重大版英語(yǔ)必修4Unit3--Reading[1]

1、Unit 3 Project Hope Reading1. Five travelers: Money, Beauty, Wisdom, Hope and health are caught in a heavy storm in a small boat. Unfortunately only one of them can survive the storm. Who do you choose to be the only one to stay and why? I choose becauseGroup WorkGetting ReadyWhen wealth is lost, no

2、ting is lost;When health is lost, something is lost;When hope is lost, all is lost. rural nine-year fund school-age drop-out contribute poor family money2. Have you ever heard about Project Hope? Try to complete the following table with the help of the given words and expressions.Project Hope When F

3、rom 1989 Why Reduce _ in _ education. Who _ children from _.Where _ areas HowReceive _ from home and abroad.Set up _ to build schools and help students contribute their study.drop-outsnine-yearschool-agepoor familyruralmoneyfund 3. Loot at the picture below. Do you know who she is? Does she have any

4、 relationship with Project Hope? Work in pairs and have a short discussion.Su Mingjuan has been famous as the former poster girl for the Project Hope education fund. 7歲的蘇明娟是張灣小學(xué)的一年級(jí)學(xué)歲的蘇明娟是張灣小學(xué)的一年級(jí)學(xué)生，這幅畫(huà)面為一個(gè)手握鉛筆頭、兩生，這幅畫(huà)面為一個(gè)手握鉛筆頭、兩只直視前方、對(duì)求知充滿渴望的大眼只直視前方、對(duì)求知充滿渴望的大眼睛小女孩、題為睛小女孩、題為“我要上學(xué)我要上學(xué)”的照片的照片發(fā)表后，很快被國(guó)內(nèi)

5、各大報(bào)紙雜志爭(zhēng)發(fā)表后，很快被國(guó)內(nèi)各大報(bào)紙雜志爭(zhēng)相轉(zhuǎn)載，成為中國(guó)希望工程的宣傳標(biāo)相轉(zhuǎn)載，成為中國(guó)希望工程的宣傳標(biāo)志，蘇明娟也隨之成為希望工程的形志，蘇明娟也隨之成為希望工程的形象代表。象代表。 Project Hope is a Chinese public service project organized by the China Youth Development Foundation (CYDF) and the Communist Youth League (CYL) Central Committee. Started on October 30, 1989, it aims to

6、bring schools into poverty-stricken rural areas of China, to help children. 背景閱讀背景閱讀 whose families are too poor to afford it to complete elementary school education. Through Project Hope, the CYDF has also sought to improve educational facilities and improve teaching quality in poorer regions. Pred

7、ictionNow read the title and decide which of the following sentences tells the main idea of the article. The girl lives a colorful life in college. B. The girl enters college with the help of Project Hope.C. The girl becomes a star.ReadingTask 1. skim the text and get the main idea. The girl lives a

8、 colorful life in college. B. The girl enters college with the help of Project Hope.C. The girl becomes a star.Task 2. Scaning Scan the article and fill in the missing information about Su Mingjuan. Then work with your partner and talk about Su Mingjuans experience from 1991 to 2002.In 1991A photogr

9、apher went to Su Mingjuans village to see how _ had helped the school drop-outs. He was deeply attracted by her _ that were crying for knowledge, and he took a picture of her named “_”. Since then, the picture has moved thousands of people across China and become a _ of Project Hope.Project Hopeeyes

10、I want to go to schoolsymbolIn 1999Su was awarded the national “_”By_.In 2002Su Mingjuan took part in the _ examination and her good grades gained her a place at _. Now, she is studying at _.Star of Hopethe China Youth DevelopmentFoundationnational collegea top universityAnhui universityvTips for th

11、e competitionvBehind each picture there is a question.vEach score can only be chosen once.vThe higher the score is, the harder the question will be.vYou should work with your group members in the competition!TASK 3 post-readingGroup CompetitionGroup CompetitionChallenge yourselves!Challenge yourselv

12、es!50105204030 You neednt answer any question. You get 5 scores because you are brave enough to answer questions!2. Guess the meaning of national college entrance exam form the text.國(guó)家高等教育入學(xué)考試，國(guó)家高等教育入學(xué)考試，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)“高考高考”3. photograph + er It means _ in Chinese.4.re-:again Reprint:_ in Chinese.攝影師攝影師重?。环≈?/p>

13、??；翻印 1. Su Mingjuannewspapers and posters all over China. posters here means _.A. Picture B. card1020 What has Su Mingjuan been famous for? A. She gained her a place at a top university. B. She has been famous for her big eyes in a picture named “I want to go to school”. C. She gained the first plac

14、e in this years national college entrance exam. D. She has always been a hardworking student.30Who organized Project Hope? Where did it receive money? Project Hope was organized by the China Youth Development Foundation in 1989. It receives money from China and foreign countries.40 How do you unders

15、tand the phrase “gain her a place” in Para. 2? It means that Su Mingjuan was accepted by a top university because of her good performance in the national college entrance exam.gain sb. a place意為意為“贏得贏得機(jī)會(huì)機(jī)會(huì), 贏得一個(gè)位置贏得一個(gè)位置”50Do you think the word “fund” in Para. 2 and the last paragraph means the same

16、thing? In Para. 2, “fund” means an organization established to manage a sum of money, while in the last paragraph, “fund” means a sum of money for a specific purpose.Homework Discuss:Now sumingjuan has realized her first dream of going to college, what do you think will be her next dream? Thank youT

17、hank youBye!Explanation 1. Su Mingjuan is not a household name, but the girls large, longing eyes once looked out from newspaper and posters all over China. 蘇明娟不是一個(gè)家喻戶(hù)曉的名字，但是蘇明娟不是一個(gè)家喻戶(hù)曉的名字，但是她大大的、滿是渴望的眼睛曾一度出現(xiàn)她大大的、滿是渴望的眼睛曾一度出現(xiàn)在全國(guó)大小報(bào)刊和宣傳海報(bào)上。在全國(guó)大小報(bào)刊和宣傳海報(bào)上。(1) long vi. 渴望；熱愛(ài)；極想渴望；熱愛(ài)；極想常用搭配：常用搭配：long to

18、do sth. 渴望做某事渴望做某事long for sth. 渴望渴望，極度想，極度想They long for a chance to visit Shanghai. We are longing to see you as soon as possible.注意注意 longing adj. 渴望的渴望的 We are all longing for another party. 我們都渴望再舉辦一場(chǎng)聚會(huì)。我們都渴望再舉辦一場(chǎng)聚會(huì)。 The children in remote region are longing for knowledge. 邊遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)的孩子很渴望知識(shí)。邊遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)的孩子很

19、渴望知識(shí)。（2）once的用法的用法 1） adv. 曾經(jīng)；一度曾經(jīng)；一度Once I lived in this big city.曾經(jīng)我居住在這個(gè)大城市。曾經(jīng)我居住在這個(gè)大城市。 從前從前Once there lived a strange old man in the village.從前村里住著一個(gè)古怪的老頭。從前村里住著一個(gè)古怪的老頭。 一次一次Though Tom is busy working, he goes home once a month to see his parents.2) conj. 一旦，每當(dāng)一旦，每當(dāng)Once you begin ,you must cont

20、inue however difficult.你一旦開(kāi)始了，不管有多困難都得進(jìn)行下去。你一旦開(kāi)始了，不管有多困難都得進(jìn)行下去。由由once構(gòu)成的常用短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的常用短語(yǔ)all at onceonce upon a timeonce againonce in a whileonce or twiceevery once in a while突然突然從前從前再一次再一次有時(shí)；間或有時(shí)；間或一兩次；有時(shí)一兩次；有時(shí)偶爾偶爾How often do you go to the cinema?_.Once in a month B. Once for a month C. One time a month

21、 D. Once a month _ you understand this rule, youll have no further difficulty.Whether B. Though A.C. Only D. Once 2. is to realize her dream of going to collegeher good grades in this years national college entrance have gained her a place at a top university. 即將實(shí)現(xiàn)自己上大學(xué)的夢(mèng)想。她即將實(shí)現(xiàn)自己上大學(xué)的夢(mèng)想。她今年優(yōu)異的高考成績(jī)?yōu)樗?/p>

22、贏得了進(jìn)入今年優(yōu)異的高考成績(jī)?yōu)樗A得了進(jìn)入名牌大學(xué)深造的機(jī)會(huì)。名牌大學(xué)深造的機(jī)會(huì)。 is to realize her dream of going to college表示表示“即將實(shí)現(xiàn)她上大學(xué)的夢(mèng)想即將實(shí)現(xiàn)她上大學(xué)的夢(mèng)想” （1）be to do sth.是將來(lái)時(shí)的一種表達(dá)，是將來(lái)時(shí)的一種表達(dá)，表示表示“計(jì)劃、打算做某事計(jì)劃、打算做某事”We are to have a holiday in U.S.A.Our government is to build a power station in our city.辨析辨析: be going to do, be to do和和be abou

23、t to be going to do表示打算或計(jì)劃做某事表示打算或計(jì)劃做某事 或根或根據(jù)某種跡象判斷將要發(fā)生的事。據(jù)某種跡象判斷將要發(fā)生的事。 be to do表示預(yù)先安排好的計(jì)劃或約定。表示預(yù)先安排好的計(jì)劃或約定。 will do 表不是事先經(jīng)過(guò)考慮的將來(lái)動(dòng)作表不是事先經(jīng)過(guò)考慮的將來(lái)動(dòng)作 be about to do 表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，意為表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，意為 “正要正要, 即將即將”, 不與具體的表將來(lái)時(shí)間的不與具體的表將來(lái)時(shí)間的 副詞或副詞性短語(yǔ)連用副詞或副詞性短語(yǔ)連用, 但可以與但可以與when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,其結(jié)構(gòu)為其結(jié)構(gòu)為 S+was/were ab

24、out to dowhen S+did Dont go out now, we _ have supper. The wind went down toward sunset. It _ be fine tomorrow. The Queen _ visit Beijing next year. His sister is 13 years old, and she _ be 14 years old next year.I was about to leave when the phone rangare about tois going to is to will （2）dream n.

25、夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)想，向往的事夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)想，向往的事 v.做夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)見(jiàn)，夢(mèng)想，想到做夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)見(jiàn)，夢(mèng)想，想到eg.I had a strange dream last night. 昨晚我做了個(gè)奇怪的夢(mèng)。昨晚我做了個(gè)奇怪的夢(mèng)。eg.Ive always had a dream of owning my own business eg.To spend vacations by the sea is my dream.在海在海濱度假是我向往的事濱度假是我向往的事eg.It has always been her dream to be an actress eg.She was dreaming peacefully

26、. 她正寧?kù)o地做著夢(mèng)。她正寧?kù)o地做著夢(mèng)。eg. Last night, I dreamed that a monster was chasing me. 昨晚，我夢(mèng)見(jiàn)有個(gè)怪獸追我昨晚，我夢(mèng)見(jiàn)有個(gè)怪獸追我 短語(yǔ)：短語(yǔ)：1)sweet dreams 美夢(mèng)美夢(mèng) 2) Have nice dreams 做個(gè)好夢(mèng)做個(gè)好夢(mèng) 3) dream of being/becoming 夢(mèng)想成夢(mèng)想成為為 4)dream of doing sth. 夢(mèng)想夢(mèng)想/渴望做某事渴望做某事eg.I dream of becoming the best football player in China eg.I dream of

27、 one day working for myself and not having a boss. 5)dream about 夢(mèng)見(jiàn)夢(mèng)見(jiàn)eg. I dreamed about my teacher last night. 句型：1）It has long been ones dream to do sth. 做某事是某人長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)的夢(mèng)想eg.It has long been her dream to be an actress. 當(dāng)演員是她長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)的夢(mèng)想。eg.It has always been our dream to take the children to the Great Wall

28、 帶孩子們?nèi)ラL(zhǎng)城一直是我們的理想 2) I never dreamed that 我從沒(méi)想到/我做夢(mèng)也想到eg.I never dreamed that such a thing could happen to me! eg.I never dreamed that I would see you again (3) gain sb. a place意為意為“贏得機(jī)會(huì)，贏得機(jī)會(huì)， 贏得一個(gè)位置贏得一個(gè)位置” gain sb. a place at/in在在贏得一席贏得一席之地之地 Her hard work gained her a place to study abroad. 她努力地工作為

29、她贏得了一次留學(xué)的機(jī)她努力地工作為她贏得了一次留學(xué)的機(jī)會(huì)。會(huì)。 In the end he gained him an important place in the parliament. 最后他在國(guó)會(huì)贏得了一個(gè)重要的位置。最后他在國(guó)會(huì)贏得了一個(gè)重要的位置。 gain的用法的用法 1）vt .&vi. 獲得，得到，贏得獲得，得到，贏得 Our army gained the battle. 我們的軍隊(duì)贏得了那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)役。我們的軍隊(duì)贏得了那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)役。 （經(jīng)努力）到達(dá)；達(dá)到（經(jīng)努力）到達(dá)；達(dá)到We gained our destination before dark. 我們天黑之前到達(dá)了目的地。我們天黑

30、之前到達(dá)了目的地。 (鐘、表等鐘、表等)快（反義詞為快（反義詞為lose）My watch gains five minutes a day. 我的表一天快五分鐘。我的表一天快五分鐘。 2）n. 獲利；營(yíng)利；收益；增益獲利；營(yíng)利；收益；增益 No pains, no gains. 不勞無(wú)獲不勞無(wú)獲 增加；增進(jìn)增加；增進(jìn) A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。吃一塹，長(zhǎng)一智。We are not afraid of failure. As it goes, a fall into the pit, a _ in your wit.A.

31、get B. obtain C. gain D. acquirePractice 3. said a local official in charge of Project Hope, the countrys most influential public benefit project. 據(jù)據(jù)希望工程在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊晃回?fù)責(zé)人介紹，（希希望工程在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊晃回?fù)責(zé)人介紹，（希望工程是）我國(guó)最具影響力的公共福利項(xiàng)望工程是）我國(guó)最具影響力的公共福利項(xiàng)目。目。 1）in charge of =manage or direct管理管理 Who is in charge of the project? 誰(shuí)負(fù)責(zé)這

32、項(xiàng)工程？誰(shuí)負(fù)責(zé)這項(xiàng)工程？辨析：辨析：in charge of與與in the charge ofin charge of表示表示“管理，負(fù)責(zé)，經(jīng)營(yíng)管理，負(fù)責(zé)，經(jīng)營(yíng)”（主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者）（主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者）I will be in charge of the whole factory when our boss is away.in the charge of表示表示“由由負(fù)責(zé)負(fù)責(zé)/管管理理/經(jīng)營(yíng)經(jīng)營(yíng)”（主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者）（主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者）The class is in the charge of our monitor. leave sth. in the charge of sb

33、/leave sb.in charge of sth.put sb. in charge oftake charge offree of chargecharge的常用短語(yǔ)的常用短語(yǔ)交由交由照管照管讓某人負(fù)責(zé)、照顧讓某人負(fù)責(zé)、照顧負(fù)責(zé)，管理，照顧負(fù)責(zé)，管理，照顧免費(fèi)免費(fèi)charge的用法歸納：的用法歸納： (1) 費(fèi)用；價(jià)錢(qián)（費(fèi)用；價(jià)錢(qián)（n.）Whats the charge of using the hall?(2) 指控；譴責(zé)指控；譴責(zé)(n.)He was arrested on a charge of murder.(3)向某人索取費(fèi)用（向某人索取費(fèi)用（vt.charge sb.mone

34、y for.）They charges me five dollars for a cup of coffee.(4)告發(fā)；指控（告發(fā)；指控（charge sb. with sth.）(vt.) He was charged with bribery(受賄受賄). When their parents were out on vacation, the house was left _ Dick. in charge of B. in the charge ofC. taking charge of D. taking the charge of【解析】本題考查詞語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：【解析】本題考

35、查詞語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：當(dāng)他們的父母外出度假時(shí)，這間房子當(dāng)他們的父母外出度假時(shí)，這間房子由由Dick照看。照看。leavein the charge of sb/leave sb.in charge of sth.交由交由來(lái)照來(lái)照看。看。1. 他被指控?fù)尳?。他被指控?fù)尳佟e _ _ _ robbery. 2. 修一下這雙鞋，要多少錢(qián)？修一下這雙鞋，要多少錢(qián)？How much will you _ me _ the shoes?翻譯： was charged withchargefor mending（2）benefit的用法的用法 1）n(u). 利益；好處利益；好處 n(c) 表表“具體的好處

36、具體的好處” be of (no, a little, some, great, much) benefit to對(duì)對(duì)有好處；對(duì)有好處；對(duì)有益處有益處 Its said that Yoga is of great benefit to human health. 據(jù)說(shuō)瑜伽對(duì)人體健康有極大的好處。據(jù)說(shuō)瑜伽對(duì)人體健康有極大的好處。注意：注意：be of benefit to=be beneficial to beneficial adj.有益的，有好處的有益的，有好處的for ones benefit為了某人的利益，為某為了某人的利益，為某人好人好for the benefit of為了為了的好處

37、的好處As Party members, we must do everything for peoples benefit.作為共產(chǎn)黨員，我們必須一切為了人民。作為共產(chǎn)黨員，我們必須一切為了人民。 2）vt. 有益于有益于sth. benefit sb.The advice from my father benefits me greatly in my life. 父親給我的忠告讓我一生受益匪淺。父親給我的忠告讓我一生受益匪淺。3）vi.(常與常與from, by連用連用)獲益；得益于獲益；得益于 The plants benefits by sunshine and rain. 植物得益

38、于陽(yáng)光雨露。植物得益于陽(yáng)光雨露。 He is such a person who has never benefited from experience. 他就是這樣一個(gè)從來(lái)不吸取教訓(xùn)的人。他就是這樣一個(gè)從來(lái)不吸取教訓(xùn)的人。 You will benefit from her good example4）A benefits B=B benefits from AThe new hospital will benefit the entire community=The entire community will benefit from the new hospital4. In 1991,

39、 when Xie Hailong, a photographer with Beijing-based China Youth Daily, went into remote mountainous areas in Anhui Province to see how Project Hope had helped school drop-outs, Su Mingjuan stood out among her peers with a pair of large, bright and clear eyes that were crying for knowledge. 1991年，中國(guó)

40、青年報(bào)北京站的攝影記年，中國(guó)青年報(bào)北京站的攝影記者謝海龍進(jìn)入安徽的偏遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)，以了者謝海龍進(jìn)入安徽的偏遠(yuǎn)山區(qū)，以了解當(dāng)?shù)叵Ｍこ叹戎W(xué)兒童的情況，解當(dāng)?shù)叵Ｍこ叹戎W(xué)兒童的情況，在眾多小孩中，蘇明娟那雙明亮清澈、在眾多小孩中，蘇明娟那雙明亮清澈、渴求知識(shí)的大眼睛那么的與眾不同，渴求知識(shí)的大眼睛那么的與眾不同，吸引了他的注意力。吸引了他的注意力。 （1）句型分析：）句型分析： 該句的主語(yǔ)是：該句的主語(yǔ)是：“Su Mingjuan stood out among her peers ”；when在此在此引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；with a pair of large是介詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀

41、語(yǔ)；是介詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)；that were crying for knowledge是定語(yǔ)從是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞句，修飾先行詞eyes。（2）cry for knowledge 渴求知識(shí)渴求知識(shí) cry for哭著哭著/吵著要求得到，吵著要求得到， 懇求，迫切需要懇求，迫切需要 The little boy is crying for the toy in the shop window. 那個(gè)小男孩吵著要商店櫥窗里的玩具。那個(gè)小男孩吵著要商店櫥窗里的玩具。 5. The pair of eyes in the picture Xie took, named “I want to go t

42、o school”, have moved thousands of people across China, who have since contributed large sums to help children continue their schooling. 這雙大眼睛出現(xiàn)在了謝海龍拍攝的題為這雙大眼睛出現(xiàn)在了謝海龍拍攝的題為“我要上學(xué)我要上學(xué)”的照片上，并且從此感動(dòng)了成的照片上，并且從此感動(dòng)了成千上萬(wàn)的中國(guó)人，他們紛紛慷慨解囊，籌募了千上萬(wàn)的中國(guó)人，他們紛紛慷慨解囊，籌募了一筆筆款項(xiàng)，從而讓那些失學(xué)孩子能繼續(xù)上學(xué)。一筆筆款項(xiàng)，從而讓那些失學(xué)孩子能繼續(xù)上學(xué)。 （1）句型分析）句型

43、分析 句中的句中的Xie took是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾飾the picture; named “I want to go to school”為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，也修飾也修飾the picture, 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于which is named “I want to go to school”; who have since contributes是非是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾thousands of people, 而不是修飾而不是修飾China。（2）contribute vt.&vi. (to) 捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)Its ever

44、y citizens duty to contribute money and things to the flooded areas.向被洪水淹沒(méi)的地區(qū)捐錢(qián)捐物是每個(gè)公民的向被洪水淹沒(méi)的地區(qū)捐錢(qián)捐物是每個(gè)公民的職責(zé)。職責(zé)。He never contributes to the discussion. 他在討論時(shí)從不發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。他在討論時(shí)從不發(fā)表意見(jiàn)。 短語(yǔ)：短語(yǔ)：1）Contribute to有助于有助于/導(dǎo)導(dǎo)致致./ 貢獻(xiàn)貢獻(xiàn)/投稿投稿 /向向捐款捐款 2）contributeto向向捐獻(xiàn)捐獻(xiàn).（3）contribution n. 捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)The invention of pap

45、er was a great contribution to human civilization. 紙的發(fā)明是對(duì)人類(lèi)文明的一大貢獻(xiàn)。紙的發(fā)明是對(duì)人類(lèi)文明的一大貢獻(xiàn)。Make a contribution to / toward向向捐贈(zèng)；捐贈(zèng)；為為做出貢獻(xiàn)做出貢獻(xiàn)make a contribution of捐款捐款I(lǐng) made a contribution of $100 to the Famine Relief Fund. 我向救災(zāi)基金會(huì)捐獻(xiàn)了一百元錢(qián)。我向救災(zāi)基金會(huì)捐獻(xiàn)了一百元錢(qián)。 6. and it has become a symbol of the countrys effort t

46、o push nine-year education demanded among all school-age children. 這張照片隨之成為了我國(guó)致力于推動(dòng)這張照片隨之成為了我國(guó)致力于推動(dòng)學(xué)齡兒童九年義務(wù)教育的標(biāo)志。學(xué)齡兒童九年義務(wù)教育的標(biāo)志。（1）to push nine-year education不定不定式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。He is the first student to come to school.(2) symbol 1）n. 象征象征 White is the symbol of purity. 白色是純潔的象征。白色是純潔的象征。 2）記號(hào)；符號(hào)；標(biāo)志）記

47、號(hào)；符號(hào)；標(biāo)志 a chemical symbol 化學(xué)符號(hào)化學(xué)符號(hào) phonetic symbol 音標(biāo)音標(biāo) 3）vt.&vi. 象征；標(biāo)志（象征；標(biāo)志（=symbolize） Rose symbols love.玫瑰象征愛(ài)情。玫瑰象征愛(ài)情。 (3) effort n. 努力；盡力；費(fèi)力努力；盡力；費(fèi)力 1）with effort費(fèi)力地費(fèi)力地 without effort 毫不費(fèi)力地毫不費(fèi)力地 2）put effort into sth.在某方面努力在某方面努力 3）make an effort to do sth.努力做某事努力做某事 4）spare no efforts to do st

48、h. 不遺余力地做某事不遺余力地做某事 5）Its an effort to do sth. 做某事有些費(fèi)力做某事有些費(fèi)力1. 他毫不費(fèi)力地通過(guò)了考試。他毫不費(fèi)力地通過(guò)了考試。2. 他盡力去按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。他盡力去按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。3. 我將不遺余力地去保護(hù)環(huán)境。我將不遺余力地去保護(hù)環(huán)境。4. 要準(zhǔn)時(shí)到會(huì)是有些費(fèi)力。要準(zhǔn)時(shí)到會(huì)是有些費(fèi)力。 He passed the exam without effort.He made an effort to finish the task in time.I will spare no efforts to protect environment.Its an

49、 effort to arrive at the meeting promptly.練習(xí)：漢譯練習(xí)：漢譯英英(4)demand v. 1)demand to do sth.要求做某事要求做某事/demand to be done 要求被作某事要求被作某事 （主語(yǔ)是人而不是物）（主語(yǔ)是人而不是物）. eg.Kelly demanded to see the headmaster she demanded to be told everything about it 她要求知道事情的整個(gè)經(jīng)過(guò)她要求知道事情的整個(gè)經(jīng)過(guò) 2）demand sth. from sb.向某人要求某物向某人要求某物eg.Ye

50、sterday evening, the couple came to my house and demanded help from me 昨天晚上，夫婦倆來(lái)到我家要求我?guī)兔?。昨天晚上，夫婦倆來(lái)到我家要求我?guī)兔Α?)demand +that-clause demand后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)一般要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)一般要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即即should + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形;其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為 should + be +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞,其中其中should可以省略可以省略 eg. All the settlers nearby demanded that the

51、 nightclub (should) be moved away as soon as possible. 附近所有居民都要求那家夜總會(huì)盡早搬走附近所有居民都要求那家夜總會(huì)盡早搬走 The manager demanded that the workers (should) work extra hours to complete the task ahead of time. 經(jīng)理要求工人加班，以提前完成任務(wù)。經(jīng)理要求工人加班，以提前完成任務(wù)。(5)demand n.“要求，需要要求，需要”1）demand for sth.對(duì)某物的要求對(duì)某物的要求eg. The workers deman

52、ds for higher pay and better working condition were turned down.工人們加薪和改善工作條件的要求遭到拒絕工人們加薪和改善工作條件的要求遭到拒絕 2) by popular demand 由于許多人需求由于許多人需求/由于普遍要由于普遍要求求eg .By popular demand,the play will run for another week.3) in demand 非常需要的，受歡迎的，需求量大的非常需要的，受歡迎的，需求量大的eg. Good secretaries are always in demand. 優(yōu)秀的秘

53、書(shū)總是哪里都需要優(yōu)秀的秘書(shū)總是哪里都需要4）on demand 一經(jīng)要求一經(jīng)要求eg.Should you feed your baby on demand, or stick to a timetable ?你是應(yīng)該在寶寶需要的時(shí)候喂食還是堅(jiān)持按照時(shí)間表你是應(yīng)該在寶寶需要的時(shí)候喂食還是堅(jiān)持按照時(shí)間表呢？呢？5）meet/satisfy ones demand 滿足某人的要求滿足某人的要求eg. Im afraid that the supply of this product can hardly meet peoples demand. 恐怕這種產(chǎn)品滿足不了人們的要求恐怕這種產(chǎn)品滿足不了人

54、們的要求7.bring up 1)撫養(yǎng)撫養(yǎng)eg.It was his grandparents who brought up the boy.He was brought up in North Yorkshire. 他是在北約克郡長(zhǎng)大的。他是在北約克郡長(zhǎng)大的。2)教育教育 eg.Wed been brought up to think that borrowing money was bad.我們從小就被教導(dǎo)借錢(qián)是不好的行為。我們從小就被教導(dǎo)借錢(qián)是不好的行為。3)提出提出eg.I never thought he would bring up that matter before so ma

55、ny people.4)嘔吐嘔吐eg. He drank too much and brought up all that he had had at midnight.8. In 1999, she was awarded the national “Star of Hope” by the China Youth Development Foundation, organizer of Project Hope. 1999年，希望工程的組織年，希望工程的組織者者中國(guó)青年發(fā)展基金授予蘇明娟中國(guó)青年發(fā)展基金授予蘇明娟“希望希望之星之星”的稱(chēng)號(hào)。的稱(chēng)號(hào)。(1) the national “Sta

56、r of Hope”是是主語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足主語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)she；organizer of Project Hope為為the China Youth Development Foundation的同位語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)。(2) award的用法的用法 1）vt. 頒獎(jiǎng)，授獎(jiǎng)?lì)C獎(jiǎng)，授獎(jiǎng) Phil was awarded the top prize. 菲爾獲得頭獎(jiǎng)。菲爾獲得頭獎(jiǎng)。 2）n. 獎(jiǎng)獎(jiǎng),獎(jiǎng)品獎(jiǎng)品;獎(jiǎng)狀獎(jiǎng)狀The novel earned him a literary award. 這部長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)為他贏得文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。這部長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)為他贏得文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。 award指正式地或官方地頒發(fā)，授予，指正式地或官方地頒發(fā)，授予，給予；也可以指法庭裁決給予。它指一給予；也可以指法庭裁決給予。它指一種官方的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)行為，往往鼓勵(lì)在工作中種官方的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)行為，往往鼓勵(lì)在工作中達(dá)到成就或所提出的要求而進(jìn)行一種獎(jiǎng)達(dá)到成就或所提出的要求而進(jìn)行一種獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。強(qiáng)調(diào)榮譽(yù)而不在乎獎(jiǎng)品的大小或獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。強(qiáng)調(diào)榮譽(yù)而不在乎獎(jiǎng)品的大小或獎(jiǎng)金的多少。金的多少。在結(jié)構(gòu)上，在結(jié)構(gòu)上，award后可接雙后可接雙賓語(yǔ)；賓語(yǔ)；award sb. sth(通常為獎(jiǎng)金或獎(jiǎng)通常為獎(jiǎng)金或獎(jiǎng)狀狀