語(yǔ)法突破5---8

1、2、選用“have, has, had, there is, there are, there was, there were”填空。1) I a good father and a good mother. 2) a telescope on the desk. 3) He a tape-recorder. 4) a basketball in the playground. 5) They a nice garden. 6) My father a story-book last year. 7) a reading-room in the building? 8) What does M

2、ike ? 9) any books in the bookcase? 10) How many students in the classroom? 11) a story-book on the table a moment ago. 12) What do you ?13) My parents some nice pictures. 14) some maps on the wall. 15) a map of the world on the wall. 16) Davids friends some tents. 17) many children on the hill. 九、s

3、ome，any的用法some用于肯定句；any用于否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句。請(qǐng)注意看例句后擴(kuò)號(hào)中說(shuō)明的用法。例：There is some water in the glass. （肯定句） There are some flowers in the garden. （肯定句）There arent any lamps in the study.（否定句） Are there any maps on the wall?（一般疑問(wèn)句）Would you like some orange juice? （希望得到肯定回答）Do you want to take any photos at the par

4、ty? （一般疑問(wèn)句）練一練：選用some或any填空。1) There isnt milk in the fridge. 2) I can see cars, but I cant see buses.3) He has friends in England. 4) Were there fruit trees on the farm?5) -Would you like cakes? -No, Id not like cakes, but Id like coffee.6) Does Tom want to take photos? 7) Is there rice in the kitc

5、hen?8) There are new buildings in our school. 9) Here are presents for you.10) -Are there pictures on the wall? -No, there arent pictures.十、動(dòng)詞不定式1、to加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成一種非謂語(yǔ)形式，在這里不是介詞，無(wú)詞義。如：I want to make a New Year card. 我想制作一張新年賀卡。 Would you like to have a picnic with us? 你愿意和我們一起去野餐嗎？2、to保留原來(lái)動(dòng)詞的一些特征，它可以帶自己的賓

6、語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等。如：To get there faster, you can take bus No.5. 想快一點(diǎn)到那兒，你可以坐5路車(chē)。3、to前有時(shí)帶疑問(wèn)詞what, when, where, which, why, how等。如：Hes asking Yang Ling how to get there. 他正在問(wèn)楊玲怎樣到達(dá)那里?？偠灾欢ㄒ涀。簍o后面用動(dòng)詞原形。練一練： 1、用擴(kuò)號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1) People would like ( go ) to farms in the countryside.2) Its time ( have ) lunch. 3)

7、I want ( buy ) some presents for my friends.4) Please shouw me how ( go ) to the shopping centre. 5) The thief began ( run ).6) Would you like ( join ) us? 7) Dont forget ( write ) “Happy New Year”.8) She was very glad ( see ) them. 9) Im sorry ( hear ) that.10) Please remember ( close ) the windows

8、 before you go home.2、圈出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤，并改正。1) Would you like go camping with us? 3) Helen, show ux how drawing a square. 4) I want to writes a letter to my penfriend. 2) Its time for us go to school. 5) Liu Tao wants to showing Peters photos to his mum. 十一、動(dòng)名詞其實(shí)就是動(dòng)詞的“現(xiàn)在分詞”。它既有“名詞性質(zhì)”（可作主語(yǔ)），又具有動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)（可帶賓語(yǔ)）。如：

9、Please keep quiet in the reading room. 還有我們的一些課題：Asking the way中是“名詞性質(zhì)”；My hobby is collecting stamps.中是“動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)”，帶了賓語(yǔ)stamps. 1、remember（記住）后面跟動(dòng)名詞，表示“記得做過(guò)某事”；跟to+動(dòng)詞原形，表示“記得要去做某事”。如：I remember posting the letter today. 我記得今天把信寄走了。Please remember to post the letter today. 請(qǐng)記住今天要把信寄走。2、forget（忘記）后面跟動(dòng)名詞，表示

10、“忘記做過(guò)某事（實(shí)際做過(guò)）”；跟to+動(dòng)詞原形，表示“忘記去做某事（實(shí)際沒(méi)做）”。如：I forget doing homework this morning. 我忘記今天早上做過(guò)作業(yè)了。I forget to do homework this morning. 我忘記今天早上做作業(yè)了。 3、stop（停止）后面跟動(dòng)名詞，表示“停止做某事”；跟to+動(dòng)詞原形，表示“停止正在做的事，而去做別的事”。如：Stop smoking, please. 請(qǐng)不要吸煙。We are tired. Lets stop to have a rest. 我們累了，讓我們停下來(lái)休息一下。4、like（喜歡）后面跟動(dòng)

11、名詞，表示一個(gè)人的愛(ài)好和習(xí)慣，意思是“喜歡干某事”；跟to+動(dòng)詞原形，常用于would like to do something，表示“某人想要、愿意干某事”。如：I like taking a walk after supper every day. 我喜歡每天晚飯后去散步。I would like to have some chips. 我想要吃些薯?xiàng)l。練一練：1、用擴(kuò)號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1) ( swim ) is not as fast as running. 2) Its sunny today. Lets go ( fish ).3) Do you like ( read

12、) English in the morning? 4) Are you good at ( dance )?5) Where is the ( shop ) centre? 6) Would you like to go ( jog ) with me?7) My hobby is ( play ) football. 8) Su Hai likes ( watch ) cartoons on Sundays.2、選擇擴(kuò)號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1) Im sorry ( hearing, to hear ) that. 2) Jim is good at ( swimming, to swi

13、m ).3) Shall we go ( skating, to skate )? 4) Today, my work is ( looking, to look ) after the baby.5) Im going ( flying, to fly ) a kite in the playground.6) I like ( playing, to play ) basketball after school.7) Would you like ( going, to go ) to the Great Wall?8) Jim is asking Liu Tao how ( gettin

14、g, to get ) to the History Museum.十二、時(shí)間和日期的表達(dá)1、有兩種時(shí)間表達(dá)法：A）直接讀寫(xiě)數(shù)詞。如：9:15 nine fifteen 10:30 ten thirty 11:45 eleven forty-five 7:05 seven o five 2:25 two twenty-five 5:55 five fifty-fiveB）借助past和to來(lái)表達(dá)。past一般用于30分鐘以?xún)?nèi)（含30分鐘）的時(shí)間表達(dá)；to一般用于超過(guò)30分鐘的時(shí)間表達(dá)。一刻鐘可以用a quarter表示，半小時(shí)可以用half表示。如：9:15 a quarter past ni

15、ne 10:30 half past ten 11:45 a quarter to twelve 7:05 five past seven 2:25 twenty-five past two 5:55 five to six注意：詢(xún)問(wèn)時(shí)間可用句型“Whats the time?”或者“What time is it?”。2、日期的表達(dá)：the+序數(shù)詞+of+月份。如：the third of June六月三日 注意：詢(xún)問(wèn)日期可用句型“What date is it today?”或者“Whats the date today?”。練一練：1、用兩種方法表達(dá)下列時(shí)間。6:45 1:58 9:05

16、 3:22 5:50 8:30 2、用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)下列日期。五月一日 九月十日 三月八日 四月五日 七月九日 八月三日 一月十五日 六月二日 十二月二十五日 3、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。1) -Whats the time? -Its eleven forty-five. - is it? -Its .2) Its seven o five. Its time for breakfast. Its . Its time .3) -Whats the date today? -Its 1st October. - is it today? -Its .十三、名詞所有格1、有生命的名詞所有格：A）單數(shù)后

17、加“ s ”，如：Su Hais twin sister蘇海的雙胞胎妹妹 Jims family吉姆的一家B）以“ s ”結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，只需加“ ”，如：Teachers Day教師節(jié) the twins parentsC）不以“ s ”結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，則仍需加“ s ”，如：Childrens Day兒童節(jié)注意：表示兩人或幾人共有的物品，只需在最后一人名后加“ s ”，如：Ben and Jims book2、無(wú)生命的名詞所有格，一般與“ of ”構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)。如：a photo of his family 他家的一張照片 the colour of her skirt 她的短裙的顏色練一練：

18、翻譯下列詞組：大衛(wèi)的叔叔 我妹妹的郵票 婦女節(jié) 老師們的辦公室 他筆友的信 這本書(shū)的名字 雙胞胎的書(shū)房 孩子們的愛(ài)好 郵局的大門(mén) 十四、句子的種類(lèi)類(lèi)別例句用法標(biāo)點(diǎn)陳述句肯定This is a bag. I like spring.描述一件事情或者說(shuō)明說(shuō)話人的看法.類(lèi)別例句用法標(biāo)點(diǎn)陳述句否定I cant see a bag over there. I don't know.描述一件事情或者說(shuō)明說(shuō)話人的看法.疑問(wèn)句一般Are you a student? Do you like puppets?Can you speak English?用于提出問(wèn)題?特殊when什么時(shí)間；who誰(shuí)；who

19、se誰(shuí)的；where在哪里；which哪一個(gè)；why為什么；what什么；what time什么時(shí)間；what colour什么顏色；what about怎么樣；what day星期幾；what date什么日期；what for為何目的；how怎樣；how old多大歲數(shù)；how many數(shù)量多少；how much多少錢(qián)；how about怎么樣；how far多遠(yuǎn)選擇Is your friend a boy or a girl?反意Its a fine day, isnt it?祁使句肯定Put it here.表示命令、建議或請(qǐng)求.或！否定Dont look at the noticeb

20、oard.感嘆句How smart the scarf is! What a smart scarf!How smart the scarves are! What smart scarves!表示驚訝、喜悅、贊美、厭惡或憤怒等強(qiáng)烈感情?練一練： 1、填入適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡?wèn)詞。1) wallet is it? Its mine. 2) is the Christmas Day? Its on the 25th of December.3) is the diary? Its under the chair. 4) is the boy in blue? Hes Mike.5) are the earp

21、hones? They are 25 yuan. 6) is the hair dryer? Its blue.7) is it today? Its Sunday. 8) was it yesterday? It was the 13th of October.9) this red one? Its beautiful. 10) is it from here? Its about 2 kilometres away.11) A: Can I have some paper and some crayons? B: ? A: I want to make a kite.12) is you

22、r cousin? Hes 15years old. 13) do you have dinner? At 6 oclock.14) one is fatter, the blue one or the red one? The blue one.2、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。1) I can see eight rubbers in the box. can see in th box?2) My father is fine today. your father today?3) Liu Tao is playing football in the playground. Liu Tao in th

23、e playground?4) The films were on the ground. the films?5) The girl with big eyes is my sisters friend. sisters friend?6) My birthday is on the 9th of September. your birthday?7) Id like a nice cake for breakfast. like for breakfast?8) Thats Nancys skirt. is that?3、按要求改寫(xiě)句子。1) Its a book.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句） it

24、 a ?2) My father is in the study.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)） is father?3) do you watch TV every Sunday?（做肯定回答） , I .4) This picture is beautiful.（改為以what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句） What picture!5) Open the door for him.（改為否定句） open for !6) I have a big present.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)） do you ?肯定句否定句一般疑問(wèn)句及回答He is running now.He isnt running now.-Is he

25、running now?-Yes, he is. / No, he isnt.They are making a puppet.They arent making a puppet.-Are they making a puppet?-Yes, they are. / No, they arent.7) There are some orange trees.（改為單數(shù)句子） There orange .8) we are going to see a Beijing opera.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)） What you do?9) He has some questions.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句）

26、he questions?10) They visited their relatives and friends last Spring Festival.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句） they their relatives and friends ?十五、時(shí)態(tài)小學(xué)階段有：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)。1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)A、當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)是be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，構(gòu)成為：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞( am, is, are )+其他。如：I am a student.B、當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)是行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，構(gòu)成有兩種：（1）主語(yǔ)（非第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞原形+其他。如：We often watch TV at the weekends

27、.（2）主語(yǔ)（第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式+其他。如：Jim usually goes to the park on Sundays.C、句型變換：肯定句否定句一般疑問(wèn)句及回答They watch TV at six everyday.They dont watch TV at six everyday.-Do they watch TV at six everyday. -Yes, they do. / No, they dont.She watches TV at six everyday.She doesnt watch TV at six everyday.-Does she

28、watch TV at six everyday.-Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.練一練：A、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1) He often ( have ) dinner at home. 2) Daniel and Tommy ( be ) in Class One. 3) We ( not watch ) TV on Monday. 4) Nick ( not go ) to the zoo on Sunday. 5) they ( like ) the World Cup? 6) There ( be ) some water in the bo

29、ttle. 7) your parents ( read ) newspapers every day? 8) Mike ( like ) cooking. 9) You always ( do ) your homework well. 10) They ( have ) the same hobby.11) My aunt ( look ) after her baby carefully. 12) Liu Tao ( do ) not like PE. 13) She and I ( take ) a walk together every evening. B、按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句子，每空一詞

30、。1) Tom likes playing basketball with his friends. （改成否定句）Tom playing basketball with his friends.2) Davids parents often take a walk after supper. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作出否定回答） - Davids parents often a walk after supper? -No, .3) They usually watch TV. （對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)） they usually .4) She is always a good student. （改

31、為一般疑問(wèn)句并作出肯定回答） - always a student? - , .5) Simon and Daniel like going skating. （改為否定句） Simon and Daniel going .2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)A、構(gòu)成形式：主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的ing形式+其他。B、判斷依據(jù)：句中往往有now、look、listen等詞。注意：千萬(wàn)不要忘了一定得有be動(dòng)詞。C、句型變換：練一練：A、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。 1) The boy ( draw ) a picture now. 2) What you ( do ) now? 3) Listen. Some gir

32、ls ( sing ) in the classroom. 4) My mother ( cook ) some nice food now. 5) Look. They ( have ) an English lesson. 6) They ( not water ) the flowers now. 7) Look! the girls ( dance )in the classroom . 8) What is our granddaughter doing? She ( listen ) to music. 9) Helen ( wash )clothes? Yes, she is .

33、 B、根據(jù)中文，完成句子，每空一詞。1) 劉濤的父親正在澆花。Liu Taos father is .2) 看，孩子們正在操場(chǎng)上踢足球。Look! The children in the playground.3) 她正在公園里散步嗎？是的。- she a walk in the park? -Yes, she .4) Jack正在哪讀書(shū)？在他書(shū)房。- Jack the book now? -He is .3、一般過(guò)去時(shí)A、構(gòu)成形式：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+其他。 注意：沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，用didnt否定和用did提問(wèn)后，動(dòng)詞一定要用原形。B、判斷依據(jù)：（1）be動(dòng)詞是was、wer

34、e；（2）動(dòng)詞加ed；（3）有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在學(xué)過(guò)的常用的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：just now，a moment，yesterday，last week，last night，last weekend，last year，last month，three days ago，two weeks ago，five years agoC、句型變換：肯定句否定句一般疑問(wèn)句及回答I was a teacher five years ago.I wasnt a teacher five years ago.-Were you a teacher five years ago?-Yes, I wa

35、s. / No, I wasnt.They played many games yesterday.They didnt play many games yesterday.Did they play many games yesterday?Yes, they did. / No, they didnt.練一練：A、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1) It ( be ) Bens birthday last Friday. 2) We all ( have ) a good time last night.3) He ( jump ) high on last Sports Day. 4) Hel

36、en ( milk ) a cow on Friday. 5) She likes newspapers, but she a book yesterday. ( read ) 6) He football now, but they basketball just now. ( play ) 7) Jims mother ( plant ) trees just now. 8) they ( sweep ) the floor on Sunday? No, they . 9) I ( watch ) a cartoon on Monday. 10) We ( go ) to school o

37、n Sunday. B、按要求改寫(xiě)句子。1) My father came to the shop just now.（改為否定句）My father to the shop just now.2) I watched TV last night.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作否定回答） - you TV last ? - , .3) Their teacher told them a story yesterday.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)） their teacher them yesterday?4) They were on the farm last Saturday.（改為否定句）They on

38、the farm last Saturday.5) David and Liu Tao did their homework together a moment ago.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句） David and Liu Tao homework together .4、一般將來(lái)時(shí)A、構(gòu)成形式：（1）主語(yǔ)+be going to+動(dòng)詞原形+其他。（2）主語(yǔ)+will+動(dòng)詞原形+其他。B、判斷依據(jù)：一個(gè)句子中既有be動(dòng)詞，又有g(shù)oing、to和動(dòng)詞，且動(dòng)詞用的是原形，句中往往有tomorrow、soon、next week等詞。C、句型變換：肯定句否定句一般疑問(wèn)句及回答She is going to

39、 have a picnic tomorrow.She isnt going to have a picnic tomorrow.-Is she going to have a picnic tomorrow?-Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.They are going to visit their grandparents next Sunday.They arent going to visit their grandparents next Sunday.-Are they going to visit their grand parents next Sund

40、ay? -Yes, they are. / No, they arent. 注意：-Where are you going? -Were going to Beijing. 問(wèn)句中不要用到to。練一練： A、根據(jù)中文，完成句子，每空一詞。1）我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I have a picnic with my friends. 或者：I have a picnic with my friends. 2）下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。 -What next Monday? -I play basketball. 或者：-What you do next Monday? -I play basketball. 3）你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買(mǎi)一些水果。 - your mother go shopping this ? -Yes, she . She buy some fruit. 4.）你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面？What time you meet? B、改寫(xiě)句子。1）Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定句） Nancy going to go camping. 2）Ill go and join them.（改否定句） I go join them. 3）Im going to ge