音標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)速成課程

1、Lesson One英語國際音標(biāo)英語國際音標(biāo) 英語中有英語中有4848個(gè)音素個(gè)音素, ,其中元音其中元音2020個(gè)，個(gè)，輔音輔音2828個(gè)，音素是音的最小單位。個(gè)，音素是音的最小單位。 元元 音音單單元元音音前元音前元音/i:/ /i/ /e/ /中元音中元音/ /:/ /后元音后元音/a:/ /D/ /:/ /u/ /u:/雙雙元元音音合口雙元音合口雙元音ei ai u i au集中雙元音集中雙元音i e u輔輔音音爆破音爆破音 鼻鼻 音音摩擦音摩擦音破擦音破擦音舌舌側(cè)側(cè)音音半元半元音音清清濁濁清清濁濁清清濁濁pb m（閉口）（閉口）fvlwtd n （開口）（開口）sztsdzjkg （鼻

2、后）（鼻后）tdhrtrdrAa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh II Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Z z單元音字母有單元音字母有 a o e i u yLesson One在在重讀開音節(jié)重讀開音節(jié)中中的的發(fā)音發(fā)音絕對開音節(jié)絕對開音節(jié)：單詞直接以發(fā)音的元音字母結(jié)尾。單詞直接以發(fā)音的元音字母結(jié)尾。開音節(jié)：開音節(jié)：以元音字母結(jié)尾，且發(fā)音的元音字母讀音相對自由，以元音字母結(jié)尾，且發(fā)音的元音字母讀音相對自由，不受后面輔音字母發(fā)音的阻礙。開音節(jié)分不受后面輔音字母發(fā)音的阻礙。開音節(jié)分“相對開音節(jié)相對開音節(jié)” ” 和和“絕對開音節(jié)

3、絕對開音節(jié)”。相對開音節(jié)有三種類型：相對開音節(jié)有三種類型：2、home /hum/3、shine /ain/1、eve /i:v/元元+輔（除輔（除r）+ e (不發(fā)音不發(fā)音) 輔輔+元元+輔（除輔（除r）+e (不發(fā)音不發(fā)音)輔組輔組+元元+輔（除輔（除r）+e (不發(fā)音不發(fā)音) 如如be /bi:/，she /i:/ ，hi /ai/。找出開音節(jié)單詞，要細(xì)心呀，相找出開音節(jié)單詞，要細(xì)心呀，相name fat game lake bag dog go home box those he hen me we these egg kite sit ride write big use up cu

4、te bus my typenamegamelakegohomehemewekiteridewriteusecutemytype找出開音節(jié)單詞，要細(xì)心呀，相信你能行！找出開音節(jié)單詞，要細(xì)心呀，相信你能行！thosethese單元音字母在（重讀）單元音字母在（重讀）開音節(jié)中讀它的開音節(jié)中讀它的ae I (y)ou /ei/ /i:/ /ai/u/ju:/單元音字母的名稱音如下：單元音字母的名稱音如下：名稱音名稱音找出開音節(jié)單詞，要細(xì)心呀，相找出開音節(jié)單詞，要細(xì)心呀，相name fat game lake bag dog go home box those he hen me we these e

5、gg kite sit ride write big use up cute bus my typenamegamelakegohomehemewekiteridewriteusecutemytype找出開音節(jié)單詞，要細(xì)心呀，相信你能行！找出開音節(jié)單詞，要細(xì)心呀，相信你能行！thosethesenamegamelakegohomehemewekiterideshineusecutemytype試著讀出下列單詞試著讀出下列單詞cake cape name game plane same bake lake make made take atego no nose hope home rode s

6、o post broken joke move five fine line mine nine kite like bike ride nice rice size find kind life time wide blind smile shineby byebye goodbye my fly shy type讀音標(biāo)，寫出相應(yīng)的單詞讀音標(biāo)，寫出相應(yīng)的單詞 /kait/_ /paip/_ /fju:m/_ /mi:/_ /nut/_kitepipenotemefume讀音標(biāo)，寫出相應(yīng)的單詞讀音標(biāo)，寫出相應(yīng)的單詞 /hum/ _homecape cake case crazy cage ch

7、ange lady waste wake bake lake take shake make made wave brave safe same snake tape shape name game date hate plane by plane race face place late later April able table table tennis ache headache toothache stomachache favorite /ei/ a /u/ o ago go away go to school go to work go to bed go home go fis

8、hing go swimming over open broken old how old hold hotel fold told gold cold close clothes no nose November hope home homework photo phone toe rode robot kilo piano radio so also sofa smoke postcard postman programme only those jokefive fine line mine wine nine nineteen ninety find kind mind blind c

9、limb life lion violin library kite like wide bike ride riding bikes China Chinese high light flight night tonight right alright bright fight sight size smile sunshine spice silence nice rice exercise excited driver tiger time white write Friday prize surprise arrive fire tired quiet quite/ai/ iby go

10、odbye my why try fry fly July reply sky shy type y /ai/he me we she/i:/ euse cute duke u /ju:/Lesson Two在在重讀閉音節(jié)重讀閉音節(jié)中中的的發(fā)音發(fā)音 何為閉音節(jié)？何為閉音節(jié)？以輔音字母結(jié)尾，且元音字母的發(fā)音被輔音以輔音字母結(jié)尾，且元音字母的發(fā)音被輔音字母的發(fā)音截住，如同被關(guān)閉起來，不能自由地拉長發(fā)音，這樣字母的發(fā)音截住，如同被關(guān)閉起來，不能自由地拉長發(fā)音，這樣的音節(jié)就是閉音節(jié)。的音節(jié)就是閉音節(jié)。閉音節(jié)類型：閉音節(jié)類型：1、元、元+輔（除輔（除r） 如如if 2、元、元+輔組輔組 如如ash 3、

11、輔、輔+元元+輔（除輔（除r） 如如 bus 4、輔、輔+元元+輔組輔組 如如 luck 5、輔組、輔組+元元+輔（除輔（除r） 如如shop 6、輔組、輔組+元元+輔組輔組 如如shock.特例：特例：was /w s/中中a發(fā)發(fā)/ ，pass pa:s/中中a發(fā)發(fā)/a:/ ，也就是說，也就是說a在字母在字母w后通常發(fā)后通常發(fā)/ ， 在在ss前通常發(fā)前通常發(fā)/a:/ae i(y)ou / /e/ /i/ / /單元音字母在（重讀）閉音節(jié)中單元音字母在（重讀）閉音節(jié)中的發(fā)音如下：的發(fā)音如下：把單詞大聲讀出來吧！把單詞大聲讀出來吧！bad map tap jambed pet Ted wetdi

12、p fit kid zipbobhotlotshopdogrunrushupbussunbuta ae e i(y i(y) )o ou u / / / /e/ /e/ /i/ /i/ / / / /ashwetifshockJackshutae i(y)ou / /e/ /i/ / /_/w_t/_f/_k/d_k/ /_t/找出每個(gè)單詞各個(gè)部分找出每個(gè)單詞各個(gè)部分對應(yīng)的類別對應(yīng)的類別ash wet if shock Jack shut 把字母在（重讀）把字母在（重讀）閉音節(jié)中的發(fā)音閉音節(jié)中的發(fā)音寫出來吧！寫出來吧！ a /_/i /_/o /_/u /_/e /_/ h a m /_/ /

13、_/ /_/ j a m /_/ /_/ /_/ p e n /_/ /_/ /_/ t e n /_/ /_/ /_/ f i t /_/ /_/ /_/ o f f /_/ /_/讀一讀，將每個(gè)字母對應(yīng)的音標(biāo)寫出來。讀一讀，將每個(gè)字母對應(yīng)的音標(biāo)寫出來。 h a l l /_/ /_/ /_/ l u c k /_/ /_/ /_/ j u m p /_/ /_/ /_/ /_/讀音標(biāo)，寫出相應(yīng)的單詞。讀音標(biāo)，寫出相應(yīng)的單詞。 /ht/_ /red/_ /pt/_ /rn/_ /pig/_ /hil/_Listen and tick6.land lend2.let lot3.bit but4

14、.not nut5.in on1.lift left7.bell bill8.tell till9.well will10.doll dulla /am as add at bat fat hat rat flat black backpack bag sad dad bad badly ant and hand sand stand band husband bank has have had happen happy marry family talent apple animal Africa act active activity parrot carrot camel can fan

15、 man ran plan habbit rabbit map manner matter travel Paris palace panda fax taxi body hobby sorry doctor dog doll hot not on off office often orange October box fox pocket rocket soft solve sock lock rock clock cross coffee copy comment cost lost got lots of from frog long comedy modest modern model

16、 bottle horrible holiday hospital shop chop drop hop top job pop music stop strong job project robot borrow tommorrow o /D/ten hen pen pencil send friend fresh seven eleven twelve yes yesterday dress address chess press present egg sex insect collect next left red bed bedtime let get pet wet met ver

17、y every help belt welcome desk better best test rest west bell tell well sell smell shell ever never February e /e/ u /up upset ugly us bus but shut butter such lunch peanut club dull uncle under understand summer number sun Sunday sunshine sunny funny hurry study hungry hundred gum toothbrush rubbi

18、sh subject just bump jump jumping dumpling luck lucky much mum drum mutton button discuss introductionI /i/if ill kill kiss miss mistake milk middle mix fix six sit sister silly swim swimming is his visit list risk lift wish dish fish finish ship big pig bit fit dinner difficulti y /i/ This is a pig

19、.Jim is as thin as a pin.Dick often sits on the hill.Bill lives in this village.It is a pity ,this city is too noisy.朗讀下面的句子：朗讀下面的句子：body family happy carry lady lazy baby windy cloudy sunny funny hurry hungry angry sorry forty fifty party duty very every empty easyy /i/元音字母組合元音字母組合 的的發(fā)音規(guī)律發(fā)音規(guī)律Lesson

20、 threeea /i:/tea team teacher sea season seal deal each beach weak cheap east eat beat heat seat meat meaning read lead leave treat cream please deaf death head breakfast sweater weather ready already bread heavy healthy pleasentea /e/ea /ei/great break see seem seek meet meeting need beef feed feel

21、 keep deep sleep sweep sneeze cheese week weekend free flee tree three green greet ee /i:/seeseaweakweekmeatmeetA friend in need is a friend indeed.Which would you like, black tea or green tea?Can you see the green tree?Do you like to eat meat?朗讀下面的句子：朗讀下面的句子： receive ceilingei /i:/ peopleeo /i:/eig

22、ht weightei /ei/ ey /ei/hey they obey grey survey ey /i:/keyaid aim main pain rain rainbow raise train gain again afraid paint complain wait waiter fail sail e-mail daily straightai /ei/au /:/autumn August Australia cause because daughter naughty taught sauce sausage astronautau /a:/aunt laugh ay /e

23、i/day may lay way subway away always pay play stay say essayboat goat coat coach coal goal goalkeeper hoax road toast soap oak throat oa /u/ ou /au/mouth mouse house housework out shout about proud cloud cloudy loudly found sound round around playground mountain amount announce thousand ou /trouble

24、count country cousin young enoughou /u/should could would soup through ou /u/ ou /:/ bought brought thought cough though although shoulder/ oufamous nervouszoo food moon noon soon room roof root shoot broom goose choose too tooth noodle cool pool fool school oo /u:/book look cook good foot oo /u/ oo

25、 / blood floodboy toy joy enjoy annoy soybeanoil soil boil noise join point voice choice oy /i/oi /i/ diaryia ie io /ai/ quiet science lionfruit juiceui /u/音節(jié)音節(jié)的的 發(fā)音規(guī)律發(fā)音規(guī)律Lesson four ar/a:/are arm art artist article argue car card postcard hard yard regard far farm farmer bark dark park shark mark m

26、arket supermarket party star start smart large guitar Marchar /:/warm quarter ar /collar dollar popular regular similar /:/or order bored border corner sore more morning born for fork form forty afford short horse before report record support uniform normal sport store story door floor or oorworm wo

27、rd world work worker homework or /:/ doctor actor tutor color forget informationor / sir bird girl shirt first firm skirt birth birthday third thirteen thirty thirsty dirtyir /:/ turn burn hurt turkey turtle purple purse nurse surf surprise purpose curly murder church Thursday Saturday hamburger ur

28、/:/ her hers after afternoon water under number supper summer winter father other mother brother sister tiger driver teacher farmer winner dinner litter river sweater weather better letter clever member matter paper later eraser computer enter September October November December er/earn learn earth

29、early heard researchear /:/ ear /i/ear dear hear fear near nearly beard year clear appear ear /e/bear pear wear air /e/air airport fair hair pair repair chairpair pear eer /i/beer deer cheer volunteerour /:/your yours four are /e/care careful hare spare square compareere /e/there where ere /i/herewe

30、ar where輔音字母及組合輔音字母及組合的的發(fā)音規(guī)律發(fā)音規(guī)律Lesson five發(fā)音變化的輔音字母發(fā)音變化的輔音字母c的發(fā)音的發(fā)音字母字母c在字母在字母“e、i、y”前通常發(fā)前通常發(fā)/s/，不在，不在“e、i、y”前通常發(fā)前通常發(fā)/k/ feis/ sel/sait/ siti/lusi/saikl/facecellcitecityLucycyclepricerecentfence/fkt/ keim/kju:t/ k/kud/factcamecutecashcodecirclecyclepracticesuccessfulpacificpicnicpanic讀一讀，將字母讀一讀，將字母

31、c及整個(gè)單詞的對應(yīng)的音標(biāo)寫出來。及整個(gè)單詞的對應(yīng)的音標(biāo)寫出來。i c e/_/_/n i c e/_/_/r i c e/_/_/r a c e/_/_/c a k e/_/_/c a m e/_/_/c a n/_/_/c a p/_/_/c a t/_/_/c u p/_/_/c u t/_/_/a c t/_/_/讀音標(biāo)，寫出相應(yīng)的單詞。讀音標(biāo)，寫出相應(yīng)的單詞。 /kt/_ /fens/_ /sent/ _ /kp/_cutfencecentcopDo you know?（你知道嗎？）（你知道嗎？）字母字母c還有一個(gè)發(fā)音規(guī)律哦！字還有一個(gè)發(fā)音規(guī)律哦！字母母c在在ia、io、ea前通常發(fā)前

32、通常發(fā) /,如如facial、official、ocean等，大等，大家會(huì)在以后的學(xué)習(xí)中碰到的。家會(huì)在以后的學(xué)習(xí)中碰到的。Do you know?發(fā)音發(fā)音變化變化的的輔音字母輔音字母 的的發(fā)音發(fā)音同學(xué)們，你們一定發(fā)現(xiàn)了字母同學(xué)們，你們一定發(fā)現(xiàn)了字母g在字母在字母“e、i、y”前既前既可以發(fā)可以發(fā)也可以發(fā)也可以發(fā)。當(dāng)不在。當(dāng)不在“e、i、y”前字母前字母g通常發(fā)通常發(fā)/g/,看看下面的單詞吧！看看下面的單詞吧！agegetgiftgymfoggy/d/d/g/g/g/觀察下列單詞中觀察下列單詞中g(shù) g對應(yīng)的音標(biāo)，將結(jié)論填在空格上。對應(yīng)的音標(biāo)，將結(jié)論填在空格上。/d/orangecagechall

33、enge/d/d/Lets read and fill（讀一讀，將下列單詞對應(yīng)的音標(biāo)寫出來。（讀一讀，將下列單詞對應(yīng)的音標(biāo)寫出來。 ） game/_/ go/_/ God/_/ gum/_/ gun/_/ egg/_/ pig/_/ gate/_/ geim geitLets read and write（讀音標(biāo)，寫出相應(yīng)的單詞。（讀音標(biāo)，寫出相應(yīng)的單詞。 ） /dg/_ _ _ /leg/_ _ _ /dig/_ _ _/peid/ _ _ _ e/weid/ _ _ _ e/hju:d/ _ _ _ e 工資工資巨大的巨大的d o gl e gd i gp a gw a gh u g發(fā)音發(fā)

34、音變化變化的的輔音字母輔音字母 的的發(fā)音發(fā)音( (看例詞提示，寫出看例詞提示，寫出s s相對應(yīng)的音標(biāo)。相對應(yīng)的音標(biāo)。) )Lets look and fill sad/_/ safe/_/ same/_/ six/_/ glass /gl_/ kiss/_/ miss /_/Swiss/_/當(dāng)當(dāng)s位于詞首位于詞首或雙寫時(shí)，通或雙寫時(shí)，通常發(fā)常發(fā)/s/音。音。當(dāng)當(dāng)s位于元音字母后面時(shí)，通常發(fā)位于元音字母后面時(shí)，通常發(fā)/s/或或/z/。當(dāng)當(dāng)s位于清輔音后面時(shí)，通常發(fā)清輔音位于清輔音后面時(shí)，通常發(fā)清輔音/s/，當(dāng)當(dāng)s位于濁輔音后面時(shí)，通常發(fā)濁輔音位于濁輔音后面時(shí)，通常發(fā)濁輔音/z/。將下列單詞的音標(biāo)

35、補(bǔ)充完整并大聲朗讀出來。將下列單詞的音標(biāo)補(bǔ)充完整并大聲朗讀出來。 gas/_ _ s/ has/_ _ z/s/z/ rise/_ _ z/ case/_ _ s/s/z/s/s/s/s/s/s/ reads/_ i: _ _/ writes/r _ _ _/s/s/cooks/_ u _ _/ loves/_ _ _/s/z/s/z/Lets read and write（讀音標(biāo)，寫出相應(yīng)的單詞。（讀音標(biāo)，寫出相應(yīng)的單詞。 ） /bs/_ /pa:s/ _ /seiv/ _/send/ _/k/ k c ck ch/k/ k/k/ ccopy computer Canada traffic

36、music picnic public king kite key look cook book kitchen /k/ ck/k/ chpack lack black rock lock clock shock check pick chick quick luck duck technology character chaos ache stomach stomachache chemistry chemicalChrist/f/ f ph gh/f/ ffive fine life wife knife fly flag frog fog roof/f/ phphoto phone ph

37、ysics elephant geography/f/ gh rough enough laugh cough th /thank think thin thing anything nothing three thirteen thirty thirsty Thursday north south mouth month tooth both Maths birthday thrill throw / / th th / /mother brother another father rather together weather this that these those the they

38、them then than clothes with there their/t/ /d/ / t/ tch child children China Chinese cheese chair change chick chicken chopsticks teach teacher march March much lunch/ t/ ch catch match hatch watch fetch /d/ jjoy enjoy join June July jeep jar joke jump /d/ gage language cabbage orange page vegetable

39、 stage large village change strange danger message sausage gently dangerous suggest imagine original（四）（四）常見常見發(fā)音固定發(fā)音固定的的輔音輔音字母組合字母組合常見發(fā)音固定的輔音字母組合及發(fā)音：常見發(fā)音固定的輔音字母組合及發(fā)音：tch nk phwrkn /t/ /k/ /f/ /r/ /n/wh /w/ what when where which why whether wheel wheat wharf while white whalewho whom whose whole wh /h/ qu /kw/quality quick quit quite quiet quake question quartertw /tw/between twelve twenty twin twicewr /r/write wrote writer wrist wrong wrap kn