高中英語倒裝句講解

1、倒裝句講解 英語句子通常有兩種語序：一種是陳述語序，一種是倒裝語序。 將謂語的一部分或全部置于主語之前的語序叫做倒裝語序。 倒裝可分為二種：將整個謂語提到主語之前的叫完全倒裝（full inversion）； 而只將be 、情態(tài)動詞或者助動詞放在主語之前的叫做部分倒裝（partial inversion）。 形式倒裝：只把強調(diào)的內(nèi)容提至句首，主謂并不倒裝形式倒裝有四類： （1）感嘆句：What + a/an + adj +n.+(主語+謂語)！ How + adj /adv.+(主語+謂語)！ （2）The+比較級+正常語序句子，The+比較級+正常語序句子?！霸?，越.?！?（3）Whatev

2、er+n.+主語+謂語，主句。 However+ adj/adv+主語+謂語，主句。 （4）As/Although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，可以對表語、謂語、狀語進行強調(diào)。 （注意：若對表語進行強調(diào)時，表語為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，形容詞最高級時，要省掉冠詞）一、完全倒裝1. There be結(jié)構(gòu)。另外,在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用來代替be動詞的動詞有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。如:There stood a dog before him.There exist different opinions on this question.鞏固練習(xí):1)

3、_ a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill.A. There stand; at B. There stands; underC. Stands there; under D. There stands; at2 (1).在以here、there、now、then等副詞開頭的句子里。 “Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主語 結(jié)構(gòu)。 Here comes the old lady!Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.Ther

4、e comes the bus.Now comes your turn.如果主語是人稱代詞,就不用倒裝。如:Here you are.There she comes.(2). 表示方向的副詞out, in, up, down等置于句首,要用全部倒裝。如果主語是人稱代詞,就不用倒裝。如:In came Mr. White.Up went the arrow into the air.Away went the boy.2) There _. And here _.A. goes the phone; she comesB. is the phone going; is sheC. does th

5、e phone go; does she comeD. the phone goes; come she 3) Out _, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rushB. rushed he C. he rushedD. he did rush4) _ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him. A. Jumped down the robber B. Jumped the robber down C. Down jumped the robber D. D

6、own the robber jumped(3).當(dāng)表示地點的介詞詞組(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)在句首時。 At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. The soldiers ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. East of the lake lie two towns. Under the tree was lying a wound

7、ed soldier. 5) Near the church _ cottage.A. was such an oldB. had a so oldC. was such old aD. is so an old3.分詞(代詞) + be + 主語結(jié)構(gòu)。如:Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.Such was the story he told me.6) _, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits. A. Einstein was such B. S

8、uch was Einstein C. Einstein was soD. So was Einstein7) _ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A. Gone B. Go C. To go D. Going二、部分倒裝部分倒裝是把be動詞、情態(tài)動詞、助動詞放到主語之前。如果句子中沒有這些詞,要在主語之前加助動詞do / does / did等,而把原來的謂語動詞變成原形放在主語之后。 1. 句首狀語為否定詞或半否定詞的句子。這類詞或短語主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom(很少，不常）

9、, rarely（很少，罕有）, hardly, scarcely（幾乎不，簡直沒有）, no sooner（立即）, not only, in no way（決不）, at no time, few, not, no等, 如:Not a word did I say to him.Never have I found him so happy.Little does he care about what I said.I cant swim. Neither can he.No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.鞏固練習(xí):1) Har

10、dly _ the airport when the plane took off.A. I had arrived atB. had I arrivedC. had I reachedD. I had got to2) Have you ever seen anything like that before?No, _ anything like that before.A. I never have seen B. never I have seenC. never have I seen D. I have seen3) She is not fond of cooking, _ I.A

11、. so amB. nor amC. neitherD. nor do2. only + 狀語放在句首,要部分倒裝。如: Only by this means is it possible to explain it. (介詞短語)Only then did I realize the importance of math. (副詞)Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. (從句)4) Only in this way _ make progress in your English.

12、 A. you B. can you C. you be able to D. will you able to 5) Only when the meeting was over_ go back to meet his friend.A. he could B. he was able to C. was he able toD. was able to he3. so或so引導(dǎo)的短語放在句首,要部分倒裝。如: I saw the film, so did she.So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could

13、hear him.6) The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and _.A. so did CharlieB. Charlie did so C. Charlie does soD. did Charlie so7) So loudly _ that _ hear her clearly. A. did she speak; could everyone B. did she speak; everyone could C. she spoke; could everyone D. she spoke; everyone could4. Not

14、only + 分句,but also + 分句句型中的前一分句要部分倒裝。如: Not only does John love Chinese, he is also good at speaking it. 但not only.but also.連接主語時,不倒裝。如:Not only the mother but also the children are sick.8) _ himself wrong, but his friends were wrong. A. Not was only he B. Not only he C. Not only was he D. Not only

15、was5. Not until放在句首,從句不倒裝,主句倒裝。如: Not until last week did they find the lost bike. (簡單句)Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. (復(fù)合句)9) Not until the early years of the 19th century _know what heat is.A. man didB. manC. didnt manD. did man10) Not until I be

16、gan to work _ realize how much time I had wasted.A. didnt I B. did I C. I didntD. I6. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或頻度副詞(短語)開頭的句子中,要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如:Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.12) Many a time _ swimming alone.A. the boy wentB. went the boy C. did

17、the boy goD. did go the boy7.用于某些表示祝愿的句子里 May you succeed! Long live the Peoples Republic of China! Not only，but also引導(dǎo)的并列句。 not only位于句首時，所引導(dǎo)的前面的分句倒裝，后面的分句不倒裝。故此稱為“前倒后不倒”。如：Not until狀語從句。此兩種結(jié)構(gòu)位于句首時，倒裝主句而不倒裝從句，即：“主倒從不倒”。如：1）Only when he told me did I know it2）Not until I began to work did I realize

18、how much time I had wastedNo soonerthan，HardlyScarcelywhen等句型也屬此類用法。如：No sooner（Hardly） had we reached home than（when）it began to rain代表Neithernor所引導(dǎo)的并列句。2N若位于兩分句之首，則前后分句均倒裝。即“前倒后也倒”。如：Neither do I know her name，nor does he.No matter引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。此時前面從句及后面主句均不倒裝。即“前后均不倒”。如：No matter how busy he is，he alwa

19、ys comes to help us 1. -“ Look ! Here _.” -“Oh, thank God . Here_.” A. the teacher comes ; he comes B. comes the teacher ; comes he C. does the teacher come ; does he come D. comes the teacher ; he comes 2. We waited and waited. _ we had been looking forward to. A. Then came the moment B. Then did t

20、he moment come C. The moment then came D. Then was coming the moment 3. _can you expect to get a pay rise. AWith hard work BAlthough work hard COnly with hard work DNow that he works hard 4. Only after _ to go to school. A. New China was founded ; he was able B. was New China founded ; was he able C

21、. New China came into being ; was he able D. New China founded ;he was able 5. Little _ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself. A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he cared 6. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was . A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the vi