外研社高中英語必修五module5_知識點

1、1.advantage1.advantagehave an advantage overhave an advantage over充分利用充分利用have the advantage ofhave the advantage ofeg.In the first half, we had the eg.In the first half, we had the advantage over the opposing team. advantage over the opposing team. have an advantage in sth.have an advantage in sth.

2、take (full) advantage oftake (full) advantage of前半場，我們比對方占優(yōu)勢。前半場，我們比對方占優(yōu)勢。比比占優(yōu)勢占優(yōu)勢有有優(yōu)點優(yōu)點在某方面具有優(yōu)勢在某方面具有優(yōu)勢n.n.優(yōu)勢；優(yōu)點；有利條件優(yōu)勢；優(yōu)點；有利條件2.guarantee vt. to do sth. that-clauseguarantee保證保證guarantee sb. sth.保證某人得到某物保證某人得到某物be guaranteed to do sth. 保證做某事保證做某事guarantee sb./sth. against/from 保證保證不受不受/ /免遭免遭I gua

3、rantee to study hard.=I guarantee that Ill study hard. 我保證努力學習我保證努力學習保證；擔保；保證；擔保；n.保證（書）；保證（書）；give sb. a guarantee 給某人承諾給某人承諾/ /保證保證under guarantee 在保修期內(nèi)在保修期內(nèi)3.score/dozen區(qū)別區(qū)別二者都可以表示數(shù)量。二者都可以表示數(shù)量。scorescore二十，二十，dozendozen十二。十二。(1)(1)兩詞與兩詞與a,many,severala,many,several或具體數(shù)字連用修飾名詞或具體數(shù)字連用修飾名詞復數(shù)時，二者本身不用

4、復數(shù)形式，其后的介詞有復數(shù)時，二者本身不用復數(shù)形式，其后的介詞有無均可。但習慣上無均可。但習慣上scorescore多與多與ofof連用，而連用，而dozendozen很很少與少與ofof連用。如：連用。如：two score (of) eggs, two score (of) eggs, three dozen eggsthree dozen eggs。(2)scores of=dozens of, “(2)scores of=dozens of, “許多，大量許多，大量”(3)three score of +(3)three score of +可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復數(shù), ,表示表示“60

5、60個個”，而，而three score of the + three score of the + 可數(shù)名可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)詞復數(shù), ,表示表示“中的中的6060個個”?；顚W活用活學活用She went to the bookstore and bought She went to the bookstore and bought . .A.dozenA.dozen books B.two dozens books B.two dozens books booksC.dozen of books D.dozensC.dozen of books D.dozens of books of books

6、解析解析 dozens ofdozens of表示表示“很多，大量很多，大量”D4.declaredeclare peacedeclare war on/againstdeclare for/againstdeclare oneself宣布和平宣布和平對對宣戰(zhàn)宣戰(zhàn)公開表示支持公開表示支持/ /反對反對發(fā)表意見；表明態(tài)度發(fā)表意見；表明態(tài)度v.v.宣告，宣布；宣稱；聲明宣告，宣布；宣稱；聲明Germany declared war on France on August 1,1914.德國在德國在19141914年年8 8月月1 1日向法國宣戰(zhàn)。日向法國宣戰(zhàn)。All the people decl

7、ared against the war.所有的人都聲明反對戰(zhàn)爭。所有的人都聲明反對戰(zhàn)爭。5.on the increase 正在增長正在增長The economy in China has been on the increase in the past 10 months.在過去的十個月里，中國的經(jīng)濟一直在增長。在過去的十個月里，中國的經(jīng)濟一直在增長。in decline在下降，在減少在下降，在減少6.rise to ones feetWe all rose to our feet when we heard the news.站起身站起身當我們聽到這則消息時，我們都站了起來。當我們聽到這

8、則消息時，我們都站了起來。leap/jump to ones feet stand on ones feetstruggle to ones feethave/keep ones feet on the groundset foot onon ones feet跳起來跳起來自立；經(jīng)濟上獨立自立；經(jīng)濟上獨立( (掙扎著掙扎著) )站起來站起來腳踏實地，腳踏實地，注重實際注重實際進入；踏上進入；踏上站著站著7.be up to sb. Its up to you to decide to eat out or at home.由你來決定我們是到外面吃飯還是在家里吃。由你來決定我們是到外面吃飯還是在

9、家里吃。是是的職責的職責/ /責任；由責任；由決定決定 達到達到( (某數(shù)量，程度等某數(shù)量，程度等) )；至多有；至多有 直到直到 能勝任；適合能勝任；適合 做做/ /干干( (不好的事不好的事) )up to sthup to sth. .Its up to me to help him with his English. 幫助他學英語是我的責任。幫助他學英語是我的責任。8.If you go into a school or university 8.If you go into a school or university anywhere,theanywhere,the chances

10、 are you will see chances are you will see students in Li Ningstudents in Li Ning tracksuits with the tracksuits with the familiar logo. familiar logo. (The) Chances are (that).(The) Chances are (that).意為意為“很可很可能能”，句型中的，句型中的thethe和和thatthat都可省略。表達此都可省略。表達此意時還可用意時還可用There is a chance that.There is a

11、chance that.。(The) Chances are (that) we will win easily.(The) Chances are (that) we will win easily.我們很可能會輕易取勝。我們很可能會輕易取勝。There is a chance that I will see him these daysThere is a chance that I will see him these days. .這幾天我有可能見到他。這幾天我有可能見到他。The chances are (that).The chances are (that).很可能很可能Ther

12、es no/a chance that.Theres no/a chance that.不不/ /有可能有可能by chanceby chance碰巧碰巧No chance.No chance.不可能。不可能。chance to do sthchance to do sth. .It chanced that.It chanced that.注意：注意： 在句型在句型The chances are that.The chances are that.中，中，chanceschances不可改用單數(shù)。不可改用單數(shù)?！纠? 1】It was in New Zealand It was in Ne

13、w Zealand Elizabeth Elizabeth first met Mr.Smithfirst met Mr.Smith. (. (全國全國高考高考) ) A.that B.how C.which D.when A.that B.how C.which D.when解析解析 句意為：正是在新西蘭伊麗莎白第一次見到史句意為：正是在新西蘭伊麗莎白第一次見到史密斯先生。密斯先生。It+beIt+be+ +被強調(diào)成分被強調(diào)成分+that+that句型為強調(diào)句。句型為強調(diào)句。 課文原文課文原文But But this sense of failure this sense of failur

14、e made him made him determined to succeed in his new life.determined to succeed in his new life.考題回扣考題回扣Ait wasit wasthatthat【例例2 2】News came from the school office News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. (University. (

15、四川高考四川高考) )A.which B.whatA.which B.whatC.that D.whereC.that D.where解析解析 newsnews后面跟同位語從句，從句中不缺少任何后面跟同位語從句，從句中不缺少任何成分，故用成分，故用thatthat引導。句意為引導。句意為: :從學校辦公室傳來從學校辦公室傳來消息說王林被北京大學錄取了。消息說王林被北京大學錄取了。課文原文課文原文.,Li Ning.,Li Ning retired with the feeling retired with the feelinghe had failed.he had failed.Cthat

16、that【例例3 3】Who should be responsible for the Who should be responsible for the accident? accident?The boss,not the workers.TheyThe boss,not the workers.They just just carried out the order carried out the order .(.(福建高考福建高考) )A.as told B.asA.as told B.as are told are toldC.as telling D.asC.as tellin

17、g D.as they told they told解析解析 as told=as they were told,as told=as they were told,此處是此處是asas引引導的方式狀語從句的省略。當從句主語與主句主語導的方式狀語從句的省略。當從句主語與主句主語一致，且謂語動詞含有一致，且謂語動詞含有bebe時，將從句的主語和時，將從句的主語和bebe省省略。又因為略。又因為workersworkers與與telltell之間是被動關(guān)系，排除之間是被動關(guān)系，排除C C、D D。A【例例4 4】By the time he realizes he By the time he r

18、ealizes he into into a trap,itlla trap,itll be too late for him to do be too late for him to do anything about it. (anything about it. (山東高考山東高考) )A.walks A.walks B.walkedB.walkedC.has walkedC.has walkedD.hadD.had walked walked解析解析 由句中由句中realizesrealizes及及itll beitll be可知應用現(xiàn)在可知應用現(xiàn)在的時態(tài)，故排除的時態(tài)，故排除B B、

19、D D兩項，由句意可知空白處強調(diào)兩項，由句意可知空白處強調(diào)已經(jīng)完成的動作，故用現(xiàn)在完成時。已經(jīng)完成的動作，故用現(xiàn)在完成時。 課文原文課文原文The marathon The marathon an Olympic event an Olympic event since the modern games started in 1896.since the modern games started in 1896.Chas beenhas been【例例5 5】Did you go to the show last night?Did you go to the show last night?

20、Yeah.EveryYeah.Every boy and girl in the area boy and girl in the area invited. ( invited. (陜西高考陜西高考) )A.were B.haveA.were B.have been beenC.has been D.wasC.has been D.was解析解析 主語是主語是every boy and girl,every boy and girl,表示單數(shù)概念表示單數(shù)概念, ,故謂語動詞用單數(shù)故謂語動詞用單數(shù), ,且詢問昨晚的情況且詢問昨晚的情況, ,有明確的過有明確的過去時間去時間, ,所以應選擇所以應

21、選擇waswas。 課文原文課文原文 young people with money to young people with money to spend spend waswas on the increaseand sport had on the increaseand sport had never been so popular.never been so popular.DThe number ofThe number of1.Their football team 1.Their football team ( (表現(xiàn)表現(xiàn)) very ) very well in the ma

22、tch yesterday.well in the match yesterday.2.Many shopkeepers 2.Many shopkeepers ( (保證保證) ) satisfaction to customers.satisfaction to customers.3.She made several 3.She made several ( (購買購買) in the ) in the dress shop.dress shop.4.People in the city held a great party to 4.People in the city held a g

23、reat party to celebrate their celebrate their ( (勝利勝利).).自主檢測自主檢測.品句填詞品句填詞performedperformedguaranteeguaranteepurchasespurchasesvictoryvictory5.Her rich experience gave her an 5.Her rich experience gave her an ( (優(yōu)勢優(yōu)勢) over other applicants for ) over other applicants for the job.the job.6.We should

24、 keep the fine 6.We should keep the fine ( (品質(zhì)品質(zhì)) of ) of the working people.the working people.7.She 7.She ( (聲明聲明) that she didnt want to ) that she didnt want to see him.see him.8.He has been living here since he 8.He has been living here since he ( (退退休休) at the age.) at the age.9.Although the b

25、oxers were 9.Although the boxers were ( (競爭對手競爭對手) ) in the ring,theyin the ring,they were really good friends. were really good friends.10.You said you lived in a West country,could10.You said you lived in a West country,could you tell me a bit more you tell me a bit more ( (具體的具體的)?)?advantageadva

26、ntagequalitiesqualitiesdeclareddeclaredretiredretiredrivalsrivalsspecificspecificrise to ones feet,make a choice,voterise to ones feet,make a choice,vote for, for,reply to,on the increase,inreply to,on the increase,in contact with, contact with,under guarantee,make both ends meet,stayunder guarantee

27、,make both ends meet,stay awake,haveawake,have an advantage an advantage1.The worn-out farmer gathered all his 1.The worn-out farmer gathered all his strength and strength and . .2.Since Tom lost his job,we2.Since Tom lost his job,we can hardly can hardly . .3.Have you 3.Have you him recently? him r

28、ecently?4.Obama won the election because most of the 4.Obama won the election because most of the people people him. him.rose to his feetrose to his feetmakemakeboth ends meetboth ends meetbeen in contact withbeen in contact withvoted forvoted for.短語短語運用運用5.I was finding it hard to 5.I was finding i

29、t hard to . .6.The terrorists 6.The terrorists the governments the governments statement with more violence.statement with more violence.7.Traffic accidents in China are7.Traffic accidents in China are in three years. in three years.8.At last,his8.At last,his uncle uncle to settle to settle in the c

30、ountryside.in the countryside.9.Your computer is still 9.Your computer is still .You .You can get it repaired free.can get it repaired free.10.Mary speaks good English,because10.Mary speaks good English,because she she that her mother is an English that her mother is an English teacher.teacher.repli

31、ed toreplied toon theon theincreaseincreasemade a choicemade a choiceunder guaranteeunder guaranteehashasan advantagean advantagestay awakestay awake1.1.你應該利用你的業(yè)余時間學習另外一門外語。你應該利用你的業(yè)余時間學習另外一門外語。(make use of)(make use of)2.2.他希望在年底前實現(xiàn)所有的目標。他希望在年底前實現(xiàn)所有的目標。(achieve)(achieve)3.3.作為一名學生，我保證努力學習，不辜負父母的作為一名

32、學生，我保證努力學習，不辜負父母的期望。期望。(guarantee to do)(guarantee to do).翻譯句子翻譯句子You should make use of your spare time toYou should make use of your spare time tolearn another foreign language.learn another foreign language.He hopes to achieve all his aims by the endHe hopes to achieve all his aims by the endof t

33、he year.of the year.As a student,I guarantee to study hard,notAs a student,I guarantee to study hard,not to make to make the expectation of my parents letthe expectation of my parents letdown.down.4.4.那個國家的犯罪正在增加。那個國家的犯罪正在增加。(on the increase)(on the increase)5.Kindness is a quality that isnt often 5

34、.Kindness is a quality that isnt often rewarded in our schools,sorewarded in our schools,so we must make a we must make a strong effort to acknowledge it at home.strong effort to acknowledge it at home.In that country crimes are on the increase.In that country crimes are on the increase.善良是一種通常在學校里無

35、法受到獎賞的素質(zhì)，因善良是一種通常在學校里無法受到獎賞的素質(zhì)，因此我們必須努力在家庭中培養(yǎng)這種素質(zhì)。此我們必須努力在家庭中培養(yǎng)這種素質(zhì)。1.Dont lend them the carthey are taking 1.Dont lend them the carthey are taking advantage advantage you. you.A.over B.of C.at D.forA.over B.of C.at D.for解析解析 take advantage oftake advantage of利用，是固定搭配。利用，是固定搭配。.單項填空單項填空B2.The player

36、 is under good treatment and the2.The player is under good treatment and the are that he will recover from his are that he will recover from his injury in time for the next game.injury in time for the next game.A.opportunities B.occasionsA.opportunities B.occasionsC.chances D.conditionsC.chances D.c

37、onditions解析解析 The chances are that.“The chances are that.“可能是可能是”。句意為：這位運動員在接受良好的治療，很可能他句意為：這位運動員在接受良好的治療，很可能他能從傷病中恢復趕上參加下屆運動會。能從傷病中恢復趕上參加下屆運動會。C3.Since 3.Since from the company,she from the company,she has done has done voluntary work for a charity.voluntary work for a charity. A.retiring B.retired

38、 A.retiring B.retired C.stopping D.stopped C.stopping D.stopped解析解析 分析句子知分析句子知sheshe和動詞和動詞retireretire之間是主謂關(guān)之間是主謂關(guān)系，故用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式系，故用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式retiringretiring。A4.Everyones attention was drawn to the 4.Everyones attention was drawn to the eight-year-old girl who eight-year-old girl who was was perfectly at

39、 the piano. perfectly at the piano.A.acting B.behavingA.acting B.behaving C.doing D.performing C.doing D.performing解析解析 perform“perform“表演表演”，根據(jù)句意知：小女孩正，根據(jù)句意知：小女孩正在表演，故用在表演，故用performingperforming。D5.Two 5.Two died of cold last winter. died of cold last winter.A.scoresA.scores of old people of old pe

40、ople B.score B.score of old people of old people C.scores C.scores of old peoples of old peoples D.score D.score of old peoples of old peoples解析解析 scorescore前有具體數(shù)字或前有具體數(shù)字或manymany，severalseveral等修等修飾時，本身不加飾時，本身不加“s”s”；peoplepeople為集合名詞，不用為集合名詞，不用加加“s”s”，所以選，所以選B B。B6.We cannot 6.We cannot the punctu

41、al arrival of the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.trains in foggy weather.A.be sure B.guardA.be sure B.guard C.guarantee D.make C.guarantee D.make sure sure解析解析 guaranteeguarantee保證；保證；be surebe sure后不接句子，可后不接句子，可以接以接ofof和不定式符號和不定式符號toto；guardguard警衛(wèi)；防衛(wèi)；警衛(wèi)；防衛(wèi)；make make suresure后直接跟句子。根據(jù)句

42、意知，后直接跟句子。根據(jù)句意知，C C項正確。項正確。C7.Angry residents have 7.Angry residents have war on the war on the owners of the factory.owners of the factory.A.declared B.announcedA.declared B.announced C.broadcast D.advertised C.broadcast D.advertised解析解析 declare war on.“declare war on.“對對宣戰(zhàn)宣戰(zhàn)”，為習，為習慣搭配。慣搭配。A8.There

43、s very little 8.Theres very little in arguing with in arguing withJack.ItJack.It wont help at all. wont help at all.A.point B.meaning C.use D.viewA.point B.meaning C.use D.view解析解析 There is no/little point in doing sthThere is no/little point in doing sth. .做某事沒有意義。做某事沒有意義。A9.Who is it up 9.Who is i

44、t up decide whether to go or decide whether to go or not?not?A.to to B.to C.for to D.toA.to to B.to C.for to D.to for for解析解析 本題考查本題考查“Its up to sb.to do sthIts up to sb.to do sth.”.”的疑問式，故選的疑問式，故選B B。B10.Mary looks down today.What10.Mary looks down today.What is up? is up? Well, Well, happened betw

45、een Mary and happened between Mary and me is none of your business. me is none of your business. A.wherever B.whoever A.wherever B.whoever C.whatever D.no C.whatever D.no matter what matter what解析解析 在此句中在此句中whateverwhatever引導主語從句引導主語從句“.happened between Mary and me.”.happened between Mary and me.”并且

46、并且whateverwhatever在主語從句中作主語；在主語從句中作主語；D D項多引導狀語從項多引導狀語從句；句；A A項不在從句中作主語；項不在從句中作主語；B B項意思不對。項意思不對。C11.Its really a hard job sweeping the11.Its really a hard job sweeping the house.They house.They began to regret began to regret such a such a big house. big house. A.persuading B.ensuring A.persuading B.ensuring C.purchasing D.negotiating C.purchasing D.negotiating解析解析 句意為：打掃房子真是一件很難的事情。他句意為：打掃房子真是一件很難的事情。他們開始后悔買這么大的房子了。們開始后悔買這么大的房子了。C12.Althouth the 12.Althouth the between the two teams between the two teams is close,theis close,the are all f