高考英語江蘇卷閱讀真題

1、2011 年 江蘇卷 閱讀AWe know the famous ones the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic lightand the windshield wiper （ 雨刮器 ） ？Shouldn t we know who they are?Joan McLean thinks so. In fact, McLean, a professor o

2、f physics at Mountain University in Range, feelsso strongly about this matter that she s developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning“ who”invented “ what” , however, Mclean also likes her studen ts to learn the answers to the “ why” and “ how” questions. According to McLean, “ Whenstude

3、nts learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”Her students agree. One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of McLean s statement. “ If I had not heard the story o

4、f the windshield wiper s invention, ” said Tommy Lee, a seniorphysics major, “I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into somethingso constructive. ” Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.So, just what is the story behind the wind

5、shield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in1902 after a visit to NewYork City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow coveringthe windshield, she found

6、herself wondering why there couldn t be a built-in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting outsolutions. One of her ideas, a lever （ 操作桿 ） on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside,

7、became the first windshield wiper.Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. It s hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgan s traffic light. It s equall y impossible to picture a world without Katherine J.Blodgett sinnovation that makes glass invisible. Can you picture life

8、without clear windows and eyeglasses?56. By mentioni ng “ traffic light ” and “ windshield wiper ”, the author indicates that countless inventions are .A. beneficial, because their inventors are famousB. beneficial, though their inventors areless famousC. not useful, because their inventors are less

9、 famous D. not useful, though their inventors are famous57. Professor Jo an McLean s course aims to .B. inform students of the windshield wiper sD. prepare students to try their ownB. inspired by the story behind the windshieldD. not related to Professor Joan McLean sA. add colo r and variety to stu

10、dents campus life inventionC. carry out the requirements by Mountain University inventions58. Tommy Lee s invention of the unbreakable umbrella wasA. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer wiperC. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm lectures59. Which of the following can best s

11、erve as the title of this passage?A. How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers?B. How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window?C. Shouldn t We Know Who Invent ed the Windshield Wiper?D. Shouldn t We Develop Invention Courses in Universities?r r"卜3虹廣 尸十 r C ic >r j

12、rjil rc4r£l<，*+，g. jjfy* IbJ*( 111WWW. fp，p,Q fj . u K oiG4e eaoaoa 3(3to* T*QatiOTTxl farJc口tuhdo1 總AttractionsDo you; Love the National Part(h value it and hope to safeguard its (ulure? Wish to see the beautiful landscape of Ihe Park protected? L*e to enjoy peaceful, informal recreation wi

13、linn the Parte?472VmsThe Friends organization aims are to help protect aW improve the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park for ah lo enpy, We are a voluntary organtzabon and regrstered chanty without nnancisl links to the National Park Authority.專We encourage everyone to enjoy the National Park through

14、 regular talks and visits to interesting places m the Park with expert guides.We keep an eye on planning appticattons. Park Authority policies and threats to trie National Park such as massive leisure complexes We work with likeminded organizations sucti as the Campaign for National Parks to make ou

15、r voice more effect!ve1We help children to understand the National1 Park by sponsoring publications such as an adventure booklet and projects in local schools Guided visits to places of tmerest whicti may not always be available (o (he general public. All members receive our regular News and V>ew

16、s. Talks by experts m ther fields on current issues. A discount >s available on Fnends items for sale Sa I isf action of panicipallon in work parties, for those willing and ate to be involved.If interested, please complete the Apphcabon Form at www fpnp org.uk60. Which of the following isdiscoura

17、ged by the Friends organization?A. To build massive complexes for public amusement.B. To prevent possible damages to the NationalPark.C. To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy.D. To sponsor publications and projectsin local schools.61. One of the benefits for members of Friends is to.

18、A. have Friends ' goods free of chargeB. visit any place not open to the publicC. take part in work parties if they want to D. give talks in their fields on current issues62. The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to.A. raise money for the Friends organizationB. join the Friends org

19、anization and bemembers of itC. work as managers for Pembrokeshire National ParkD. enjoy the landscape of PembrokeshireNational ParkAccording to the USgovernment, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gig watts of electricity every year. Unfortunately, the water there is far too deep fo

20、r even the tallest windmills (see picture )to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway, however, could help put them anywhere.The project, called Hywind, is the world s first large -scale deepwater wind turbine ( 渦輪發(fā)電機).Although ituses a fairlystandard152-ton 2.3-megawatt turbin

21、e, Hywind represents totally new technology.The turbinewill be fixed213 feetabove the water on a floatingspar ( see picture), a technology Hywind screator, the Norwegian company StatoilHydro, has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface,

22、 will be tied to the ocean floor by three cables; these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves.Hywind s stability inthe cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power.If all goes according to plan,

23、 the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September.To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but it s difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a

24、 floating sparin themiddle of the ocean. To make that turbine heavier, the whole spar s centre of gravity must be moved muchcloser to the ocean s surface. To do that, the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox ( 變速箱 ) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades (se

25、e picture ).Hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating wind-farm technology could be extremely large. Out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing offshore windmills are planted. Deep-sea farms are invisible from land, which helps ov

26、ercome the windmill-as-eyesore objection. If the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planet s surface to one of thebest low-carbon power sources available.63. The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of .A. the cables which tie the spar to the ocean

27、 floorB. the spar which is floating in deep-seawaterC. the blades driven by strong and steady sea windD. the stones filled in the spar below the seasurface64. To balance a bigger turbine high on a flatting spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting .A. on the sea floorB.

28、on the spar topC. at sea levelD. behind the blades65. Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can .A. solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills B. make financial profits by producing more turbinesC. settle the arguments about environmental problemsD. explore low-carbon power r

29、esources availableat seaTech to W4tch： Deepwater WrndmltDShay and his father had walked past a park where some boys Shay knew were playing baseball. Shay asked, “Do you think they ' ll let me play? " Shay' s father knew that most of the boys would not want someonelike Shay on their team

30、, but the father also understood that if his son, mentally and physically disabled, were allowed to play, it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence.Shay' s father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play, not expecting much. The boy looked

31、 around and said, “We re losing by six runs （分）and the game is in the eighth inning （局）. I guess he can be on our team and we ' ll try to put him in to bat in the final inning.Shay struggled over to the team ' s bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and his father had a small tear

32、 in his eye and warmth in hisheart. The boys saw the father ' s joy at his son being accepted.In the bottom of the eighth inning, Shay' s team scored a few runs but was still behind by three. Inthe top of the final inning, Shay put on a glove and played in the field. Even though no hits came

33、 his way, he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field. In the bottom of thefinal inning, Shay ' steam scored again. Now, Shay was scheduled to be next at bat. Would they let Shay bat and give away their chance to win the game?Surprisingly, Shay was given the bat. Everyone kne

34、w that a hit was almost impossible. The firstpitch（投）came and Shay missed. The pitcher again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay. As the pitch came in, Shay swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher.The pitcher could have easily thrown the ball

35、 to the first baseman and Shay would have been out and that would have been the end of the game. Instead, the pitcher threw the ball right over the head of the first baseman, beyond the reach of all teammates. The audience and the players from both teams started screaming,“Shay, run to first! ” Neve

36、r in his life had Shay ever run that far but made it to first base,wide-eyed and shocked.Everyone shouted ,“Run to second! ” Catching his breath, Shay awkwardly ran towards second.By thetime Shay rounded towards second base, the smallest guy on their team, who had a chance to be the hero for his tea

37、m for the first time, could have thrown the ball to the second baseman, but he understood the pitcher ' s intentions and he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third baseman ' s head.All were screaming, “Shay, Shay, Shay, all the way Shay. " Shay reached third base wh

38、en one opposing player ran to help him and shouted, “Shay, run to third. " As Shay rounded third, all were on their feet, crying, “Shay, run home " Shay ran to home, stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who won the game for his team.That day, the boys from both teams helped

39、 bring a piece of true love and humanity into this world. Shay didn ' t make it to another summer and died that winter, having never forgotten being the hero and makinghis father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day!66. Not expecting much, Shay

40、' s father still asked the boy if Shay could play, mainly because the fatheA. noticed some of the boys on the field were hesitatingB. guessed his presence would affect theboy s decisionC. learned some of the boys on the field knew Shay wellD. understood Shay did need a feeling ofbeing accepted67

41、. In the bottom of the final inning Shay was given the bat because the boys .A. believed they were sure to win the gameB. would like to help Shay enjoy the gameC. found Shay was so eager to be a winnerD. felt forced to give Shay another chance68. The sm allest boy threw the ball high and far over th

42、e third baseman s head, probably because that boyA. was obviously aware of the pitcher s purposeB. looked forward to winning the game for his teamC. failed to throw the ball to the second basemanD. saw that Shay already reached second base69. Which of the following has nothing to do withShay s becom

43、ing the hero for his team?A. The pitcher did not throw the ball to the first baseman.B. The audience and the players from both teams cheered for him.C. The opposing players failed to stop his running to home.D. One of the opposing players ran to help him.70. What to you think is the theme of the sto

44、ry?A. True human nature could be realized in the way we treat each other.B. Everyone has his own strength even if mentally or physically disabled.C. Everyone can develop his team spirit in sports and please his parents.D. The results of the game should not be the only concern of the players.請認真閱讀下列短

45、文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個 最恰當?shù)膯卧~。When Should a Leader Apologize and When Not? Why Difficult?When we wrong someone we know, even not intentionally, we are generally expected to apologize so as to improve the situation. But when we re acting as leade rs, the circumstances are different.The act ofapolog

46、y is carried out not merely at the level of the individual but also at the level of the institution.It is a performance in which every expression matters and every word becomes part of the public record. Refusing to apologize can be smart, or it can be stupid. So, readiness to apologize can be seen

47、as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness. A successful apology can turn hateintopersonal andorganizational harmony while an apology that is too little, too late, or too obviously strategic can bring on individual and institutional ruin. What, then, is to be done? How can leaders decide

48、 if and when to apologize publicly?Why Now?The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more urgent. During the last decade or so, the United States in particular has developed an apology culture apologies of all kindsand for all sorts of wrongdoings are madefar more freq

49、uently than before. More newspaper writers have written about the growing importance of public apologies. More articles, cartoons, advice columns, and radio and television programs have similarly dealt with the subject of private apologies.Why Bother?Why do we apologize? Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely