一般現(xiàn)在時_一般過去式及現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時知識點及練習(xí)題

1、一般現(xiàn)在時用法及練習(xí)題一、用法：1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。二、構(gòu)成：1. be動詞：主語+be(am ,is ,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she ,it)時，三單變化： 多數(shù)在動詞后加s

2、60;，playplays  likelikes 以s，x，sh，ch，o結(jié)尾的動詞加es  gogoes  washwashes，以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，把y改i再加es，flyflies 。第三，我的變化-否定句、一般疑問句、特殊疑問句：1. be動詞的變化。否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike

3、?2.行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語+ don't( doesn't ) +動詞原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she d

4、oes. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work?同學(xué)們需要掌握的一般現(xiàn)在時第三人稱單數(shù)形式：Lives, teaches, goes, watches, reads, does, works, does, doesnt一般過去式及練習(xí)一、基本概念一般過去時(simple past tense)表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為；過去主語所具備的能力和性格。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語+動詞過去式+其他 否定形式was/were+not;在行為動詞前加didn'

5、t，同時還原行為動詞 一般疑問句Did+主語+do+其他？ 例句She often came to help us in those days. I didn't know you were so busy. 一般過去式的構(gòu)成形式 肯定式疑問式否定式疑問否定式I workedDid I work?I did not workDid I not work?He(she,it) workedDid he(she,it) work?He (she,it)did not workDid he(she,it)not work?We workedDid we work?We did not wor

6、kDid we not work?You workedDid you work?You did not workDid you not work?They workedDid they work?They did not workDid they not work?三、一般過去時的用法(1)一般過去時表示在過去某個特定時間發(fā)生，也可以表示過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作。一般過去時不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，只說明過去的事情。 句式：主語+過去動詞+賓語+其他 如：I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨，我跟朱麗亞說了幾句話。He smoked many cig

7、arettes a day until he gave up. 他沒有戒煙的那陣子，抽煙抽得可兇了。 (2) 一般過去時常與表示過去的時間狀語或從句連用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 等等。 補充內(nèi)容：（句子中謂語動詞是用一般過去時還是用現(xiàn)在完成時，取決于動作是否對現(xiàn)在有影響。 Have you had your lunch? 你吃過午飯了嗎？（你現(xiàn)在不餓嗎？） Yes, I have. 是的，我已經(jīng)吃過了。（已經(jīng)吃飽了，不想再吃

8、了。） When did you have it? 你是什么時候吃的？（關(guān)心的是吃的動作發(fā)生在何時。） I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大約是十分鐘以前吃的。 ） Used to do something 表示過去常做而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)停止了的習(xí)慣動作。I used to work fourteen hours a day. 我過去常常一天干十四個小時。 I ate it at 6：45。我在六點四十五分吃了。 注意：1、帶有確定的過去時間狀語時，要用過去時 如：yesterday（昨天）、two days ago（兩天前 ）、last year（去年）、the ot

9、her day（前幾天）、once upon a time（很久以前）、 just now（剛才）、in the old days（過去的日子里）、before liberation（解放前）、 When I was 8 years old（當(dāng)我八歲時）、at+一個時間點 Did you have a party the other day？ 前幾天，你們開了晚會了嗎？ Lei Feng was a good soldier. 雷鋒是個好戰(zhàn)士。 另外，在談到已死去的人的情況時，多用過去時。 2、表示過去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動作時，要用過去時 這種情況下，往往沒有表示過去的時間狀語，而通過上下文來表示。

10、The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died. 那男孩把眼睛張開了一會兒，看看船長，然后就去世了。 3、表示過去一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)的動作，常與always，never等連用。 Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 彼得太太過去老是帶著一把傘。 （只是說明她過去的動作，不表明她現(xiàn)在是否常帶著傘。） 比較 Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella. 彼得太太老是帶著傘。 （說明這是她的習(xí)慣，表明她現(xiàn)在仍然還習(xí)慣總帶著一把傘）

11、 Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella. 彼得太太 總是帶著一把傘。（表示說話者對這一動作或行為厭煩） I never drank wine.我以前從不喝酒。 （不涉及到現(xiàn)在，不說明現(xiàn)在是否喝酒） 4、 如果強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)終止的習(xí)慣時要用 used to do(過去常常做，而現(xiàn)在不那樣做了) He used to drink. 他過去喝酒。 （意味著他現(xiàn)在不喝酒了。喝酒這個動作終止了） I used to take a walk in the morning. 我過去是在早晨散步。 （意味著現(xiàn)在不在早晨散步了） 比較： I took a walk in

12、the morning. 我曾經(jīng)在早晨散過步。 （只是說明過去這一動作） 5、有些句子，雖然沒有表示過去確定時間的狀語，但實際上是指過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)的話，也要用過去時，這一點，我們中國學(xué)生往往出錯，要特別注意！ I don't know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。 （因為在說話時，我已經(jīng)知道你在巴黎了。這句話指的是說話之前，所以只能用過去時表示。實際上，這句話暗指：But now I know you are here.） I think you were ill. 我以為你病了呢。 （這句話應(yīng)是在說話之前，我以為你病了。但是現(xiàn)在我知道你沒?。?

13、四、一般過去時謂語部分的構(gòu)成1 Be 動詞的一般過去時態(tài). 在沒有實義動詞的句子中使用be動詞， am is 的過去式為was; are的過去式為were. 構(gòu)成：肯定句：主語+was (were) +表語 如：I was late yesterday. （昨天我遲到了。） 否定句：主語+was (were) +not+表語 如：We weren't late yesterday. (我們昨天沒遲到) 疑問句：Was (Were) +主語+表語 如： Were you ill yesterday? （你昨天病了嗎？） 肯定回答： Yes, I was. (是的，我病了。) 否定句： N

14、o, I wasn't. (不，我沒病。) 特殊疑問句： 特殊疑問詞+was (were) +主語+表語 如：When were you born? 你是什么時候出生的？ 2 實義動詞的一般過去時態(tài) 肯定句要使用動詞的過去式，否定句和疑問句要使用助動詞do和 does 的過去式 did. 肯定句為：主語+動詞過去式+賓語 如： I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.（我昨天九點鐘回的家。） 否定句：主語+didn't +動詞原形+賓語 如：I didn't go home yesterday. (我昨天沒回家。) 疑問句：D

15、id +主語+動詞原形+賓語 如： Did you go home yesterday? (你昨天回家了嗎？) 肯定回答： Yes, I did. (是的，我回了。) 否定回答：No, I didn't. (不，我沒回家。) 3 助動詞和情態(tài)動詞過去式如下： shallshould（將要）用于第一人稱單數(shù) willwould（將要）用于所有人稱 cancould（能，會） maymight（可以） mustmust （必須） have tohad to（不得不） 助動詞和情態(tài)動詞的過去時態(tài)要使用他們的過去式，后面的動詞還使用原形。 如： I had to do my homework

16、yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作業(yè)。) 一般過去時講解 一般過去時也叫單純過去時。 例A：He worked very hard last year. （去年他很用功。） 例B：Mr. Smith bought a new car yesterday. （史密斯先生昨天買了一輛新車。） 例C：They were here only a few minutes ago. （幾分鐘前他們還在這里。） 一般過去時的用法如下： 一般過去時最明顯的現(xiàn)象就是常由表達(dá)過去之時間的副詞或副詞短語來修飾它（如各例句的斜體字部分）。這些常用于修飾一般過去時的副詞有：yesterday, yesterday

17、 morning （afternoon, evening ）, just now （剛才）, before （以前） , then （at that time ） （當(dāng)時） , last +時間 （如 last week, month, year, Monday, January, spring, , etc. ）, that +時間 （如 that day, afternoon, summer, , etc. ）, 時間 + ago （如 a few minutes ago, two weeks ago , years ago, etc.） “過去”的概念并不是只指如 “yesterday,

18、 last week, ” 等，實際上“與現(xiàn)在對立的過去”，亦即“非現(xiàn)在的以前”，哪怕是“過了說話時間的幾分鐘之前”，只要所要表達(dá)的時間與說話時的“現(xiàn)在”形成對立，就必須使用一般過去時來表達(dá)。例如： He was here only a few minutes ago. （僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。） I came home just now. （我剛回到家。） 五、特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑問詞當(dāng)主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?六、動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動詞

19、末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不規(guī)則動詞過去式（詳見書本）3、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動作。常與now，at the moment 等時間狀語連用。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be (is/am/are) + v-ing。例：He is sleeping at the moment.2、 表示當(dāng)前一段時間

20、內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。例：I am studying in Datun High School.They are working in a factory these days.3、 某些動詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時可表將來。例：We are going to Beijing this afternoon.The bus is coming.4、 表示經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，常與always，continually，constantly，forever等連用，常表示厭煩、不滿和贊揚等情感。例：He is always working until midnight. （贊揚）They are for

21、ever quarrelling about something. （不滿）動詞v-ing的構(gòu)成形式：規(guī)則原形-ing形式一般在動詞原形末尾加-ingwashcatchstaywashingcatchingstaying以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動詞。先去掉e，再加-ingmaketakegivemakingtakinggiving以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞，如果末尾只有一個輔音字母，應(yīng)雙寫這個字母，再加-ingsitgetbeginsittinggettingbeginning以ie結(jié)尾的單詞，改ie為y，再加-ingliedietielyingdyingtying練 習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時練習(xí)I. Choo

22、se the right answers to cloze.用括號內(nèi)適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁铡?.We often (play) in the playground.2. He (get) up at six oclock.3.   you (brush) your teeth every morning.4. What  (do) he usually (do) after school?5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6.  Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his siste

23、r.7.  At eight at night, she (watch) TV with his parents.8. Mike (read) English every day?9. How many lessons your classmate_(have) on Monday?10. What time his mother (do) the housework?11.He usually _ (get)up at six in the morning.12.She_(have) blues eyes.13.We _(go ) to school

24、every day14.The boy _(like) playing football.15.We_(have)no classes on Sundays.16.She_(write) to her mother once a week.17.It _(rain)quite often during the month of July every year.18.She often_(watch)TV on Saturdays.19.Mike usually_(ride) a bike with his friends in the park.20 Peter and Mary often_

25、(play) badminton together.23.My mother_(have) a lot of cousins.21.Many people often _ (listen) to the radio in the moring.22._(do)she _(like) playing the violin?Yes,she_(do).23.She_(have)four brothers. She_(like) them very much.24. He often _(have) dinner at home.25. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.26.

26、Sandy usually _(play) the piano on Sundays.27.The cat_(like) eating fish every much.28. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.29. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.II. Read and fill in the blanks.(選詞填空)Watches read goes gets eats lives worksMy aunt is a nurse. She likes mu

27、sic very much. She _ in a big hospital. Every day she _ up at 6:30. She _ breakfast at 7:00. After breakfast she _ to work by bus. She usually goes home at 5:30. After dinner, she often _ TV and _ books. At 10:30, she goes to bed.III. Read the questions and circle the right answers.(讀問題，圈出正確的答案)1.Wh

28、ere does your pen pal live? A. No, she live in the country. B. She live in the city. C. She lives in the city.2.When does she go to work?A. She go to work at 7. B. She goes to work at 7. C. Yes, she does.3. Does Peter go to school by subway?A. No, he does. B. No, he doesnt. C. Yes, on foot.4. What d

29、oes Miss Green do?A. She teaches English. B. Yes, shes a teacher. C. At school.5.Does she read newspapers at night?A. Yes, she do. B. Yes, she does. C. No, she does. 6.Whats your pen pals hobby?A. She like reading. B. She like read. C. She likes reading.練習(xí)：1. - What about the pen you bought yesterda

30、y? - It _ well. I like it very much. A. was written B. is written C. wrote D. writes 2. There is going to _ a sports meeting next week. If it _, we'll have to cancel it. A. be; will rain B. have; will rain C. be; rains 3. Tom is strong and he _ to school every day. A. walked B. walks C. will wal

31、k D. has walked 4. - What will you do if it _ tomorrow? - I'll stay at home and watch the match on TV. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 5. Every year many foreigners _ to China to learn Chinese. A. have come B. comes C. came D. come 6. - I won't go to bed until the TV play _ over.

32、 - You'd better not do that. A. is B. was C. will D. will be 7. A large number of students in this school _ from the country. They work very hard. A. come B. comes C. came D. coming 8. - I wonder if I _ tomorrow. - Don't worry. If it_, we'll stay at home. A. rains, rains B. will rain, ra

33、ins C. rains, will rain 9. - When will you come to see me, Dad? -I will go to see you when you _ then training course. A. finished B. finish C. are finishing D. will finish 10. - What do you do? - I'm an engineer. I _ in a company in Wuhan. I like my job very much. A. work B. had worked C. will

34、work D. worked 11. - How much _ the shoes? - Five dollars _ enough. A. is; is B. are; is C. are; are D. is; are 12. I'll do it better if the teacher _ me another chance. A. give B. gives C. gave D. will give 13. In the coming summer holidays, my family _ going to take a one-week trip to Qingdao.

35、 A. is B. are C. was D. were 14. The children will climb the hill if it _ tomorrow. A. won't rain B. didn't rain C. doesn't rain D. isn't raining 15. - When to the hospital? - When he _ there. I'll call you. A. he goes; goes B. will he go; will go C. he go; will he go D. will he

36、go; goes 16. The teacher told us that light _ much faster than sound. A. traveled B. will travel C. travels D. is traveling l7. It_ twelve hours to go to Guangzhou by train. A. is taking B. are going to take C. takes D. has taken18. I'll come to see you as soon as I _ back. A. will be B. am bein

37、g C. was D. am19. Jean wants to go to China but she _ money. A. didn't have B. doesn't have no C. had no D. has no一般過去時練習(xí)一、寫出下列動詞（?？紗卧~）的過去式isam_  fly_  plant_  are _  drink_play_    go_  make _ does_  dance_worry_  ask _   taste_ &#

38、160;eat_ draw_put _    throw_ kick_  pass_   do _二、用be動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends.5. The little dog _ two years old this year.6. Look, there _ lots of grap

39、es here.7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_一般疑問句：_ 肯定回答：_否定回答：_2 They played football in the playground.否定句：_一般疑問句：_ 肯定回答

40、：_否定回答：_三、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ (go) to the park. 4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National

41、Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. “What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? ”“She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.”9. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday 10. 10. We all _ (have) a good time last night.11. He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 12. She likes _ new

42、spapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read)13. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play)14. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now.15. “_ they _ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? ” “No, they _.”16. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday. 17. We _ (go) to school on Sunday.18. It _ (be) the 2nd of N

43、ovember yesterday. Mr White _ (go) to his office by car.20. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.21. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yesterday. (clean)22. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)23. They _ (make) a kite a week ago.24. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last

44、 month. (pick)25. “_ he _ the flowers this morning? ” “Yes, he _. (water)”26. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinese dances.27. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room.四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. It was exciting.  否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 2. All the students were very excited.  否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 3. They were in his pocket.  否定句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否定回答： 五、對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day. 2. They sang some English songs yesterday afternoon. 3.They played football in the playground. 練習(xí)：1. Never trouble me while I _ in my room.A.will sleep B.asleep C