2021屆湖北省武漢市高三下學期英語質量檢測試題

1、2021屆湖北省武漢市高三下學期英語質量檢測試題全卷滿分150分。考試用時120分鐘。注意事項：1. 答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條 形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2. 選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號 涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3, 非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應的答題區(qū)域內。寫在試 卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4, 考試結束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并上交。第二部分 閱讀理解（共20小題,每小題2. 5分，滿分50分） 第一節(jié)（共15小題,每小題2. 5分，滿分

2、37. 5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項A、B、C、D中選出最佳選項。ABuckingham Palace, Hyde Park, St. PauPs Cathedral, the London Eye these are just a few examples of the best of London. If you ever have a chance to tour London, the following are some hotels well worth having a try.The SavoyPerfectly located for the shops of C

3、ovent Garden and the cinemas of Leicester Square, the Savoy was Marilyn Monroe's London hotel of choice. Book one of the hotel's 267 luxury rooms and fully enjoy either elegant Edwardian design or sleek Art Deco design.The Savoy, 2 Savoy Court, Strand, London WC2R OEZ, UK； 44 20 7836 4343Cha

4、rlotte Street HotelSituated in London5 s media neighborhood, this former dental hospital now contains 52 individually designed rooms, with huge, comfortable beds and oak bathrooms, and some rooms have luxuriously high ceilings.Charlotte Street Hotel, 15-17 Charlotte St, Fitzrovia, London WIT 1RJ, UK

5、； 44 20 7806 2000The ArosfaThis reasonably priced townhouse hotel was once the Bloomsbury home of artist John Everett Millais. Ifs close to the British Museum and the shops of Oxford Street. Wi-Fi is available, and full English breakfast is included. The Arosfa has only 15 rooms, so book early.The A

6、rosfa, 83 Gower St, Fitzrovia, London WC1E 6HJ, UK； 44 20 7636 2115The HoxtonThe Hoxton is a hit with budget travelers. In the middle of the capitalJ s most active nightlife area, it could not be better located for the party crowd. The Hoxton has been a big hit since it opened in 2006. The hotePs 21

7、0 rooms have wood floors, large mirrors and industrial details.The Hoxton, Shoreditch, 81 Great Eastern St, London EC2A 3HU England； 44 20 7550 10001. What does The Savoy have to attract guests?A. Movie theaters.B. Fine designs.C. Art galleries.D. English breakfast.2. Which of the following hotels i

8、s probably the smallest?A. The Savoy.B. Charlotte Street Hotel.C. The Arosfa.D. The Hoxton.3. Who will favor The Hoxton?A. Shoppers.B. Celebrities.C. Budget agents.D. Party lovers.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四個倫敦的酒店，描述了它們的特色?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Perfectly located for the shops of Covent Gar

9、den and the cinemas of Leicester Square, the Savoy was Marilyn Monroe's London hotel of choice. Book one of the hotel's 267 luxury rooms and fully enjoy either elegant Edwardian design or sleek Art Deco design.（薩沃伊酒店位于科文特花園的商店和萊斯特廣場的電影院之間，是瑪麗蓮·夢露在倫敦的首選酒店。預訂酒店的267間豪華客房，充分享受典雅的愛德華時代設計或時尚的

10、裝飾藝術設計。）”可知，薩沃伊酒店用精細的設計來吸引客人。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Savoy“267 luxury rooms（267間豪華客房）”；Charlotte Street Hotel“52 individually designed rooms（52個獨立設計的房間）”；The Arosfa“The Arosfa has only 15 rooms, so book early.（Arosfa酒店只有15個房間，所以要提前預定。）”以及The Hoxton“210 rooms（210間客房）”可知，The Arosfa旅館可能是最小的。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理

11、解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“In the middle of the capitalJ s most active nightlife area, it could not be better located for the party crowd.（它位于倫敦最活躍的夜生活區(qū)中部，是聚會人群聚集的最佳地點。）”可知，派對愛好者會很支持The Hoxton。故選D。BBorn Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler Nov. 9, 1914, the Austria native took an early interest in the performing arts, but seem

12、ed equally fascinated with science and engineering. In 1937, she signed a contract with Hollywood's Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studio under the name Hedy Lamarr. Her first film was a great success and soon Lamarr was a household name.During her Hollywood years, Lamarr was known for her knowledge on avi

13、ation （航空） design and theory. But it wasn't until 1942 that Lamarr's innovative thinking inspired a creative invention. In cooperation with composer George Antheil, Lamarr designed a frequency-hopping （跳頻）system that minimized the jamming of radio signals.During World War II, Hedy's moth

14、er was trapped in Vienna. It was hard for Hedy to help her mother to get to America because every American ship was getting blown up by the Nazis. So she worked on inventing a remote controlled torpedo （魚雷）so advanced that it would be able to hunt down and blow up every Nazi submarine in the Atlanti

15、c, thus securing safe passage to the US. To make sure the Nazis couldn't detect the radio signal for her torpedo, she created a "secret communication system" that couldn't be detected.The “ secret communication system" employed changing radio frequencies to prevent enemies fro

16、m interpreting messages. Multiple radio frequencies were used to broadcast a radio signal, which changed frequencies in an apparently random manner. To anyone listening, it would just sound like noise. But the signal would be clear if both the sender and receiver hopped frequencies at the same time.

17、Although the technology was never used in wartime, it ended up playing a critical role in communication methods throughout the decades. Many believe that Lamarr's invention made technology like Wi-Fi, GPS and Bluetooth, as well as devices like cellphones, possible.4. What does the underlined wor

18、ds "the jamming of radio signalsn in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Detecting the radio signals.B. Sending the radio signals.C. Receiving the radio signals.D. Boosting the radio signals.5. What led Lamarr to invent a new communication system?A. Her passion for science.B. Her interest in performing.C.

19、Her contract with a studio.D. Her desire to help her mother out.6. What does paragraph 4 focus on?A. Showing the application of the system.B. Interpreting how the system functioned.C. Stressing the significance of the system.D. Explaining how the system was invented.7. What can we infer about Hedy L

20、amarr from the text?A. She was very ambitious.B. She was a productive actress.C. She was completely devoted to science.D. She contributed to communication technology.【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了海蒂·拉瑪發(fā)明“秘密通信系統(tǒng)”的原因和系統(tǒng)的運作機理，也講述了她對通信技術做出了貢獻?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“To make sure the Nazis

21、could't detect the radio signal for her torpedo, she created a "secret communication system " that couldn't be detected.（為了確保納粹不能探測到她的魚雷的無線電信號，她創(chuàng)造了一個無法被探測到的“秘密通信系統(tǒng)”。）”可推斷，the jamming of radio signals指的是檢測無線電信號。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“It was hard for Hedy to help her mother to get to

22、America because every American ship was getting blown up by the Nazis. So she worked on inventing a remote controlled torpedo （魚雷）so advanced that it would be able to hunt down and blow up every Nazi submarine in the Atlantic, thus securing safe passage to the US.（海蒂很難幫助她的母親去美國，因為每艘美國船都被納粹炸毀了。因此，她致力

23、于發(fā)明一種遙控魚雷，這種魚雷非常先進，可以追蹤并炸毀大西洋上的每一艘納粹潛艇，從而確保通往美國的安全通道。）”可知，是Lamarr想幫助母親擺脫困境的愿望促使她發(fā)明了一種新的通信系統(tǒng)。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“The “ secret communication system" employed changing radio frequencies to prevent enemies from interpreting messages. Multiple radio frequencies were used to broadcast a radio signa

24、l, which changed frequencies in an apparently random manner.（“秘密通信系統(tǒng)”利用改變無線電頻率來阻止敵人解讀信息。多個無線電頻率被用來廣播一個無線電信號，它以一種明顯隨機的方式改變頻率。）”可知，第四段的重點是解釋系統(tǒng)是如何運作的。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Although the technology was never used in wartime, it ended up playing a critical role in communication methods throughout the dec

25、ades. Many believe that Lamarr's invention made technology like Wi-Fi, GPS and Bluetooth, as well as devices like cellphones, possible.（盡管這項技術從未在戰(zhàn)時使用過，但它最終在數(shù)十年的通信方法中發(fā)揮了關鍵作用。許多人認為，拉瑪?shù)陌l(fā)明使Wi-Fi、GPS和藍牙等技術以及手機等設備成為可能。）”可推斷，海蒂·拉瑪對通信技術做出了貢獻。故選D。CKids spend a lot of time looking at screens. And som

26、e parents worry. But a new study argues against the anxiety parents may feel.“Parents are hearing a message that social media, digital technology use is causing very serious and harmful problems like depression, like suicide-related behaviors,” Candice Odgers, professor of psychological science at t

27、he University of California said. “But the idea is that if you shut off social media, you could in fact be making a situation worse. Parents are really being sent a message that is not supported by anything scientifically.”O(jiān)dgers and her colleagues looked at the screen-related behavior of 400 public

28、 school students in North Carolina aged 10 to 14. The researchers found that the kids spent between almost five hours to seven hours per day on their devices. Thats a lot of hours but the researchers didn't find connection between the amount of time that young people spent online using digital t

29、echnologies and mental health signs like depression, or anxiety. They found that young people who sent more text messages actually reported better mental health.This was a small association, but it reflects what other people have found: the people who are very connected offline, who use technology i

30、n the positive ways to stay connected, often are more connected online as well and experiencing better mental health.So why the fears about screen time? Odgers argues that the methods for previous studies may have led to false conclusions. When given a survey, the kids were often asked to recall, ov

31、er the past six months, “How often are you online?” and “Have you ever felt depressed”. And the relation between those two things has been used to spread a lot of fear around the connection between social media use and things like depression, yet 99.5% of the reasons that kids differ in their depres

32、sion is due to something other than the time they spend online.8. The new study is mainly about the relation between _.A. kids, screen time and their eyesightB. kids screen time and their depressionC. social media use and kids mental healthD. Internet environment and kids' mental health9. What d

33、oes Odgers think of the message parents received?A. It misleads people.B. It makes much sense.C. It was confirmed by science.D. It reveals parents, ignorance.10. What kind of kids bear better mental health?A. Kids spending less time online.B. Kids staying unconnected offline.C. Kids shutting off soc

34、ial media.D. Kids positively using digital technology.11. What's the main purpose of the text?A. To present a social phenomenon.B. To challenge a common belief.C. To draw attention to kids, health.D. To encourage more screen time.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。一項新的研究反駁了“社交媒體和數(shù)字技術的使用正在導

35、致青少年抑郁和與自殺相關的行為問題”這一常見觀點，指出父母們實際上收到的信息是沒有任何科學依據(jù)的。文章介紹了這項研究開展的過程以及發(fā)現(xiàn)和意義?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thats a lot of hours but the researchers didn't find connection between the amount of time that young people spent online using digital technologies and mental health signs like depression, or anxiety.(這是一個

36、很長的時間，但研究人員沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)年輕人上網(wǎng)使用數(shù)字技術的時間與抑郁或焦慮等心理健康跡象之間的聯(lián)系)”可知，這項新研究主要是關于社交媒體使用和兒童心理健康之間的關系。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Parents are really being sent a message that is not supported by anything scientifically.(父母們實際上收到的信息是沒有任何科學依據(jù)的)”可知，Odgers認為父母收到的信息誤導了人們。故選A。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“This was a small association, but

37、it reflects what other people have found: the people who are very connected offline, who use technology in the positive ways to stay connected, often are more connected online as well and experiencing better mental health.(這只是一個很小的聯(lián)系，但它反映了其他人的發(fā)現(xiàn)：那些線下聯(lián)系緊密的人，那些積極利用科技保持聯(lián)系的人，通常在網(wǎng)上也更緊密，心理更健康)”可知，積極使用數(shù)字技術

38、的孩子心理更健康。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Kids spend a lot of time looking at screens. And some parents worry. But a new study argues against the anxiety parents may feel. (孩子們花很多時間看屏幕。一些家長對此表示擔心。但一項新的研究反駁了父母們可能感到的焦慮)”結合文章說明了一項新的研究反駁了“社交媒體和數(shù)字技術的使用正在導致青少年抑郁和與自殺相關的行為問題”這一常見觀點，指出父母們實際上收到的信息是沒有任何科學依據(jù)的。文章介紹了這項研究開展

39、的過程以及發(fā)現(xiàn)和意義?？赏浦?，這篇文章的主要目的是挑戰(zhàn)一個常見觀念。故選B。DUpright farming is a hugely promising agricultural technique that aims to produce more food to meet the growing population on our limited planet. Techniques include growing in vertical frames （垂向框架）or even in high-rise farms while moving farms into urban areas,

40、 and producing nutritious crops without topsoil.Vertical farmers plant crops in nutrient-rich water, so plants can be raised without soil. They also grow plants using water from fish tanks, or using nutrient water mist systems that reduce water use by more than 90 per cent, which was a technique dev

41、eloped by NASA as a way for astronauts to grow in space and feed themselves without soil while preserving precious water supplies. All of these soil-less growing techniques use less or no chemicals, and recycle water with less waste. Plants can be sown and harvested year-round, free from bad weather

42、 conditions such as drought or flooding.“ This is the farming of the future，' said Paul Myers, co-founder of vertical farming enterprise Farm Urban. " Chemical-free and moving from the traditional horse and tractor agriculture that is steadily destroying the planet to a more sustainable app

43、roach."The global vertical farming market is expected to be six times bigger in 2026 than it is today. This is fueled in part by rising demand for organic, chemical-free foods, but also by countries looking to increase their food security and cut down on imports the UK for example uses more tha

44、n 70 per cent of its land mass for agriculture but imports more than half of its food.As the vertical farming industry expands, it is worth noting that it has limitations it only works for some crops, and urban locations can be expensive.12. Where will upright farming be popular in the future?A. In

45、cities.B. In plains.C. In deserts.D. In the countryside.13. What do the techniques mentioned in paragraph 2 have in common?A. Waste-free.B. Nutrient-rich.C. Soil-saving.D. Waterproof.14. Why is upright farming promising?A. The trade routes are not secure.B. Organic food is increasingly popular.C. Th

46、e economic benefit is substantial.D. Imports are becoming more difficult.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Upright Farming： How To Save Soil And WaterB. Upright Farming: What To Plant In The New WayC. Vertical Farming: Raising Agricultures PotentialD. Vertical Farming： Lowering Environm

47、ental Impact【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了垂直農業(yè)的特點、好處和發(fā)展前景。12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Techniques include growing in vertical frames （垂向框架）or even in high-rise farms while moving farms into urban areas, and producing nutritious crops without topsoil.（技術包括在垂直框架甚至高層農場中種植，同時將農場轉移到城市地區(qū)，以及生產無表土的營

48、養(yǎng)作物。）”可知，垂直農業(yè)未來會在城市流行。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Vertical farmers plant crops in nutrient-rich water, so plants can be raised without soil.（垂直種植的農民在營養(yǎng)豐富的水中種植作物，所以植物可以在沒有土壤的情況下生長。）”可知，第二段中提到的技術共同點是節(jié)省土壤。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“This is fueled in part by rising demand for organic, chemical-free foods, but

49、also by countries looking to increase their food security and cut down on imports the UK for example uses more than 70 per cent of its land mass for agriculture but imports more than half of its food.（這是有機部分受到了不斷增長的需求，不含化學物的食物，但是也由國家尋求提高糧食安全和減少進口例如使用超過英國農業(yè)中國陸地總面積的70%，但進口的一半以上的食物。）”可推斷，直立農業(yè)有前途的原因是有機食

50、品越來越受歡迎。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Upright farming is a hugely promising agricultural technique that aims to produce more food to meet the growing population on our limited planet.（直立農業(yè)是一種非常有前景的農業(yè)技術，旨在生產更多的糧食，以滿足我們有限的地球上不斷增長的人口。）”以及倒數(shù)第二段“The global vertical farming market is expected to be six times big

51、ger in 2026 than it is today.（預計到2026年，全球垂直農業(yè)市場的規(guī)模將是現(xiàn)在的六倍。）”及全文可知，本文主要是講述垂直農業(yè)在農業(yè)上的發(fā)展?jié)摿?。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2. 5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項 為多余選項。How to Choose the Right University Degree for YouChoosing the right university degree is perhaps one of the biggest decisions that you QI ma

52、ke in your life. If you are in the process of applying to university and aren't sure which degree to opt for, here are some things you can do to help you make the right choice._16_Many teens who are in the process of applying to university end up being pressured by parents or other family member

53、s to apply to study subjects that they are good at but don't really enjoy. _17_Remember, it's always easier to improve your knowledge and skills around a certain subject if you are truly passionate about it.Get some work experienceThere's nothing like actually experiencing something to h

54、elp you determine what you might want to do. _18_But you may be able to spend a day in the office or workplace shadowing people who work in those careers and asking them questions.Think about your future goalsWhen you think about your future goals, don't just think about the work that you want t

55、o be doing consider the other goals that you have for your life as well. _19_If so, a career as an English teacher or a translator might be the perfect option for you. Perhaps you want a job where you can help others every day；medicine, nursing or counselling could be an ideal choice. _20_Then degre

56、es in film, art, and architecture are great choices.A. Consider what you like.B. Do you want to travel a lot?C. You don't have to be employed.D. Think about what youre good at.E. Maybe you want to have many fans.F. Try not to let others push this on you.G. Maybe youre a very creative person.【答案】

57、16. A 17. F 18. C 19. B 20. G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何選擇專業(yè)的三個辦法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文“you are truly passionate about it（對某一學科充滿熱情）”可知，本段建議選擇自己的專業(yè)可以考慮自己的愛好。A選項“Consider what you like.”（考慮你喜歡什么。）符合題意，故選A。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Many teens who are in the process of applying to university end up being pressured by parents or

58、other family members to apply to study subjects that they are good at but don't really enjoy.（許多青少年在申請大學的過程中，最終受到父母或其他家庭成員的壓力，申請學習他們擅長但并不喜歡的科目。）”可知，我們選擇自己的專業(yè)要遵從自己的內心，不要受其他人的影響。F選項“Try not to let others push this on you.”（不要讓別人把這件事推給你。）符合題意，故選F。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“There's nothing like actually experiencing something to help you determine what you might want to do.（沒有什么比親身體驗更能幫助你決定你想要做什么了。）”以及下文“But you may be able to spend a day in the office or workplace shadowing people who work in those careers and asking them que