賓語補足語講解及練習(xí)講課講稿

1、賓語補足語講解一、定義：賓語補足語通常緊跟在賓語之后，對賓語進(jìn)行補充說明。二、句子結(jié)構(gòu)是：主+謂+賓+賓補三、兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：1.主表型：1) make our country beautiful(adjective)2) call him Lao Li (noun)3) find sb. out(adv.)4) find sb. at home(Prep. phrase)2. 主謂型：1) ask sb. to do sth(. 有 to 不定式)2) have sb. do sth. (無 to 不定式)3) see sb. doing sth. (現(xiàn)在分詞)4) have sth. done.

2、 (過去分詞)四、什么動詞后可有賓語補足語：1. 在表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞后作賓語補足語。這類動詞有：consider, think, believe, discover,fin d, imag ine, judge, suppose, proV 等。這類動詞后的不定式通常 是to be+形容詞或名詞結(jié)構(gòu)，think, consider, find 后的 to be ?？墒÷?。Weconsider him (to be) a good teacher.我們認(rèn)為他是一個好老師。He proved that theory (to be) very important.他證明那個理論是很重要的。I th

3、ought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her. 我第一次見到她的時候就認(rèn)為她人很好，很誠實。2. 在表示情感狀態(tài)的動詞后作賓語補足語。這類動詞有： love, like,prefer, hate, want, wish, expect 等。 Id prefer you to leave him alone.我希望你不要打擾他。I dont want there to be any trouble.我不想有任何麻煩。3. 注意： hope, demand, suggest 等動詞后面不能接不定式作賓語補足語。I hope y

4、ou can give me a hand.我希望你能幫我一把。I wish you to give me a hand.我希望你能幫我一把。He required us to be present at the meeting.他要求我們出席會議。Mr Li suggested that she should not go there alone. 李先生建議她不要獨自去那里。五、可作賓語補足語的形式有： 不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞，名詞，形容，副詞，介詞短語都能作補語。六、 具體說明：（一）副詞作賓語補足語I found him in yesterday.（二）常接形容詞作賓語補足語的動詞

5、有：keep, make, fine 等。如： We must keep our classroom clean.（三）常接名詞作賓語補足語的動詞有：call,name, make, thi n 等。如： We call them mooncakes.（四） 常接動詞-ing 形式作賓語補足語的動詞有：see, watch, hear, find, kee 等。如： In the country, we can hear bires singing.（五） 常接介詞短語作賓語補足語的動詞有：keep, find, leave 等。女口： I left my penon my desk at h

6、ome.（六） 不定式作賓語補足語1. 常接帶 to 的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有： ask, tell, want, teach, wish 等;2. 接不帶 to 的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：see, watch, hear, make, let advise,allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade,permit, rem in d, request, order, warn, caus 等。如：I often see him play footba

7、ll.She often asks me to help her.We dont allow such things to happen again.Most of the parents agree to forbid their children to smoke.She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.Please remind me to leave her this note.She requested him to go with her.3. 用不定式作賓語補足語的幾種說明：1help 后面作賓語補足語的動詞不定式可以帶 t

8、o 也可以不帶 to。如如: I often help mymother（to） do some housework.2在使役動詞后作賓語補足語，不定式不帶 to。有些動詞跟不定式作賓語補足語 時省去了 to，這些動詞有：一感二聽三讓四觀看。一感： feel 二聽： hear, listen to 三讓： let, have, make 四觀看： observe, see, watch,look at這類動詞有：make, let, have 等。轉(zhuǎn)為被動語態(tài)時，其后通常都用帶to 的不定式（have 沒有被動語態(tài)）。 What would you have me do?你要我做什么？She

9、made him give up smoking.她讓他戒了煙。Let him do whatever he wishesto do.他想干什么就讓他干吧。Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his littlesister. 雖然經(jīng)常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他卻被小妹妹弄哭了3. 掌握“使役動詞 have + 賓語過去分詞”的幾種含義在“ have 賓語過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞作賓語補足語， have 也可用 get 。這一結(jié)構(gòu)具有以下幾種含義：1意為“主語請別人做某事” 。例

10、如：He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.他明天想去檢查眼睛。 （“檢查”的動作由醫(yī)生來進(jìn)行）2意為“主語遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不測的事情”。例如：Be careful, or youll have your hands hurt.當(dāng)心，否則會弄傷手的。3意為“使完成某事” ，事情既可以是別人做完，也可以由主語參與完成。 例如：He had the walls painted this morning.他今早把墻漆了。 （主語自己可能參與）4動詞不定式也可作一些短語動詞的賓語補足語。Im waiting for James to arrive.

11、 我正等著詹姆斯的到來。Hes arranged for a car to pick them up at the station. 他已安排了一輛汽車去車站接他們。The UN has called on both sides to observe the cease fire. 聯(lián)合國號召交戰(zhàn)雙方遵守?；饏f(xié)定。（七）分詞作賓語補足語用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補，說明賓語是動作的發(fā)出者， 形成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系； 用過去分詞作賓補, 表示賓語是動作的承受者，構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。1.跟分詞作賓補的動詞有： catch, have get, keep, hear, find, feel, leave, ma

12、ke, want,start, no tice, observe, watch, se 等。例如：There was so much noise that the speaker couldn t make himself heard.由于十分吵鬧，講話人沒法讓人聽到他的聲音。Whe n he awoke, he found himself being looked after by an old woma n.他醒來的時候發(fā)現(xiàn)一位老大娘正在照顧他。2. 幾種用過去分詞作賓語補足語的情況說明：1表示意欲；命令”的動詞如like, want, wish, order 等，可用過去分詞作賓語補足語

13、。例如：The father wants his daughter taught the pia no.這位父親想讓女兒學(xué)鋼琴。2感官動詞 see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find等后，可用過去分詞作賓語補足語。例如：I saw an old man kno cked dow n by a car just now.剛才我看到一位老人被車撞倒了。3使役動詞 have, get, make, leave, keep等后，可用過去分詞作賓語補足語。例如：Have you got your films developed?你拿膠卷去沖洗了沒有？4wi

14、th +賓語+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞with 的賓語補足語。這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。例如：The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied beh ind his back.兇手被帶進(jìn)來了，他的雙手被綁在背后。（表方式）With water heated, we can see the steam.水一被加熱，我們就會看到水蒸氣。（表條件）With the matter settled, we all went home.事情得到解決，我們都回家了。（表原因）賓語補足語練習(xí)題1. The manager di

15、scussed the plan that they would like to see_ the nextyear.(NMET2000)A. carry outB. carry ing out C. carried out D. to carry out2. -There s a hole in your bag- I know, I m going to have it_.A. mend B. mending C. mendedD. to be mended3. Though he had ofte n made his little sister_, today he was made_

16、 by hislittle sister.A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry4. They would not allow him_across the enemy line.A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to goD. risk going5. I found the door_whe n I got home.A. openedB. closeC. uniockingD. open6. The boy wan ted to ride his bi

17、cycle in the street, but his mother told him_.A. not toB. not to doC. not doD. do not to7. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise_.A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on8. With a lot of difficult problems_, the n ewly-elected preside nt is hav ing a hardtime.A. settled B. settling C. to

18、 settle D. being settled9. I advised_ at on ce.A. him to startingB. him to startC. to startingD. to start10. Whe n I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still_ .A. beat B. to be beatingC. beatingD. was beating11. You had better get a doctor_your bad tooth.A. pull out B. to pull outC. pu

19、lled outD. pulling out12. He man aged to make himself_ with his_ En glish.A. understand; breakingB. understand; brokenB. C. understood; breakingD. understood; broken13. The doctor asked him not to leave his wound_ .A. exposeB. exposedC. to exposeD. expos ing14. They are going to have the service man

20、 _ an electric fan in the officetomorrow.15. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute_ .A. being settled B. to be settled C. had settledD. as settled16. You will see this product_ wherever you go.A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertiseD. advertising17. His remark

21、s left me_about his real purpose.A. wonderedB. wonderC. to wonderD. wondering18. Whe n I caught him_me I stopped buying things there and started deali ngwith ano ther shop.A. cheatingB. cheat C. to cheatD. to be cheating19. Though he had ofte n made his little sister_ , today he was made_by hislittl

22、e sister.A. cry; to cryB. crying; crying C. cry; cryD. to cry; cry20. Did you intend us_ the new method?A. using B. to use C. using D. are using21. The teacher en couraged us_good compositi ons.A. Writ ingB. writte n C. to write D. is writ ing22. The boy wan ted to ride his bicycle in the street, bu

23、t his mother told himA. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to23. Mrs. Brow n was much disappo in ted to see the washi ng mach ine she had had_ went wrong aga in.A .itB. it repaired C .repairedD. to be repaired24. With a lot of difficult problems_ , the n ewly elected preside nt is hav ing ah

24、ard time.A .settledB. settli ng C. to settle D. bei ng settled25. With trees, flowers and grass_everywhere, my n ative tow n had take n on anew look.A. pla nti ngB. pla ntedC. to pla ntD .to be pla nted26. She was glad to see her child well_care of.A. in stallB. to i nstall C. to be in stalledD. ins

25、talledA. take B. to be take nC. take nD. tak ing27. The result of the entrance exams was not made _ to the public until lastThursday.A. knowingB. known C. to knowD. to be known28. I can make you _whatI say, but you can t make yourself _ in English.A. sat; to play chessB. sitting; to play chessC. sea

26、ted; playing chess D. seat; play the chess30. John rushed out in a hurry, _ the door_.A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving; unlockingC. left; unlockedD. to leave; unlocking31. We are pleased to see the problem_ so quickly.A. settledB. settling C. be settled32. I could feel the wind _on my face from an op

27、enwindow.A .to blow B .blowingC. to be blowing33._ production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.A. AsB. For C. With D. Through34._ everything _ , she left the supermarket with satisfaction.A. As, buying B. For, to buy C. With, boughtD .Because, to buy35. Don t leave the water _ we

28、hyilou brush your teeth. （天津 2004）A. run B. running C. being run D. to run36. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. put B. to be putting C. to putD. putting37. Laws that punish parents for their little children acstions against the laws get parents.（重慶 2004）A

29、. worried B. to worryC. worryingD. worry38. The teacher asked us _ so much noise. （北京 2003）A. understand; understandC to understand, understand29. He found them _ at a table_B .understand, understoodD. understand;to be understoodD. having been settledD .blownA. don t make B. not make C. not making D

30、. not to make39. An army spokesmanstressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _ clearwarnings before firing any shots. (上海 2003)A. to issueB. being issuedC. to have issued D. to be issued40. Good morning. Can I help you? Id like to have this package _ ,Madame.A. be weighed B. to be weighedC. to

31、weighD. weighed41. Father will not _us to use his recorders.A. have B. let C .agree D. allow42. John was made _the truck for a week as punishment.A .to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing43. The missing boys were last seen _ near the river.A. playingB. to be playing C. play D. to play44. Paul d

32、oesnt have to be made _ .He always works hard.A. learn B. to learn C .learned D. learning45. Seeing the sun _ above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.A. to rise B. to raise C. rising D .raising46. I was disappointed to find his suggestions _ .A been turned down B. turned down C. to b

33、e turned down D. to turn down47. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A. to eat toB. eating notC .not to eat D not eating48. The speaker raised her voice but still couldn t make herself _.A. hear B. hearing C. to hearD. heard49. If you go to Xi an, you ll find the palaces there mor

34、e magnificent than commonly_. A. supposing B. to suppose C. supposed D. suppose50. It s so cold today, we must keep the fire _ .A. to burn B. burning C. burn D. burnt51. The mother was asked _ let her children _ TV every evening;A. not to; watch B. not to; to watch C. not; watchD. not; watching52. They didn t observe her _ in and gaoirusp. stA. come B. came C. to come D. coming53. How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden? (MET93 17)A. to take B. take C. tak ingD. to be tak ing54. I have had my bike _, and I ngoing to