作品集制作流程參考模板

1、          I have talked about portfolio setup in the past but not specifically the workflow. I dont hide the fact that I prefer to build my layouts in Photoshop. It's what I'm most comfortable with but also what gives me the most flexibility to blend i

2、mages into one another and really experiment with layouts. I have seen others create their portfolios in Illustrator and InDesign which works too. I have implemented InDesign into my workflow, but as a management tool and not so much as a design tool. InDesign acts as a master file that houses all o

3、f my text and organizes all of my PSD files in one place. This means I can quickly comb through many pages at once to study the flow of the story and transition of graphics. It's very easy to get caught up focusing on each spread as its own entity. InDesign allows me to see the document as a who

4、le and creates a malleable environment to easily move pages around and make quick edits to text. Below, I outline the workflow that I used to create my latest portfolio and prepare it for printing.    我曾講過作品集的制作，但沒有詳細的工作流程。事實上，我更喜歡用Photoshop（PS)排版，因為我很熟悉PS，可以很靈活地處理圖像或嘗試各種排版，雖然我也看到過別人在Illus

5、trator（AI)或Indegign（ID）中創(chuàng)建作品集。我的工作流程中也需要用到ID，但只是作為一個管理工具,而非設計工具。我把所有的文本和PSD文件導入到一個ID主文件中，可以對頁面進行快速編排和編輯。這意味著我可以快速梳理許多頁面，來研究作品集敘事邏輯與圖形繪制的整體性，同時很方便地處理每個跨頁自身的完整性。下面是我用來制作即將打印的最新作品集的工作流程。1. Determine how the document will be printed        The process begins with deciding w

6、here and how I will print the portfolio. For this example, I will be focusing on online printing since this is the easiest and most accessible option for most people. Knowing how you will print the portfolio will inform certain specifications and sizes to be used. For example, blurb only offers a fe

7、w sizes that will work for my portfolio and the proportions are quite different from my standard 6"x9” size that I have used in past portfolios. Therefore, I want to keep this in mind when designing my new portfolio because the size significantly affects the grid proportions and layout. However

8、, Blurb also provides an InDesign plugin that sets up the file for bleeds, setbacks, and other pertinent document settings. This helps minimize any formatting issues when its time to upload the final portfolio design.2 / 191.確定作品集打印的尺寸規(guī)格   （譯者注：原作者使用在線打印，有尺寸限制。實體打印店打印無此顧慮，符合申請單位或?qū)W校的作品集規(guī)格要求

9、便可。）   這一過程始于打印作品集的地點與方式。對于我這個作品集，我選擇了在線打印，因為對大多數(shù)人來說這是最簡單和最容易的選擇。了解在線打印提供的尺寸要求，才能決定適用的作品集規(guī)格。例如，blurb （在線打印商）只提供了幾種打印尺寸，并不符合我以往制作作品集的6英寸乘9英寸標準大小與比例。因此，這次我就記住了使用他們提供的打印規(guī)格，因為頁面大小將顯著影響作品集的網(wǎng)格比例和排版布局。blurb還提供了一個ID插件,設置文件出血、留白和其他相關(guān)文件的設置，這有助于簡化化作品集的各種打印格式調(diào)整。2. Photoshop Template    

10、    Once I determine where the printing will be done, I next set up a Photoshop template. This template is meant to mirror the InDesign document template exactly. Therefore, I will be using the exact same bleed settings and setback guides. Below is how I set things up in Photoshop:2.制

11、作Photoshop模板   一旦我確定作品集的打印規(guī)格，我下一步就會建立一個Photoshop模板。這個模板需要與ID設置的打印規(guī)格相符合，因此需要設置同樣的出血設置和留白設置。下面是我如何在Photoshop中進行設置:2A. Initial Page Size:        The individual page size will be 8” tall by 9.5” wide. This is the final cut size given to me by the online printing c

12、ompany. This means when you open the portfolio and look at the spreads, they will be 8” tall and 19” wide. Since I like to design by the spread and not by individual pages, I am going to set my Photoshop template to the 8”x19” size. I am also going to set the resolution to 300 dpi (dots per inch) an

13、d set the color mode to “CMYK Color”. The image below shows the setting I used when starting a new document. To make changes to the page size and resolution, go to “Image>Image Size.”2.1.頁面大小   （譯者注：本文中將pages翻譯為“單頁”，而spreads翻譯為“跨頁”即書本展開平放的兩面為一個跨頁，印刷術(shù)語有各種翻譯，譯者習慣叫單頁與跨頁。）   單頁大小設

14、置為8英寸高9.5英寸寬，這是我將提交給在線印刷公司的尺寸，也是印刷品最終的裁切尺寸。這表示，當你展開作品集，將看到8英寸高和19英寸寬的跨頁。因為我喜歡以跨頁為模板來設計，而不是單頁，所以我將把Photoshop模板大小設置為 8英寸乘19英寸，分辨率設置為300 dpi(每英寸點數(shù))，顏色模式設置為“CMYK顏色”。下圖顯示了我開始一個新文檔時使用的設置，若要更改頁面尺寸和分辨率，去“圖像>圖像大小”。2B. Image Bleed:        My portfolio has images and colors str

15、etching all the way to the page edges, so I need to add a bleed to my template. The standard bleed dimension is 1/8” on all sides. Some printers may require something different so it is important to confirm this dimension with them before setting up the template. To add the 1/8” bleed space, select

16、“Image>Canvas Size”. First double check that the anchor is in the center, and then increase the width and height by 1/4.” Obviously, the extra 1/8” could be added when setting up the initial page size, but I wanted to show how to add the bleed after the document has been created.2.2.出血邊 

17、60;（譯者注：出血邊是裁切紙張時邊緣的損耗，有些標準紙張A4、A3等不需要裁切可以不設置出血， 需要裁切則一定要在制作初期就設置好出血，后期再加會影響內(nèi)容大小，即使很微小。譯者自己第一次打印作品集就沒做出血，打出來就哭了。）   我的作品集圖片和顏色一直延伸到頁面邊緣，所以需要添加一個出血線設置。標準的出血線尺寸是1/8英寸（國內(nèi)尺寸一般為三個毫），有些打印機可能需要不同的尺寸。重要的是要在Photoshop模板中也擴邊出血線。選擇“圖像>畫布大小，添加1/8英寸的出血邊。調(diào)成四邊擴大，然后增加1/4英寸的寬度和高度。當然出血邊在最初設置頁面大小的時候就可以包括進去

18、，這里只是展示如何在文檔創(chuàng)建后添加出血邊。2C. Setup Guides:        Once the size of the canvas is set, I insert the guides. I want to mark the locations of the cut line, text setback, and the fold. To do this, you must first turn on your rulers by going to “View>Rulers”. With the rulers

19、on, select the "Move Tool" and simply drag guides from the rulers to the locations you need them. You can precisely place guides by choosing “View>Add Guides”. You can also lock the guides by choosing “View>Lock Guides”. The image below shows the state of my template at this point.2.

20、3.參考線   （譯者注：PS默認的參考線很難設置精確尺寸，推薦使用“guideguide”插件。兩邊留白一樣而無裝訂邊，將導致太靠近書脊的內(nèi)容很難閱讀，當然蝴蝶精裝或騎馬釘?shù)妊b訂方式不存在這個問題。）   一旦設置完畫布的大小,我就會添加參考線，用來標記裁切線、文本留白和裝訂留白。先打開“視圖>標尺”，選擇“移動工具”，直接在標尺上拖移出參考線到需要的位置?？梢栽凇耙晥D>新建參考線”中設置精確的尺寸，用“視圖>鎖定參考線”來鎖定參考線。下圖顯示了我設置的參考線模板。3. InDesign Document Setup  &#

21、160;     I want the InDesign template to be identical in size to the Photoshop template. This allows me to easily place the PSD files directly into InDesign without any alignment issues.3.設置ID文件   設置與Photoshop模板相同的大小的InDesign模板，這可以輕松地將PSD文件直接導入到InDesign而沒有對齊的問題。3A. Init

22、ial Page Setup:        Before setting up the InDesign Template, first look to see if the online printer has provided any online resources. For example, Blurb offers a plugin that generates a template for you. However, in some cases, a template will need to be created fr

23、om scratch which I outline below.Go to “File>New>Document.” In the new document dialogue box, make sure “Facing Pages” is checked. This will allow you to create spreads instead of individual pages. Also, estimate how many pages your portfolio will be and insert that number into “Number of page

24、s”. The number of pages does not have to be exact and can be changed as the document is developed.        Change the width and height to the final “Cut” size of a single page. In my case I want it to be 9.5” wide by 8” high. InDesign defaults to picas, not inches which

25、is the unit I want to use. A little tip when setting the width and height is type what you want in inches and follow the number with “in” such as “8.5in”. InDesign will give you that dimension in picas. You can also change the units by going to “Preferences>Units and Increments” and change the ru

26、ler units to inches for both the horizontal and vertical.        I set my margins to 0.25” except for the inside margin which is set to 0.5”. The margins act as a barrier by which important text and images stay within. However, images and graphics can extend outside of

27、this line and should continue all the way to the bleed edge. Different size margins are okay to use but I wouldn't suggest going less than 0.25”. You will want a larger margin in the inside edge to account for binding.        Finally, I set the bleed to 0.125” (1/8”

28、) for all four sides.        Choose “Ok” to complete the setup.3.1.頁面設置   （譯者注：制作文本與單頁打印的邊距差別很大，制作A1大圖的時候幾乎不會考慮邊距，但作品邊距很重要，影響到排版與最終的閱讀效果。原作者推薦的6個毫邊距譯者覺得不夠，A4左右的頁面至少一個厘，可以參照一些畫冊類雜志的邊距感受一下一個厘其實也很少。譯者就是沒設置邊距打出來神坑，閱讀起來很不舒服。）   設置模板之前，首先看在線打印商是否提供了任何在線資源。

29、例如，blurb提供了一個插件，為您生成一個模板。然而，一般情況模板都需要從頭開始創(chuàng)建的。   “文件 >新建 >文檔”在新建文檔對話框中，勾選“對頁”檢查。這將允許您創(chuàng)建跨頁而不是單頁。同時，估計你的作品集有多少頁插入“頁數(shù)”，不用很精確之后也可以增減。   改變寬度和高度，在我的例子中我想要高9.5英寸寬8英寸。默認單位為像素，可以在“首選項>單位和增量”中更改。   邊距設置為0.25英寸除了內(nèi)部邊距因為裝訂留白設置為0.5英寸。主要內(nèi)容的文本和圖像應控制在邊距線內(nèi)以保證最佳閱讀效果，邊距線以外流血線以內(nèi)當然也

30、可以有圖像和圖形，只是這部分比較不適合閱讀?？梢栽O置自定義的邊距大小，但不建議小于0.25英寸（約6個毫）。   最后，我將四個方向的出血都設置為0.125(1/8)英寸。選擇“Ok”完成設置。3B. Master Pages:        Masters are essentially templates that you can overlay on multiple pages. When you make a change to a master, it will update all book page

31、s that the master was applied to. This is useful if you are adding page numbers, a title, or a graphic that needs to appear in the exact same place on multiple pages. In the case of this portfolio, I really only need it for page numbers. There are situations in my portfolio where the page number get

32、s lost in a dark background, therefore, I create a second master with white text. To view master pages, go to “Window>Pages” and you will see the masters at the top. Clicking on a master thumbnail brings up the master page where you can make changes. They can then be applied to the portfolio page

33、s by dragging them on top of the pages you wish to apply them to in the pages palette.3.2.主頁   （譯者注：主頁是ID節(jié)省排版時間的強力功能，簡單的說就是可以同時修改所用頁面相同元素的模板。不過作品集不比其他印刷品，一般就是頁碼。）   主頁本質(zhì)上就是模板,您可以應用于多個頁面。當你對主頁做出改變，它將更新所有應用的頁面。如果你添加頁碼、標題或需要出現(xiàn)在多個頁面上完全相同的地方的圖片，主頁非常實用。對于這個作品集，我只需要添加頁碼。對于一些暗色頁面，黑色頁碼看不清

34、楚，因此，我需要創(chuàng)建一個白色頁碼的第二主頁?！按翱?gt;頁面”，將看到頂部的主頁，點擊縮略圖來查看主頁，郵件新建主頁即可創(chuàng)建多個主頁，直接拖拽到所需的頁面即可應用主頁。4. Develop Photoshop Spreads        With the documents set up, I began the process of laying out the designs in Photoshop. I used filler text to determine general placement of paragraph

35、s and titles. I placed all my text into a group layer of each PSD file so that I could easily turn off the layer when it was time to place the file into InDesign.4.優(yōu)化PS跨頁   我在Photoshop中布局設計的過程中，我把PSD文件的填充文本都放到一個組里，這樣在導入ID時可以很容易地關(guān)掉層文字圖層。5. Place PSD Files into InDesign     &#

36、160;  As I develop the PSD files, I insert the new files into the InDesign document using the “Place” method. Placing the PSD files creates a link between the two programs so that if a change is made to the PSD file and saved, it will update in InDesign without the need to place it again.&

37、#160;       To do this, simply drag the PSD file onto the InDesign page and align the bleed edges. The longer route is to go to “File>Place.” When the dialogue appears, navigate to the PSD and choose “Open.” Then click on the desired InDesign page to place it. Finally, ad

38、just the location so that the bleed edge of the PSD file aligns with the bleed edge of the InDesign file.        To check that the PSD file is properly linked to the InDesign file, you can make a change to the PSD file in Photoshop and save the changes. Then, move back

39、into                   InDesign and see if the link is asking to be updated. A list of all of the linked files can be found under the "Links" palette which can be turned on under "Window>Links". If a link does need to

40、 be updated, right-click on the link and choose "update link" or choose the "update link" icon at the bottom of the links palette.5.導入PSD到ID   使用“置入”將PSD文件插入到IDD。將兩個程序之間的PSD文件創(chuàng)建一個鏈接，這樣如果PSD文件進行修改并保存,它將同步更新到ID。         然后 ，只需將PSD文件直接拖到ID中和出血

41、線邊緣對齊。或復雜的方法“文件>置入”當出現(xiàn)對話框，瀏覽到所需PSD，選擇“打開”，然后點擊所需地方。最后，調(diào)整位，這樣留有出血邊的PSD文件將與設置的ID文件大小完全吻合。      若要檢查PSD文件與ID文件是否鏈接，可以在Photoshop編輯PSD文件并保存更改。然后，回到ID鏈接是否要求被更新。所有相關(guān)文件的列表可以在“鏈接”面板中管理，打開“窗口>鏈接”。如果一個鏈接需要更新，右鍵單擊鏈接并選擇“更新鏈接”或選擇圖標面板底部的“更新鏈接”。6. Add Text in InDesign     &#

42、160;  Next I need to add the final written text into InDesign. As mentioned above, I prefer to add text in InDesign instead of Photoshop because it allows me to easily manage the text in one place ensuring consistency throughout the document along with easy proofreading. It also exports as

43、 a vector graphic to PDF which will yield crisper results when printing. The Photoshop files are rastorized when placed in InDesign meaning any text in the Photoshop files would be rastorized as well.6.在ID中添加文本   （譯者注：4、6兩點就是相當于在ID里編輯文本，PS只保留圖像，實際打印效果區(qū)別不大，但如果是電子檔的話，在ID里編輯的文本輸出PDF將是矢量的，也就是“

44、活字”。）   接下來我需要在InDesign中添加最后的文字。正如上面提到的，我寧愿在ID而不是PS中添加文本，因為它可以讓我輕松地管理文本，確保位置的一致性以及簡單的校對。它還可以作為一個矢量圖形輸出PDF，打印效果較好可以抗鋸齒。而直接在PS里編輯文字，輸出PDF后將柵格化，打印會出現(xiàn)一些鋸齒效果不好。7. Export to PDF        The final step is packaging the portfolio to be uploaded to the online printing c

45、ompany website. Most online printers prefer PDF files, but it is important to confirm this with your online printing company. Choose “File>Export”. In the export dialogue box, choose a location to save the document and be sure to select “Adobe PDF (print)” as the format, then click “Save”.7.輸出PDF

46、   最后一步就是輸出作品集文件打包上傳到在線印刷公司網(wǎng)站。大多數(shù)在線打印機支持PDF文件，但重要的是要與你的在線印刷公司確認?！拔募?gt;導出”，在導出對話框中選保存。Once the PDF dialogue box appears, you will see a ton of options. This is again a time to check to see if the print company that you are using has specific settings that they want you to follow. For examp

47、le, Blurb has an entire section of their site dedicated to explaining the settings they want you to use. Below are general settings I have used in the past if the print company does not already have specific requirements:   一旦PDF格式對話框出現(xiàn)，你會看到大量的選項。你可以再次檢查相關(guān)設置是否符合打印要求。例如，Blurb有的整個篇章用于解釋他們想要使用的設置。下面是我已經(jīng)使用在其他公司使用過的通用設置:       7A. Under the “General” tab on the left, set the “Adobe PDF Preset” to “High Quality Print”       7B. Under the “General” tab on the left, verify that “Pages” is selected and not “Spreads”