2019-2020同步譯林英語必修一新突破講義：Unit+2+Section+ⅣLanguage+

1、2019-2020 同步譯林英語必修一新突破講義：Unit+2+Section+IV Language+points （n） +（Word+powerGrammar+and+usage+&+Task）和答案Section IV Language points（n ）（Wordpower, Grammar and usage & Task）語言基礎(chǔ)自III匚高頻詞匯必會(huì)口I .單詞拼寫根據(jù)漢語或首字母提示，寫出下列單詞。1. We do not have the freedom自 由）to do just what we like.2. Fruit juice does harm

2、（ffi害）to children's teeth.3. You looked worried（擔(dān)心、的）.What's the matter?4. We insisted on him coming to the meeting.5. The thing has been handled successfully.6. Boys' wearing long hair is forbidden in our school.H .拓展詞匯根據(jù)詞性和漢語提示，寫出下列單詞。1. argue v.辯論，爭論一 argumentn.爭吵，辯論；論點(diǎn)，論據(jù)2. patient a

3、dj.有而寸心的f patiencen.而寸心3. annoyvt.使生氣，惱火-annoyedadj.憤怒的:生氣的一 annoying adj.令人生 氣的，使人惱火的m .補(bǔ)全短語根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語。1. stay up不睡覺，熬夜2. after all畢竟3. mix up混淆，弄亂；攪勻，拌和4. insist on堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為5. at present現(xiàn)在IV .選詞填空選用上述短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Sometimes he is mixed up with his brother for they are twins.2. They stayed up all nigh

4、t discussing questions.3. I don't want to go to Shanghai for further education at present4. He insisted on going alone by himself.l經(jīng)典句式必背二背教材原句記句式結(jié)構(gòu)仿寫促落實(shí)1.I hate it when that happens我討厭發(fā)生這事！it是形式賓語，when that happens是真正 的賓語。Everyone hates it when people smoke in public places.每個(gè)人都討厭在公共場所 吸煙。2.Som

5、etimes he actsas if he doesn't love us at all.有時(shí)他表現(xiàn)得好像一點(diǎn)也不愛我 們。as if ”似乎,好 像"，引導(dǎo)狀語 從句。The girl stood at the door as if she was waiting for someone.女孩站在門口，似乎在等 人。3.Also , every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.而且，每次我看DVD的時(shí)候，他 就打發(fā)我上床睡覺或告訴我要多 花些時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)

6、。every time "每次”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間 狀語從句。Every time we make mistakes in our homework, we will correct them in time.每次我們?cè)谧鳂I(yè)中出錯(cuò) 時(shí)，我們總是將其立即改 正?？谌壑攸c(diǎn)詞匯-Sta stay up不睡覺，熬夜（教材 P34）I studied a lot yesterday andstayed upvery late. 昨天我學(xué)了很多，熬夜到很晚。-17 - / 13stay away from遠(yuǎn)離，不接近（某人）stay behind留下來stay in待在家里，不外出stay on繼續(xù)留

7、下來工作/學(xué)習(xí)stay out待在外面，不在家 Many girls prefer to stay in during the weekend.在周末很多女孩更愿意待在家里。 He resigned as chairman but stayed onas an instructor.他辭去了主席職務(wù)，但留下來做指導(dǎo)。3)The doctor told him to stay away from fat food.醫(yī)生告訴他不要吃油膩的食品® Anybody who hasn't passed the exam is to stay behind after school.凡是

8、考試沒及格的人放學(xué)后留下來。handle vt處理；應(yīng)付 n.把手，柄(教材 P34)I don't know how to handle this.我不知道如何應(yīng)對(duì)這件事(1)handle oneself handle well/badly (2)get a handle on sth.控制自己（的行為）容易/不容易操縱開始掌握/了解某事The car handles well even on wet roads.這輛汽車很好開，即使在濕滑的路上也沒問題You must know how to handle yourself(you)in this business.你必須知道在這件

9、事上該如何把握自己。 It's difficult to get a handle on how widespread this problem is.很難了解這個(gè)問題的普遍程度mix up混淆，弄亂；攪勻，拌和(教材 P34)Miss Xu made an error andmixed up my results with someone else's!徐老師出了差錯(cuò)，把我的成績和別人的弄混了。(1)mix sth.with sth.mix with sth.把某物與某物混合起來與某物相融合mixup with.把和 搞混了mixtogether把拌在起(2)mixture

10、n.混合；混合物First mix the butter and sugatogether, then add the milk.先把黃油和糖攪拌勻，然后加牛奶。We can sometimes mix business with pleasure.我們有時(shí)能把工作和娛樂結(jié)合起來。As we know, oil does not mix with water.眾所周知，油不溶于水。 It is three months before our class becomes a mixture(mix)of youth and joyE 個(gè) 月之后我們班成為了一個(gè)充滿了朝氣和快樂的綜合體。名師點(diǎn)津m

11、ix up中的up為副詞，當(dāng)其賓語是代詞時(shí)，代詞須放在mix和up的中間。mix up是“v.+up”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語。我們學(xué)過類似結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞短語還有：放棄上升長大趕快 give up go up grow up hurry upput up建立，張貼turn up調(diào)大；出現(xiàn)insistvi.堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為(教材 P35)Recently, he has been refusing to do his homework and insteadinsists on wasting his time watching DVDs and listening to foreign music.最近，他一

12、直拒絕做家庭作業(yè)，并且一直把時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在看DVD和聽外國音樂(1)insist vi.堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為；堅(jiān)決要求，堅(jiān)決主張insist on/upon doing sth堅(jiān)持做/堅(jiān)決做某事(2)insist作“堅(jiān)持要求，堅(jiān)決主張”講時(shí)，其賓語從句中謂語要用虛擬語氣， 即“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”；作“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說”時(shí)，從句謂語用陳述語氣。 If you insist on leaving now, please go ahead.如果你現(xiàn)在一定要走，那就請(qǐng)便吧。 He insisted that hehadn't done anything wrong and that heS h

13、oul。be set free 他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為他沒有做錯(cuò)任何事并且堅(jiān)決要求釋放他。 He insisted that we (should)attend(attend)the lecture.他堅(jiān)持要求我們參加這次講座。 She insisted that he was(be)wrong.她堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為他錯(cuò)了。名師點(diǎn)津(1)suggest也有相似的用法。意為“表明，暗示”時(shí)，后面的從句用陳述語氣;意為“建議”時(shí)，后面的從句用虛擬語氣(2)后面的從句用虛擬語氣的動(dòng)詞有：一堅(jiān)持insist;二命令order, command;三建議 advise, suggest propose；四要求 demand,

14、require, request, ask。(教材 P35)At present to prevent upsetting his mother with an argument Iam allowing him his freedom®在，為了避免爭吵使他的媽媽難過，我允許他自由。(1)at the present time for the present up to the present (2)present n.adj.vt.(1)at present現(xiàn)在，目前(相當(dāng)于 now)目前，現(xiàn)在暫時(shí)，眼下(相當(dāng)于 for the time being)至今(相當(dāng)于so far)禮物

15、，現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在的；出席的，到場的呈現(xiàn)；送禮；贈(zèng)送present sb.with sth. present sth.to sb.呈現(xiàn)給某人某物，贈(zèng)予某人某物 Let's stop doing it for the present讓我們暫時(shí)停一下工作吧。 They presentedflowers to their teachers on the Teachers' Day.=They presentedtheir teacherswith flowers on the Teachers' Day.在教師節(jié)他們向老師送了花。 Up to the present we'v

16、e had no news about him.我們至今還沒有他的消息。 I am busy at .the present time can I phone you later?我現(xiàn)在正忙著，晚些時(shí)候我打電話給你行嗎？名師點(diǎn)津presentadj.表示“出席的，到場的” “存在的”時(shí)在句中主要用作表語，用作 定語，一般須后置。表示“現(xiàn)在的，目前的，現(xiàn)行的” “正在處理或討論中的” 時(shí)只用作前置定語(2)argument n.爭吵，辯論；論點(diǎn)，論據(jù)(1)have an argument with sb.about/over sth.因某事而與某人發(fā)生爭吵或爭論get into an argum

17、ent with sb.與某人發(fā)生爭吵或爭論beyond argument無可爭辯(2)argue v.爭吵；爭論；說理；論證；說服argue with sb.about/over sth.因而與爭吵argue for/against(doing) sth.為支持或反對(duì)(做)某事而辯論argue o/out of doing sth.說服某人做或不做某事 I had an argument with my friend about a math problem.我和朋友因?yàn)橐坏罃?shù)學(xué)題而爭論了起來。Mary and her husband are always arguing abo

18、ut/over how to handle their children.瑪麗和她丈夫總是在如何對(duì)待孩子上爭吵。 He argued me into joining(join) in the party.他說服我參加聚會(huì)。 They argued wjlh each other_about the best place for a holiday.他們彼此爭論關(guān)于度假的最好的地方。語境助記He argued against smoking, and insisted that it was beyond argument that smokingwas harmful to health.At

19、 last, he argued us out of smokin g他反對(duì)吸煙，并且堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為吸煙有害健康是無可爭辯的。最后，他說服我們 不再吸煙了。worried adj.擔(dān)心的，擔(dān)憂的(教材 P35)However,I am worried that if I keep allowing him to do what he wants, he may fail at school, or worse.然而，我擔(dān)心的是，如果一直讓他去做他想做的事，他在學(xué)?？赡軙?huì)不及格, 甚至更糟。be worried about(1),，擔(dān)心be worried that.(2)worry v.擔(dān)心，為發(fā)愁

20、；(使)困擾，(使)煩惱n.煩惱，憂慮；令人憂傷的人(事)worry about擔(dān)心(3)worrying adj.令人擔(dān)憂的 People are becoming increasingly worried about pollution.人們對(duì)污染變得越來越憂慮。The way ahead is full of ups and downs but that doesn'tworry us.前進(jìn)的道路并不平坦，但是我們不怕。 I don't think you need to worry about this.我認(rèn)為你不必為這事?lián)摹?It is the most worry

21、ing(worry)day he has ever spent.那是他曾經(jīng)度過的最令人擔(dān)憂的一天。名師點(diǎn)津 worried與worrying的區(qū)別worried修飾人、人的聲音、表情等，在句中作定語、表語、補(bǔ)語等；而worrying則意為“令人焦慮的，令人擔(dān)心的”，修飾物harm vt&n.傷害(教材 P35)How can I help my son without harming our relationship?我如何才能幫助我的兒子而又不傷害我們的關(guān)系呢？(1) harm sb./sth 尸 do harm to sb./sth.對(duì)某人/物造成損害，損害某人/物(2)harmf

22、ul adj.有害的，導(dǎo)致?lián)p害的be harmful to.對(duì)有害(3)harmlessadj.無害的 Staying up constantly canharm your health.=Staying up constantly cando harm to your health.=Staying up constantly canbe harmful to your health.經(jīng)常熬夜有損健康。The harmful(harm)chemicals build up in our bodies and one day they will do harm to our health.這些

23、有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)在我們的身體里逐漸積累，最后它們會(huì)對(duì)我們的健康造 成傷害。明辨異同 harm/injure/hurt/wound多指給人的精神、健康等帶來損害或引起不安、不便多指意外事故帶來傷害、使受傷；還可指傷害名譽(yù)、 自尊等一般用詞，可指傷害精神、肉體、感情等，還可表 示身體部位的“疼、痛”多指在戰(zhàn)爭、搏斗中用武器傷害身體某部位wound卜達(dá)福 1自空 harm, injure, hurt, wound He may look rude, but he means no harm I was deeply hurt by what he said just now. He injured h

24、imself in the car accident last week. He was wounded in the arm during the war.patiencen.而寸心(教材 P36)With a little bit of patience and communication, many of these problemscan be solved.多一點(diǎn)耐心與交流，很多問題都會(huì)迎刃而解。(1)with patience耐心地lose/run out of patience with sb.對(duì)某人失去耐心have (little/no) patience with sb.對(duì)某

25、人（沒）有耐心have the patience to do sth.有耐心去做某事(2)patient adj.耐心的n.病人be patient with.對(duì)有耐心(3)patiently adv.耐心地 You should have patience withchildren.對(duì)待兒童要有耐心。©Whenever we have trouble with our studies our teachers help usoatiently.無論 何時(shí)我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)上遇到困難，我們的老師都耐心幫助我們。This matter has to be handled with patien

26、ce.這種事必須耐心地加以處理 I wouldn't have the patience to sit(sit) reading all day.我可沒有耐心整天坐著閱讀。語境助記Weshould take care of our patients w ith patience that is, we should be patientw ith them我們應(yīng)該耐心地照顧病人，也就是說，我們應(yīng)該對(duì)他們有耐心annoyedadj.憤怒的，生氣的（教材 P37）My father gets annoyedif I play foreign music.如果我聽國外音樂，我父親就會(huì)很生氣。

27、(1)be annoyed with sb.生某人的氣be annoyed at/about sth.對(duì)某事惱火be annoyed to do sth.因做杲事而惱火be annoyed that.因而生氣annoy vt.使惱怒，使生氣annoying adj.令人討厭的，惱人的 I'm very much annoyed aboutwhat I heard.聽到的事讓我很生氣。2) He was annoyed withhis son because he didn't devote himself to his stu制生兒子的氣因?yàn)樗粚Ｐ膶W(xué)習(xí)3)He was ann

28、oyed to find(find)himself going red.他因?yàn)榘l(fā)現(xiàn)自己臉紅而惱火 He may be naughty and annoying(annoy) but he is a good boy for all that.盡管他淘氣又惹人討厭，但他還是一個(gè)好孩子。打碼看ttiftfOr forbid vt.(forbade, forbidden)禁止!(教材 P37)He even forbids me from chatting with my friends in the 回 Internet cafe!他甚至禁止我在網(wǎng)吧與朋友聊天！禁止某人做某事禁止做某事禁止某人某事

29、from doing sth. forbid sb. ,to do sth.forbid doing sth.forbid sb.sth. My doctor has forbidden me sugar.醫(yī)生禁止我吃糖。 Women in the old days were forbidden from taking part in or even watching the games.古代禁止婦女參加甚至觀看比賽。The new law forbids smoking(smoke)in offices.新規(guī)定禁止在辦公室抽煙。The teacher forbade us to leave(

30、leave) our seats.老師不準(zhǔn)我們離開座位。名師點(diǎn)津forbid后接名詞、代詞及動(dòng)名詞作賓語，但是不接不定式作賓語，不定式可以作賓語補(bǔ)足語.突破重點(diǎn)句式口口（教材 P35）Sometimes he acts as if he doesn't love us at all.有時(shí)他表現(xiàn)得好像一點(diǎn)也不愛我們?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】 as if（ = as though） “似乎，好像”，在句中引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。as if/though的具體用法如下：（1）當(dāng)as if/though跟在be/feel/look/seem/sound等系動(dòng)詞之后時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的是表語 從句。（2）如果as if/t

31、hough引導(dǎo)的從句描述的情況是真實(shí)的，則從句用陳述語氣；如 果從句的內(nèi)容是不真實(shí)的，則從句用虛擬語氣。若從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況，從句用一般過去時(shí)（be動(dòng)詞用were）；若從句表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況，從句用過去完成時(shí)；若表示與將來事實(shí)相反的情況，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用 would/could/might +動(dòng)詞原 It looks as if/though it'sgoing to rain.看起來，天要下雨了。 He likes to talk big as if he were an important person.他老愛說大話，就仿佛他是一位重要人物似的。 He talks a

32、bout Rome as if he had been(be)there before說起羅馬來好像他以 前去過那里似的。 I remember the whole thing as if/though it happened (happen)yesterday.我記得整個(gè)事情，就好像它是發(fā)生在昨天一樣(教材 P37)Also, every time I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me tospend more time studying.而且，每次我看DVD的時(shí)候，他就打發(fā)我上床睡覺或告訴我要多花些時(shí)間學(xué) 習(xí)?！疽c(diǎn)提煉】 every t

33、ime用作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。each time每次）,（the） next time（T次）,any time（隨時(shí)），（the） last time（±次）, the巾rst time（第一次）等名詞詞組皆可作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。Each time I meet him, he always tries to borrow money from me.每當(dāng)我遇到他，他總企圖向我借錢。 I'll tell him about it the next time I see him.我下一次見到他時(shí)，就把這個(gè)情況告訴他。 You can call me any time you want to.你隨時(shí)都可以給我打電話。The first(one)time I met him , he was playing basketball.我第一次見他時(shí)，他 正在打籃球。名師點(diǎn)津every time, each time, an