語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)03：名詞性從句

1、語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)三：名詞性從句名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。因此，名詞性從句廳分為主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位從句。（一）引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞1、連接代詞：who, whose, whom, what, which。有詞義，在從句中擔(dān)任成分，如主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、或定語(yǔ)等。2、連接副詞：when, where, why, how。有詞義，在從句中擔(dān)任成分，作狀語(yǔ)。3、連接詞：that, whether, if, as if。that 無(wú)詞義，在從句中不擔(dān)任成分，有時(shí)可省略；if (whether), as if雖有詞義，但在從句中不擔(dān)任成分。注意：連接代詞與連接副

2、詞在句中不再是疑問(wèn)句，因而從句中謂語(yǔ)不用疑問(wèn)式。連接代詞與連接副詞在從句充當(dāng)句子成分，連接詞whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，只起連接作用。根據(jù)句義，如果連接代詞與連接副詞，whether、if 和as if都用不上時(shí)，才用that作連接詞（that本身無(wú)任何含義）。（二）主語(yǔ)從句1、主語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句作主語(yǔ)。e.g. Who will go is not important.2、用it作形式主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)從句放在句末。e.g. It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not.3、that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句

3、時(shí)，不能省略。e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.（三）表語(yǔ)從句1、表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)，位于系動(dòng)詞之后。e.g. The question was who could go there.2、引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞that有時(shí)可省去。e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.（四）賓語(yǔ)從句1、賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞that一般可省略。e.g. I hope (that) everything is

4、 all right.2、介詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句，不可用which或if連接，要分別用what或 whether。e.g. Im interested in whether youve finished the work. Im interested in what youve said.3、whether與if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，?？苫Q。但下面情況不能互換。賓語(yǔ)從句是否定句時(shí)，只用if，不用whether。e.g. I wonder if it doesnt rain.用if 會(huì)引起誤解，就要用whether。e.g. Please let me know whether you want t

5、o go.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易當(dāng)成條件句理解）賓語(yǔ)從句中的whether 與or not直接連用，就不能換成if；不直接連用，可換。e.g. I dont know whether or not the report is true.I dont know whether/ if the report is true or not.介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句要用whether引導(dǎo)。whether 可與不定式連用。whether也可引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句，還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，以上均不能換成if。但引導(dǎo)條件從句時(shí)，只能用if，而不能用whether。e.g. It depe

6、nds on whether we have enough time. They dont know whether to go there. Please come to see me if you have time.（五）同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句在句中作某一名詞的同位語(yǔ)，一般位于該名詞（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，說(shuō)明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。e.g. I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.

7、練習(xí)：名詞性從句一、判斷下列各句哪句含有名詞性從句，并指出是什么從句：1. China is no longer what it used to be.2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.5. The news that they had won the g

8、ame soon spread over the whole school.6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?10. I wonder why she refused my i

9、nvitation.二、用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空：1. I cant decide _ dictionary I should buy.2. Thats _ he refused my invitation.3. I am very interested in _ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.4. _ we need is more time.5. The fact _ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.6. _ and _ they

10、 will meet has not been decided yet.7. Please tell me _ you are waiting for.8. Is that _ you are looking for?9. Would you please tell me _ the nearest post office is?10. I dont know _ he will agree to the plan or not.三、選擇填空：1. Do you see _ I mean?A. that B./C. howD. what2. Tell me_ is on your mind.A

11、. thatB. whatC. which D. why3. We must stick to _ we have agreed on.A. whatB. thatC. /D. how4. Let me see _.A. that can I repair the radioB. whether -I can repair the radioC. I can repair the radioD. whether can I repair the radio5. Keep in mind _.A. that the teacher saidB. what did the teacher sayC

12、. that did the teacher sayD. what the teacher said6. Could you advise me _?A. which book should I read firstB. what book should I read firstC. that book 1 should read firstD. which book I should read first7. He was criticized for _.A. he had done itB. what he had done C. what had he done D. that he

13、had done it8. Would you kindly tell me _?A. how can I get to the Beijing Railway StationB. how I can get to the Beijing Railway StationC. where can I get to the Beijing Railway StationD. whether can I get to the Beijing Railway Station9. Mrs. Smith was very much impressed by _.A. what had she seen i

14、n ChinaB. that she had seen in ChinaC. what she had seen in ChinaD. which had she seen in China10. We took it for granted _A. that they were not comingB. that were they not comingC. they were coming notD. were they not coining11. I really don't know _A. I should do nextB. what should I do nextC.

15、 what I should do nextD. how I should do next12. I'm afraid _.A. the little girl will have to be operated onB. that will the little girl have to operate onC. the little girl will have to operate onD. that will the little girl have to be operated on13. She walked up to _ .A. where did I stand B.

16、where I stood C. I stood there D. where I stood there14. Can you tell me _?A. who is that gentlemanB. that gentleman is whoC. who that gentleman isD. whom .is that gentleman15. We'll give you _.A. that do you needB. what do you needC. whatever you needD. whether do you need16. They want us to kn

17、ow _ to help us.A. what can they B. what they canC. how they can D. how can they17. We must put _ into practice.A. what we have learnedB. that we have learnedC. that have we learnedD. what have we learned18. Did she say anything about _?A. that the work was to be doneB. how was the work to be doneC.

18、 that was the work to be doneD. how the work was to be done19. He was never satisfied with _.A. what she had achievedB. had what she achievedC. she had achievedD. that she achieved20. These photographs will show you _.A. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks likeC. how does our vi

19、llage look likeD. how our village looks like21. Peter insisted _ he pay the bill.A. on thatB. whatC. thatD. on which22. They urged _ the library open during the vacation. A. whenB. whereC. whyD. that23. We wish we could have learned _ when we were at high school.A. what you did B. that you had doneC

20、. that what you did D. what did you do24.1 will describe to you _ I saw when there.A. whatB. thatC. which D./25. From _ I should say he is a good worker.A. what 1 know of himB. that I do know of himC. what do I know of himD. that do I know of him26. I will give this dictionary to _ wants to have it.

21、A. whomever B. anyoneC. whoeverD. someone27._ they will come here hasn' t been decided yet.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhenD. Where28. _ was said here must be kept secret.A. Who B. The thingC. Whatever D. Where29. It is still a question _ we shall have our sports meet.A. ifB. thatC. whatD. when30. I'm

22、going anyway. _ she will go is up to her to decide.A. If or notB. Whether or notC. IfD. That31. It is strange _ she have left without saying a word.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how32. It is very clear _ our policy is a correct one.A. whatB. thatC. why D. where33. _ Mr Zhang said is quite right.A. That B.

23、WhenC. WhatD. Whether34. It has been decided _ he will be sent there.A. ifB. whether C. whyD. that35. It doesn' t matter _he' s come back or not.A. ifB. whetherC. thatD. when36. It's a great pity _ we wont be able to finish the task on time.A. when B. thatC. why D. where37. It happened _

24、 I wasn't there that day.A. when B. whyC. where D. that38._ you have done might do harm to other people.A. What B. ThatC. Which D. The things39. _ leaves the room last ought to turn oft the lights.A. Anyone B. The personC. Whoever D.Who40._ the 2000 Olympic Games won't be held in Beijing is

25、known to all.A. Whether B. IfC. Whenever D. That 41. _ fails to see this will make a big mistake.A. That B. WhoeverC. Whether D. Whether or not42. _ we need more equipment is quite obvious.A. What B. WhetherC. ThatD. Whatever43. Has it been announced _?A. when are the planes to take offB. that are t

26、he planes to take offC. where are the planes to take offD. when the planes are to take off44. That is _ we all support his idea.A. whatB. whyC. whereD. when45. Thats _ we should do.A. thatB. whatC. howD. why46. _ is troubling me is _ I dont understand _ he saidA. What; that; whatB. What; what; whatC

27、. That; that; whatD. Why; that; which47. Things were not _ they seemed to be.A. whenB. whyC. thatD. what48. Thats _ I want to say.A. all whatB. whatC. all whichD. what that49. Thats _ .A. where our differences lieB. our differences lie thereC. where do our differences lieD. that where our difference

28、s lie50. That is _ .A. where lived he thereB. where did he liveC. where he livedD. that where he lived51. The questions is _.A. whether is it worth doingB. that if it is worth doingC. whether it is worth doingD. if it is worth doing52. Water will continue to be _ it is today next in importance to ox

29、ygen.A. howB. whichC. whatD. as53. That's_.A. how did I become a teacherB. how I became a teacherC. how a teacher I becameD. that I became a teacher54. They are just _.A. that what shall I haveB. what shall I haveC. that I shall have whatD. what I shall have55. It looked _.A. as if it was going

30、to rainB. that as if it was going to rainC. as if was it going to rainD. as if that it was going to rain56. That's_.A. how she did itB. that how did she do it.C. how did she do itD. what she did it57. That is _ we decided to put the discussion off.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. why58. Thats _ I lived when I was