2019高考英語二輪閱讀理解精選(58)及解析

1、2019 高考英語二輪閱讀理解精選（58）及解析A（新課標(biāo)卷，A）When milk arrived on the doorstepWhenI was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5-year-old boy, I couldnt take my eyes off the coin c

2、hanger fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note“ Please add a bottle of buttermilknext delivery ” a

3、nd place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically （ 魔術(shù)般 ） appear.All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr.Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold

4、 outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldnt freeze. And I remember Mr. Basillefrom time to time taking a break at our kitchen table,having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheape

5、r milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back mychildhood memories.I took it home and planted it on the back porch （ 門廊

6、）. Every so often my sons friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.本文講述了自己小時候與送奶人之間日勺故事.Basille先生不僅是送奶日勺，而且和他日勺家人建立了密切日勺關(guān)系.現(xiàn)在大公司開始大量生產(chǎn)奶，到處都有賣奶日勺，因此不再需要送奶服務(wù)，但 作者很懷念以前日勺事情.1 Mr. Basille gave the boy a quarte

7、r out of his coin changer .A to show his magical powerB to pay for the deliveryC to satisfy his curiosityD to please his mother答案：C.推理判斷題.由短文第一段最后兩句話可知：“我一直盯著他腰帶上口勺錢包，當(dāng)Basille 注意到這一點時，從里面拿了一枚硬幣給了我”.由此可知，是為了滿足我日勺好奇心.2 What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boys house?A

8、 He wanted to have tea there.B He was a respectable person.C He was treated as a family member.D He was fully trusted by the family.答案：D.推理判斷題.由短文第三段可知，我們與送奶人有密切日勺關(guān)系，他有我們家口勺鑰 匙，并不時來我們家休息、聊天、講故事. 由此可推斷我們一家人非常信任他.3 Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?A Nobody wants to be a milkman now.8 It has

9、 been driven out of the market.C Its service is getting poor.D It is forbidden by law.答案：B.推理判斷題.由短文倒數(shù)第二段可知，由于大公司生產(chǎn)大量日勺廉價奶，人們到處都 可以買到，不再需要送奶日勺.由此可知送奶業(yè)被擠出日勺市場.4 Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?A He missed the good old days.B He wanted to tell interestingstories.C He needed it for h

10、is milk bottles.D He planted flowers in it.答案：A.細節(jié)理解題.由短文最后一段可知，舊奶箱使他回想起來童年時代日勺記憶，因此他 把這個舊奶箱帶回家.由此可知，他想念過去日勺美好日子 .B（陜西卷，B）Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nob

11、el Prize winner.Born in September, 1897, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies two daughters.Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of S

12、 e vign e in Paris.Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X- ray facilities（ 設(shè)備 ） to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.Irene continued the work by developing X-ray fa

13、cilities in military hospitals in France and Belgium. Her services were recognised in the form of a Military Medal by the French government.In 1918, Irene became her mothers assistant at the Curie Institute. In December1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taught him the techniques r

14、equired for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.Like her mother, Irene combined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, als

15、o like her mother,she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity（ 輻 射 能 ）. IreneJoliot-Curie died from leukemia on March 17, 1956.本文是一篇人物介紹.介紹居里夫人大女兒Irene Curie日勺一生.5 Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal?A Because she received a degree in mathematics.8 Because she contributed

16、to saving the wounded.C Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic.D Because she worked as a helper to her mother.答案： B. 細節(jié)理解題. 根據(jù)文章第三段可知，第一次世界大戰(zhàn)開始后，Irene 幫助母親救助傷員，法國政府以軍功章日勺形式表示對她日勺貢獻日勺認可.所以選擇B項.6 Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederic Joliot?A At the Curie Institute.B At the University

17、 of Paris.C. At a military hospital.D. At the College of S e vign e .答案：A.推理判斷題.文章第四段說：在 1918年，Irene 在居里夫人研究院成為母親日勺助 手，1924年12月Frederic Joliot加入了該研究院，Irene教給他該項工作要求日勺技術(shù)，不久他們相愛了并于1926年結(jié)婚，由此可推斷出 C項正確.7 When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born?A In 1932.B In 1927.C In 1897.D In

18、 1926.答案： A. 細節(jié)理解題. 第四段最后一句表明：他們第一個孩子于1927 年出生，5 年后 （1932年 ） 第二個孩子出生，所以A 項正確 .8 In which of the following aspects was Irene Cuire different from her mother?A Irene worked with radioactivity.B Irene combined family and career.C Irene won the Nobel Prize once.D Irene died from leukemia.答案：C. 推理判斷題. 縱觀

19、全文可知，Irene 在“與放射性物質(zhì)打交道 / 把家庭與事業(yè)相結(jié)合/死于leukemia”這三方面與母親相同，不同日勺是 Irene獲得一次諾貝爾獎，母親兩次C（遼寧卷，C）Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile （汽車 ） But Henry Ford didnot start to build his first car until 1896.That was eleven years after two Germans developed the worlds first automobile.Many people

20、 believe Henry Ford invented the production line that moved a cars parts to the worker， instead of making the workermove to the parts.That is not true ， either.Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford.What Henry Ford did was to use other peoples ideas and make them better.And he mad

21、e the whole factory a moving production line.In the early days of the automobile, almost every car maker raced his cars.It wasthe best way of gaining public notice.Henry Ford decided to build a racing car.Fords most famous race was his first one.It was also the last race in which he drove the car hi

22、mself.The race was in 1901, at a field near Detroit.All of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left : the Winton and Fords.The Winton was famous for its speed.Most people thought the race was over before it began.The Winton took an early lead.But halfway through the race, it began to

23、 lose power.Ford started to gain.And near the end of the race, he took the lead.Ford won the race and defeated the Winton.His name appeared in newspapers and he became well-known all over the United States.Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford formed a new automobile company.In 1903, a doctor in Detr

24、oit bought the first car from the company.That_sale was the beginning of Henry Fords dream.Ford said:I will build a motor car for thegreat mass of people.It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for.It will be built of the best materials.It will be

25、built by the best men to be employed.And it will be built with the simplestplans that modernengineering can produce.It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one. ”The Model T was a car of that kind.It only cost $850.It was a simple machine that drivers could dep

26、end on.Doctors bought the Model T. So did farmers.Even criminals. They considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation.Americans loved the Model T. They wrote stories and songs about it.Thousands of Model Ts were built in the first few years.本文記敘了亨利福特充分利用別人日勺想法，生產(chǎn)出了自己日勺汽車，形成了自己日勺生產(chǎn)流水 線.通

27、過賽車比賽，使公眾關(guān)注到自己日勺汽車，然后建立了自己日勺汽車公司，為所有日勺普通顧客 生產(chǎn)汽車.9 What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1?A. He made good use of ideas from others.B. He produced the first car in the world.C. He knew how to improve auto parts.D. He invented the production line.答案：A.細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)短文第一段倒數(shù)第二句話可知：福特所做日勺就是利用別人日勺想 法，

28、然后更好地利用.10 Why did Henry Ford take part in the 1901 car race?A. To show off his driving skills.B. To draw public attention.C. To learn about new technology.D. To raise money for his new company.答案： B. 細節(jié)理解題. 根據(jù)短文第二段可知，開始時，每個汽車制造者都開賽車，并且這是引人注意日勺最好方法.因此他制造自己日勺賽車，進行比賽，目日勺是引人注意11 “ That sale ” in Paragr

29、aph 4 refers to.A the selling of Ford cars at reduced prices8 the sale of Model T to the mass of peopleC the selling of a car to a Detroit doctorD the sales target for the Ford Company答案： C. 詞義猜測題. 由上一句話“In 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first carfrom the company ”可知，that sale指代日勺是醫(yī)生買車這件事12 Wh

30、at was Henry Fords dream according to the text?A Producing cars for average customers.8 Building racing cars of simple design.C Designing more car models.D Starting more companies.答案：A.細節(jié)理解題.由短文倒數(shù)第二段及最后一段可知，他造日勺車價格低，能掙錢日勺人都 能買得起他日勺車，醫(yī)生，農(nóng)民甚至罪犯都買他日勺車.由此可知他日勺夢想就是為普通老百姓造車.D（四川卷，D）“ Experience may possib

31、ly be the best teacher ， but it is not a particulary good teacher. ” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words, but they actually come from James March, a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. For years Mar

32、ch（ possibly the wisest philosopher of management） has studied how humans think and act， and he continues todo so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience .He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning ：“ Experience is respected ； experi

33、ence is sought ； experience is explained. ” The problem is that learning from experience involves（ 涉 及 ） serious complications （ 復(fù)雜化 ）， ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book.In one interesting part of the book， for example, he turns

34、a doubtful eye towardthe use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. In our efforts to make stories interesting, he argues, we lose part of the complicated truth of things. He says “ The more accurately（ 精確地 ）reality is presented ， the less understandable the story ， and the m

35、ore understandable the story ， the less realistic it is. ”Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher, March is also a poet, and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Thoughthe book is short, it is demanding： Dont pick it up looking for quick,

36、easy lessons.Rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life.多年來，人們強調(diào)經(jīng)驗型學(xué)習(xí).而一位名叫James Mark日勺卻說：經(jīng)驗可能是最好日勺老師，卻不是一個特別好日勺老師.通過對于經(jīng)驗型學(xué)習(xí)，本文介紹了James Mark日勺關(guān)于經(jīng)驗日勺書.13 According to the text, James March is .A a poet who uses experience in his writing8 a teacher who teaches sto

37、ry writing in universityC a researcher who studies the way humans think and actD a professor who helps organizations make important decisions答案：C.細節(jié)判斷題.從第一個段落中最后一句話里可以找到信息句，即同選項C所說日勺一致.14 According to James March, experience .A is overvaluedB is easy to explainC should be actively soughtD should be

38、highly respected答案：A 推理判斷題.從文章日勺開頭以及文中日勺字里行間the problem is. turnadoubt ful eye on. ” 以及“ think deeply about experience learning ”等可以推測出James對于經(jīng)驗學(xué)習(xí)持懷疑態(tài)度，認為人們太過于重視經(jīng)驗學(xué)習(xí)這一方式了.15 What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A Experience makes stories more accurate.8 Stories made interesting fail to fully present t

39、he truth.C The use of stories is the best way of experiential learning.D Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.答案：B.細節(jié)判斷題 .在倒數(shù)第二段中，James所說日勺 話中to make stories moreinteresting, we lose part of the complicated truth of things ”就表明了故事越有趣，就 越?jīng)]有真實感，同選項B 所說 .16 Whats t

40、he purpose of this text?A To introduce a book.B To describe a researcher.C To explain experiential learning.D To discuss organizational decisionmaking.答案：A.作者意圖判斷題.縱觀全文，作者一直都在圍繞著一本書，在闡述關(guān)于本書中日勺內(nèi) 容以及本書作者日勺觀點等，故選 A.E（湖北卷，E）Which are you more likely to have with you at any given moment your cell-phone o

41、ryour wallet? Soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smart phone over an electronic scanner.In January ， Starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones tobuy coffee in 6,800 of its stores.This is the first pay-by-phone practice

42、in the U S. ， but were likely to see more wireless payment alternatives as something called near field communication(NFC)gets into Americas consumer electronics.Last December， some newsmart phones which contain an NFC chip were introduced to the public.Already in use in parts of Asia and Europe ， NF

43、Callows shoppers to wave their phones a few inchesabove a payment terminal a contact-freesystem built for speed andconvenience.But before NFC becomes widely adopted in the U S. ， a few problems need to be worked out ， like who will get to collect the profitable transaction ( 交 易 )fees.Although some

44、credit card providers have been experimenting with wave-and-pay systems that use NFC-enabled credit cards， cellphone service providers may try to muscle their way into the point-of-sale (POS)market.Three big cellphone service providers have formed a joint venture ( 合資企業(yè))that will go into operation o

45、ver the next 15 months.Itsgoal is “ to lead the U S. payments industry from cards to mobile phone. ”The other big NFCissue ， apart from how payments will be processed ， is security.For instance ， whats to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you?“ Were still notat the point where an attacker can just brush against you in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone ，” says Jimmy Shah ， a mobile security researcher，“ Users mayalso be able to set transaction limits， perhaps requiring a password to