2020中考英語被動(dòng)語態(tài)專題學(xué)習(xí)(含習(xí)題及答案)

1、被動(dòng)語態(tài)英語中只有兩種語態(tài)，一種為 主動(dòng)語態(tài)，另外一種為被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，謂語的動(dòng)作源自主表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，主語是謂語動(dòng)作的受動(dòng)方 1語，而施加于賓語漢語往往用"被""受"等被動(dòng)詞來表示 被動(dòng)意義O |漢語往往用"把"等動(dòng)詞來表示 主動(dòng)意義。直接使用動(dòng)詞原形作為謂語基本形式：be + done（在英語里，過去分詞往往表示被動(dòng)與完成。）了解基本結(jié)構(gòu)J變化規(guī)則時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)v / vs / vesbe ( am / is / are) + doneKites is flown by

2、 him.風(fēng)箏被他放一般過去時(shí)vedwas /were + doneI was invited to the meeting last night.我做完被邀請出席會(huì)議現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)be doingbe being doneA new railway is being built. 一條新鐵路正在修建。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were doingwas/ were being doneThe car was being repaired at that time.那時(shí)候這臺車止在被修。一般將來時(shí)will dowill be doneCars will be sent abroad by sea.be g

3、oing to dobe going to be doneThe room is going to be cleaned.房間將被打掃?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)has / have donehas/ have been doneHis book has been brought here.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be doneA great many letters can be written with the computer by him.主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的互換英語被動(dòng)語態(tài)A將主動(dòng)語態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)應(yīng)注意以下三個(gè)方面：將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語；將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞改為“be +d

4、one ”結(jié)構(gòu)；將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語改為介詞by之后的賓語，放在謂語動(dòng)詞之后（有時(shí)可省略）。Eg: He cleans the room.f The room is cleaned by him.B含直接賓語和間接賓語的主動(dòng)語態(tài)改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)有兩種情況：把間接賓語改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語，直接賓語仍保留原位；把直接賓語改為主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語，此時(shí)，間接賓語前要加介詞to或for。Eg:He gave the boy an applef The boy was given an apple .f An apple was given to the boy以下動(dòng)詞與介詞to搭配award, bring, giv

5、e, hand, leave, lend, mail, play, post, promise, pass, read, return, recommend（推薦）,sell, send,serve （招待）,show, sing, take, teach, tell, throw, writeEg:Her father bought her a present .fShe was bought a present by her father .f A present was bought for her by her father.）以下動(dòng)詞與介詞for搭配：boil, book, brin

6、g, build, buy, call, catch, change, choose, cook, cut, do, draw, fetch, find, fix, gather, get, keep, leavemake, order, pick, prepare, reserve （預(yù)留）,sing, saveto :C不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的主動(dòng)語態(tài)，改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)不定式前要加Eg: They watched the children sing that morning一 The children were watched to sing that morning.D帶復(fù)合賓語

7、的動(dòng)詞在改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，一般把主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語改為主語，賓語補(bǔ)足語在被動(dòng)語態(tài) 中作主語補(bǔ)足語。Eg: We call him Lee SingfHe is called Lee SingHe cut his hair short .f His hair was cut short .They told him to help me .fHe was told to help me .E短語動(dòng)詞是不可分割的整體，改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要保持其完整性，介詞或副詞不可遺漏。Eg: We must take good care of the young trees.f The young trees must

8、be taken good care of.F含有賓語從句的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，通常用 it作為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的先行主語，從句放在句子后 面；也可采用另一種形式?？梢赃@樣轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有know , say , believe , find , think ,report 等。It is said that 據(jù)說It is reported that 據(jù)報(bào)道 It is thought that 大家詼為It is believed that 有人相佶G.用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式來代替被動(dòng)，這類動(dòng)詞主要有：want/need/require/deserve +doing =want/need/r

9、equire to be doneThe house needs repairing(to be repaired). 這房子需要修理。My clothes need washing (to be washed .我的衣月艮需要洗了H.不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：1 .不及物動(dòng)詞 (vi.) 如：happen, take place, appear, disappearA traffic accident (happen) just now.2 .連系動(dòng)詞 (Link.v.) 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, becomeP

10、eking Opera (sound) beautifulI. 用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：The first chocolate (eat) people in South America hundreds of years ago. In those days, the peopledid not really eat chocolate. They used the cocoa bean to make a chocolate drink and they enjoyed it very much. Many years later, the cocoa bean (bring) to oth

11、er countries and people came to love the taste of chocolate.In 1824, John Cadbury (open) a small shop in Britain. One of the things they (sell) was chocolate drink. In 1831, he opened a factory to make chocolate drink. He wanted to encourage people to drink chocolate instead of other drinks. A few y

12、ears later, a man (call) Joseph Fry found a way to makechocolate instead of only drinking it. But at that time chocolate was very expensive and only the rich people could buy it. Later, as more and more chocolate bars (produce and sell), it became cheaper.However, at first only plain chocolate (a ki

13、nd of chocolate without milk and with very little sugar) (produce). Milk chocolate came later and this (make) by adding milk to the chocolate. The first milkchocolate bar (make) in Cadbury s factory in 1897. Their most famous chocolate, Cadbury(make) in 1905. It has been the most popular chocolate in Britain and around the world for o