GARE SYSTEMList out various safety interlocks incorporated in system -Over load interlock-Phase fail interlock-Over current relay -Rudder MAX. angle limit switch -HYD. Oil level switch.PURIFIERSWorking principle and associated circuits-The purifiers is the system for purify the fuel oil or the LU

31、B. Oil. Before use. It separate the sludge and water from the oil by the specific gravity from the bowl. Then discharge the sludge and water by the operator water with a setting time.10SINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDENGINE ROOM CRANESList out all interlocks provided on E/R Cranes -Up limitDown li

32、mitForward limit-Aft. Limit-Right left limitOver load trip-Emergency stopAIR CONDITIONING AND REFRIGERATION MACHINYWorking principle of air conditioning system-The air conditioning system working principle we can see from the following diagram(all the important equipments already named)nd11-With the

33、 compressor start the suction gas is compressed to a high temperature a pressure. Then the gas moves into the water-cooled condenser to let the gas to saturation temperature. And then go through the receiver and the filter-drier(which keep the refrigerant clean and dry) after that go through the eva

34、porator, before go in with the expansion valve bulb and heat exchanger some of the gas become the flash gas, with the evaporator fan to cooling the goods then through the expansion valve go to suction side.SINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDOIL FIRED BOILERAutomatic combustion control circuit-With th

35、e steam pressure switch, when the steam pressure come down, and the pressure lower the setting lower pressure, the blower and the F.O pump will start automatically and start the combustion. When the pressure come up to the settin high pressure, the pressure will off and at that time the blower and t

36、he F.O pump will stop and the boiler stop fire.Name all electrical safety interlocks-Flame failure-F.D fan trip-Low ATM. STM. Press-Lowest water level-High water level-Low oil press-Low oil temp.-Low steam pressure-Air casing fire12SINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDOILY WATER SEPARATORWorking princi

37、ple of Oil Content Monitor-In this system a gravity separation method has been adopted, by which oil is separated from water by the difference of the specific gravity between the two. Safety interlocks incorporated-15PPM alarmOIL MIST DETECTORWorking principle of Oil Mist detector-The oil mist detec

38、tor sequentially sucks oil mist from each crankcase of diesel engine into a phototube to output an alarm when the oil mist density has exceeded the level due to bearing overheat or some other trouble, allowing detection and prevention of grave accidents at an early stage.CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTAIONCE

39、NTRALISED CONTROL SYSTEM13SINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDUnderstand basic concept of the system.-Centralized control system is one of the most important systems of engine automatic control system; we can measure all the engine room system working situations, failure alarm and parameter from this

40、system. We can control the engines better.List out various components and give brief descriptions -Alarm system _to make us know that some system is abnormal -Alarm record system- to record all the abnormal at the time let us know -The display screen to show us all the systems working situations fai

41、lure and parameterM/E REMOTE CONTROL AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENTS (ELECTRONIC) Understand basic concept of the system.-In case of remote control from hr BCC or CCS, starting, stopping, reversing and speed settingOf M/E can be made automatically with the maneuvering lever installed at each control stati

42、on in accordance with a predetermined program.List out various components and give brief descriptions -BCC and CCS system to give the control signal to M/E -Start air pressure sensor to check the start air pressure -Alarm system to monitor the abnormal of the M/E -F.O inject system to supply the F.O

43、 for M/E RUNNING14SINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDIdentify all sensors connected to ME safety system-M/E speed sensor -M/E L.O pressure sensor -Exhaust valve air spring low pressure sensor- -EX. GAS cylinder outlet temperature sensors -Piston cooling oil cylinder outlet temperature sensors -thrust

44、 bearing L.O outlet temperature sensorREMOTE TEMPERATURE INDICATOR AND CONTROL Understand basic concept of the system.-To monitor the working condition of the m/e system,The temperature signals, which come from the local temperature sensors of the machineries, go through transmitter box. We can cont

45、rol and monitor the temperature by the computers and monitor them on the indicators.List out various components and give brief descriptions-sensors: all the temperature sensors which connect to the machineries -transmitter box-temperature indicators15SINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDREMOTE PRESSURE

46、 INDICATOR AND CONTROLUnderstand basic concept of the system.-The pressure signals, which come from the local pressure sensors of the machineries, go through transmitter box. We can control and monitor the pressure by the computers and monitor them on the indicators.List out various components and g

47、ive brief descriptions-sensors: all the pressure sensors which connect to the machineries -transmitter box-pressure indicator monitoring panelREMOTE LEVEAL INDICATORUnderstand basic concept of the system.-The level signals, which come from the local level sensors of the tank, go through the transmit

48、ter box. We can control and monitor it by the computers and monitor it by the indicators.List out various components and give brief descriptions-Transmitter box-E/R control console-Ballast control console-Level indicator monitoring panel16SINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDLEVEL ALARMUnderstand basic

49、 concept of the system.-The level alarm sensors are activated when the water or oil level is high or low, then the signals go through the transmitter box. After that the alarm signal horns i E/R will be activated and the alarm will be showing on the monitors.List out various components and give brie

50、f descriptions -level alarm sensors -transmitter box -alarm signal hornsALARM AND MONITORING SYSTEMWith help of a block diagram, give brief explanation of how sensors are connected, monitored and alarm activated in case of abnormality.-When the abnormal comes the sensor give the date signal to the t

51、ransmitter and give then give To the CPU the system will give the alarm to the monitor systems, give a abnormal buzzer and alarm light.Identify all components-Sensor- measure the signal-Transmitter transfer the signal from local to the CPU-CPUcompare the signal with the setting and given the alarm s

52、ignal- Monitor system- to show the abnormal17SINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDSTORES AND SPARESStore procurement procedure:-When the spares coming check the quantities number size of the items with the received item list to make sure all the items are right ,and check any items already damage or no

53、t. Put the new receive items inside the store.Store Inventory management-Three month: check all the stores quantities to make sure what need to order or not, how much need to order. How many spare left. And which one order use or missing.18SINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDDuty of Elect. Engineer on

54、 ships.Reports to: Chief EngineerResponsibility: Operation and maintenance of all electrical/electronic equipment,Duties： (1) keep all electrical equipment in a working condition in accordance with statutory rules and regulations and company requirements and as directed by C/E and Master(2) Maintain

55、 all electrical equipment and associated equipment to a standard required by law and by the company, to be recorded(3) Inspect daily and maintain the emergency equipment(4) Carry out instructional duties as required(5) Assist C/E and Master to safeguard seaworthiness of the vesselThe electrical/elec

56、tronic equipments in engine room and on deck are:o Generatoro main switchboardo emergency switch boardo control panels19SINOCREW MARITIME SERVICES PTE LTDo various electrical equipments (220V/110V, 24V).Maintenance procedures, routine inspections and records.Maintenance procedures and routine inspec

57、tions should be carried out in accordance to Manual or Instruction Book onboard vessel. Some companies establish own PMS base on Company ' s policy with procedure of and maintenance in accordance with makers ' Instruction Book.The maintenance plan of PMS should be prepared on quarterly, mont

58、hly and yearly basis taking consideration of maintenance requirement of machineries, Check list, record of inspection and maintenance works should be recorded for future reference and as evidence of compliance.Hazard of electrical operation.Extreme precaution must be observed every time when carry our inspection; maintenance and repairs on deck and in engine room,Precaution Guidance:20SINOCREW M