literary genres英語文學(xué)體裁介紹（課堂PPT）

1、.1Literary Genres文學(xué)體裁.2What is Genre?Genre - a category, in literature or other media, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.For example, science fiction and fantasy are two different genres in literature.3Why recognizing genres is important?nOn the simplest level, grouping

2、 works offers us an orderly way to talk about an otherwise bewildering number of literary texts. nMore importantly, if we recognize the genre of a text, we may also have a better idea of its intended overall structure and subject / main idea. nFinally, a genre approach can deepen our sense of the va

3、lue of any single text, by allowing us to view it comparatively, alongside many other texts of its type. .4All categories of books or stories can be called either fiction or non-fiction.Fictiona made up story can tell about things that could happenis read for fun characters may be like real people o

4、r imaginaryNon-Fictionhas facts that can be checked and proven the author is an expert on this informationit IS TRUE!.5Can you classify the following genres into two categories, namely, fiction and non-fiction?adventure, biography/autobiography, drama, essay, fable, fairy tale, fantasy, folklore, hi

5、storical fiction, horror, humor, informational, legend, mystery, mythology, narrative nonfiction, poetry, realistic fiction, romance, science fiction, short story, speech, tall tale, thriller.6AdventureDramaFableFairy TaleFantasyFolkloreHistorical FictionHorrorHumorLegendMysteryMythologyPoetryRealis

6、tic FictionRomanceScience FictionShort StoryTall TaleThrillerFiction.7Non-FictionBiography/Autobiography Essay Narrative Nonfiction Informational (science, sports, history, economy, etc.) Speech .8FictionAdventure Stories featuring physical action often around a mission usually involving killing and

7、 robbing. Many times set in forbidding locales such as jungles, deserts, or mountains. e.g. Robinson Crusoe Moby Dick.9DramaStories composed in verse or prose, usually for theatrical performance, where conflicts and emotion are expressed through dialogue and action. e.g. the four tragedies by W. Sha

8、kespeare: Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, King Lear.10FableNarration demonstrating a useful truth, especially in which animals speak as humans; legendary, supernatural tale. e.g. Aesops Fables.11Story about fairies or other magical creatures, usually for children. e.g. Fairytales written by Grimm brothers

9、 Fairytales written by Hans C. Anderson Fairy Tale.12FantasyFiction with strange or other worldly settings or characters; using magic and other supernatural phenomena as a primary element of plot, theme, and/or setting.e.g. The Lord of the Rings The Harry Potter Series Twilight The Chronicles of Nar

10、nia.13FolkloreThe songs, stories, myths, and proverbs of a people or folk as handed down by word of mouth.e.g. Robin Hood Merlin/wiki/English_folklore.14Story with fictional characters and events in a historical setting. e.g. A Tale of Two Cities The Three Musketeers Little Wom

11、en (by Louisa May Alcott, set in 1863 during the American Civil War)Historical Fiction.15HorrorFiction in which events evoke a feeling of dread in both the characters and the reader. e.g. Frankenstein by Mary Shelley Edgar Allan Poes short stories Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Lo

12、uis Stevenson The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde Dracula by Bram.16HumorFiction full of fun, fancy, and excitement, meant to entertain; but can be contained in all genres. e.g. Tom And Jerry The Ice Age.17Legend Story, sometimes of a national or folk hero, which has a basis in fact but also i

13、ncludes imaginative material.e.g. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow by Washington Irving Robin Hood King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table Helen of Troy and the Trojan War Odysseus.18Fiction dealing with the solution of a crime or the unraveling of secrets. It is often used as a synonym for detect

14、ive fiction, crime fiction or thriller. e.g. Rebecca The Day of the Jackal The Thirty-nine Steps The Collected Sherlock Holmes Short Stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Agatha Christies detective seriesMystery / Thriller.19MythologyLegend or traditional narrative, often based in part on historical eve

15、nts, that reveals human behavior and natural phenomena by its symbolism; often pertaining to the actions of the gods. e.g. The Roman Mythology The Greek Mythology.20Poetry Verse and rhythmic writing with imagery that creates emotional responses.e.g. the Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey Shake

16、speares sonnets poets: Alexander Pope, Robert Burns, Alfred Tennyson, John Donne, Ben Jonson, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Walt Whitman, William Bulter Yeats, John Keats, John Milton, Edmund Spencer, .21Story that can actually happen and is true to life. e.g. Charles Dickens Mark Twain Jane Austen Realisti

17、c Fiction.22RomanceStories featuring the mutual attraction and love of a man and a woman as the main plot, and have a happy ending. e.g. Pride and Prejudice Romeo and Juliet Jane Eyre Gone with the Wind.23Science FictionStory based on impact of actual, imagined, or potential science, usually set in

18、the future or on other planets.e.g. Jurassic Park 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne Journey to the Center of the Earth by Jules Verne The Time Machine by H. G. Wells The War of the Worlds by H. G. Wells Frankenstein by Mary Shelley I, Robot by Isaac Asimov Bicentennial Man by Isaac Asimov.

19、24Fiction of such brevity that it supports no subplots. e.g. The Thousand and One Nights (The Arabian Nights) Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer Rip van Winkle by Washington Irving The Legend of Sleepy Hollow by Washington Irving The Collected Sherlock Holmes Short Stories Fairytales written by Gr

20、imm Brothers The Gift of the Magi by OHenryShort Story.25Tall TaleHumorous story with blatant exaggerations, swaggering heroes who do the impossible with nonchalance. http:/ (A Tall Tale: John Henry).26Thriller / MysteryStory using suspense, tension, and excitement as the main elements, climaxing wh

21、en the hero finally defeats the villain, saving his own life and often the lives of others. e.g. The Count of Monte Cristo The Da Vinci Code The James Bond Series The Jason Bourne Series The Hunger Games Trilogy The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo.27Non-FictionBiography/Autobiography Narrative of a pers

22、ons life, a true story about a real person. e.g. The Story of My Life by Helen Keller The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin My Life by Bill Clinton Living History by Hillary Clinton Confessions by Jean-Jacques Rousseau .28EssayA short literary composition that reflects the authors outlook or point.

23、 e.g. Of Studies by Francis Baconhttp:/ .29Narrative Nonfiction: Factual information presented in a format which tells a story. Informational (science, sports, history, economy, etc.): Informational text dealing with an actual, real-life subject. .30Speech Public address or discourse.http:/ (video)h

24、ttp://speeches/ (text).31Martin Luther King “I have a dream”Winston Churchill “We shall fight them on the beaches”Winston Churchill “Blood Sweat and Tears”President Kennedy “Man on the moon”General MacArthur “Old soldiers never die, they just fade away”American Declaration of Indep

25、endenceEulogy to Diana Princess of WalesColonel Tim Collins “Magnanimous in Victory”Lincolns Gettysburg Address http:/ Formation: Adj. suffixes.33(n.+) -ous: full of, having e.g. dangerous: full of danger victorious: having victoryIt is such a voluminous report that I am tired of reading it.She welcomed her guests in a gracious manner.(1)Their dining room is very spacious.34e.g. foolish: being in the nature of a fool childish: having the nature of a childThey made a devilish plot to kidnap the little girl and then kill her when they got the money.H