初中英語講義(教案)：初二英語時態(tài)講解一般過去時

1、初中英語講義(教案)：-初二英語-時態(tài)講解-一般過去時一般過去時.、導入孩子弄的大人沒脾氣兒子問老公：張飛他媽姓什么？老公：不知道。兒子：笨，姓吳，無事生非(吳氏生飛)都不知道。兒子再問：張飛他爸姓什么？老公思索半天，猛拍腦門：姓惹，惹事生非！ 兒子狂笑：笨死了！姓張！你不跟你爸姓呀。(1)專題講解一般過去時1、定義：一般過去時表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用；也可表示過去習慣性或經(jīng)常性的動作和行為。2、時間狀語： yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning , just now , a mom

2、entago ,two days ago , last night / year / week , before 11:00 , in the past , at that time 等3、使用情況：(1)表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。I got up at 7:00 yesterday.我昨天 7 點起床。(2)表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作。He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他總是乘公交車去上班。4.一般現(xiàn)在時的結構及句型變化結構：一般現(xiàn)在時的結構主要有三種形式：(1)、結構一(謂語動詞為be動詞時)肯定句： 主語 +be(was

3、, were)+其它.(注：am,is 一was, are 一were否定句：主語 +be+not+其它.一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它？e.g. I was late yesterday.I was not late yesterday.Were you late yesterday?Yes, I was.No, I wasnt.e.g. They were in Bei jing last year.They weren t in Bei jing last yearWere they in Bei jing last year ?Yes, they were.No, they weren

4、tam 和is 在般過去時中變?yōu)?was。 (was not=wasn t)are在一般過去日中變?yōu)?were。(were not=weren t)(2)、結構二(謂語動詞為情態(tài)動詞時)(注意：情態(tài)動詞 can , may , have to 等等。)肯定句：主語+情態(tài)動詞過去式+動詞原形+其它.否定句：主語+情態(tài)動詞過去式+not+動詞原形+其它.一般疑問句：情態(tài)動詞過去式 +主語+動詞原形+其它？E.g. The old man could swim 30 years ago.The old man couldn t swim 30 years ago.Could the old man

5、swim 30 years ago?Yes, he could.No, he couldn t.常用情態(tài)動詞過去式如下：can could （能，會）maymight （可以）have to had to （不得不）shallshould （將要）用于第一人稱單數(shù)will would （將要）用于所有人稱(3)、結構三(謂語動詞為實義動詞時)肯定句：主語+動詞過去式+其它.否定句：主語+ didn t +動詞原形+其它.一般疑問句：Did+主語+動詞原形+其它？E.g. Li Ming studied English this morning.Li Ming didnt study Engli

6、sh this morning.Did Li Ming study English this morning ?Yes, he did.No, he didnt.注：1.謂語動詞為實義動詞時，變否定句和去時不分人稱和單復數(shù)，都是加E.g. We often played tennis in the past.We didnt often play tennis in the past.Did you often play tennis in the past?Yes, we did.No, we didnt.一般疑問句一律找助動詞did來幫忙（過did 或 did not）2 .前面出現(xiàn)了助動

7、詞，后面的動詞一律用原形3 .變一般疑問句時，一問一答的關系當中,第一人稱和第二人稱要相互交施5.一般過去時的特殊疑問句：結構：特殊疑問詞+ 一般疑問句？特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其它?弋二特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+其它？E.g. Where were you last night ?What did Jim do yesterday?Where did you walk to yesterday ?How did you find the job?6、動詞的過去式1、動詞過去式的規(guī)則變化(1)、一般詞尾加-edstay-stayedask - asked(2)、以e結尾的

8、只加-dhope-hopedhelp - helped look-lookedlove - lovedlivef livedwatch - watched(3)、末尾三個字母以“輔+元+輔”結尾，且為重讀閉音節(jié)，應雙寫末尾的輔音dance - danced4 / 10字母，再加-edStop- stoppedplan- planneddrop - droppedbeg - begged(4)、輔音字母+y”尾，變y為i,再加-edcarry - carriedstudy - studiedhurry - hurried2、動詞過去式的不規(guī)則變化(見書后表格)7、口訣：動詞一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)

9、生事；be 用 was 或用 were, have,has 變 had;謂語動詞過去式，過去時間作標志；一般動詞加-ed,若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡單，主語之后didn 添；疑問句也不難，did放在主語前；如果謂語之前有did,謂語動詞需還原;動詞若是was,were,否定就把not添。(2)變式練習、寫出下列動詞的過去式isamflyplantaredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkickpassdo、用be動詞的適當形式填空。1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yester

10、day.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this year.6. Look, there lots of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today the second of June. Yesterday the first of June. It Childr en s Day.All the students very excited

11、.初中英語講義（教案）：-初二英語-時態(tài)講解-一般過去時四、鞏固練習一、句型變換。1、There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：一般疑問句：肯定回答：否定回答：2 They played football on the playground.否定句：一般疑問句：肯定回答：否定回答：二、用所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father (read) a newspaper last night.3. We to the zoo yesterday, Tom to

12、the park. (go)4. you (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. he (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he .6. Gao Shan (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. What she (find) in the garden last morning?She (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It (be) Be

13、n birthday last Friday10. We all (have) a good time last night.拓展訓練、句型轉換。1、Lucy did her homework at home.(改否定句)Lucy her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge (冰箱).(變一般疑問句)he meat in the fridge?3、She stayed there for a week.(對劃線部分提問) she there?4、There was some orange in the cup.(變一般疑問句

14、) there orange in the cup?、單項選擇：1. My father ill yesterday .A . isntB. arentC. wasntD. werent2. your parents at home last week ?A. IsB. WasC. AreD. Were3. The twinsin Dalian last year.Theyhere now.A . are; wereB. were; areC. was; areD. were; was4. your father at work the day yesterday (前 大)？A . Was;

15、 before B . Is; before5. Who was on duty last Friday ?C. was; areD. were; wasA . I amB. I wasC. Yes, I wasD . No, I wasnt三、用所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. Don t the house. Mum it yesterday. (clean)2. What you just now? I some housework. (do)(pick)3. They (make) a kite a week ago.4. I want to apples. But my dad all

16、of them last month.5. he the flowers this morning? Yes, he . (water)6. She (be) a pretty girl. Look, she (do) Chinese dances.7. The students often (draw) some pictures in the art room.家庭作業(yè)、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式、過夫式形式go enjoybuy eatget walktake dancewrite runswim findbegin eatplay study、用所給詞的適當形式填空。1. Tom

17、and Mary(come) to China last month.2. Mike(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night.So he(get) up late.3. Mary(read) English yesterday morning.4. Tom(begin) to learn Chinese last year.5. My mother(not do) housework yesterday.6. There a telephone call for you just now. (be)7. -When you(come) to chin

18、a? -Last year.8. (be) it cold in your city yesterday?9. How many people(be) there in your class last term?10. There(be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I(have) no time to watch it.初中英語不規(guī)則動詞表1.AAA動詞原形過去式過去分詞cost k ?stcost k ?stcost k ?st花費cutk?tcut k ?tcut k ?t割，切hurth?：thurth ?：thurth?

19、：t受傷hithithithithit hit打，撞letletletletlet let讓putputput putput put放下read ri：dread ri：dread ri：d讀set setset setset set安排，安置spread spredspread spredspread spred展開，傳播，涂spitspitspit/spat spitspit/spat spit吐痰，shut ?tshut?tshut ?t關上，閉起，停止營業(yè)7 / 10初中英語講義(教案)：-初二英語-時態(tài)講解-一般過去時2.ABB動詞原形過去式 過去分詞beat bi：tbeat bi

20、：tbeaten bi：tn 打敗3.ABA動詞原形過去式過去分詞become bik ?mbecame bikeimbecome bik ?m變come k?mcame keimcome k?m來run r?nran r? nrunr?n跑4.ABB(1)在動詞原形后加一個輔音字母d, t或ed構成過去式或過去分詞。動詞原形過去式過去分詞burn b?:nburnt b?:ntburnt b?:nt燃燒deal di:ldealt deltdealt delt解決dream dri:mdreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt dremt做夢hear hi?heard h ?:

21、dheard h ?:d聽見hang h?hanged/ hung h ?hanged/hung絞夕匕，懸掛learn l?:nlearned/learnt l?:ntlearned/learnt l?:nt學習light laitlit/lighted litlit/lighted lit點燃，照亮mean mi:nmeant mentmeant ment意思provepru:vprovedproven/proved pru:v ?n證明，證實，試驗shine ?ainshone/shinedshone/shined ?un, ?n使照耀，使發(fā)光show ?ushowedshowed/sho

22、wn ?un展示，給看smell smelsmelled/smelt smeltsmelled/smelt smelt聞，嗅speed spi:dspedsped/speededsped/speeded sped加速spell spelspelled/spelt speltspelled/spelt spelt拼寫wake weikwaked/woke w?ukwaked/woken w?uk?n醒來，叫醒，激發(fā)(2)把動詞原形的最后一個輔音字母“曲為t構成過去式或過去分詞。動詞原形過去式過去分詞build bildbuilt biltbuilt bilt建筑lend lendlent len

23、tlent lent借給rebuild ,ri:bildrebuilt ,ri:biltrebuilt ,ri:bilt改建，重建send sendsent sentsent sent送spend spendspent spentspent spent花費(3)原形 一ought ought動詞原形過去式過去分詞bring bri?brought br?:tbrought br?:t帶來buy baibought b?:tbought b?:t買fight faitfought f ?:tfought f?:t打架think e i?kthought 此tthought mt思考，想(4) 原

24、形-aught faught動詞原形過去式過去分詞catch k? t?caught k?:tcaught k?:t捉，抓teach ti:t ?taught t ?:ttaught t ?:t教(5)變其中一個元音字母動詞原形過去式過去分詞dig di dug d?4dug d?4掘(土),挖(洞、溝等)feed fi：dfed fedfed fed喂find faindfoundfound發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到get getgotg?tgot/gotten g?t?n得到hold h?uldheld heldheld held擁后，握住，支持lead li:dled ledled led引導，帶領，領

25、導meet mi:tmet metmet met遇見sit sitsat s? tsats? t坐shoot ?u:tshot?tshot?t射擊spit spitspit/spat sp? tspit/spat sp? t吐痰，stick stikstuck st ?kstuck st ?k插進，刺入，粘住，win winwon w?nwon w ?n贏(6)原形 一 口1即如一 口即血動詞原形過去式過去分詞feel fi:lfelt feltfelt felt感到keep ki:pkept keptkept kept保持leave li:vleft leftleftleft離開sleep

26、sli:pslept sleptslept slept睡覺sweep swi:pswept sweptswept swept掃(7)其它動詞原形過去式過去分詞lay leilaid leidlaid leid卜蛋，放置pay peipaid peidpaid peid付say seisaid sedsaid sed說stand st? ndstood studstood stud站understandunderstood ,?nd ?st? ndunderstood , ?nd ?st? nd明白lose lu:zlost l?st, l ?:stlost l ?st, l ?:st失去hav

27、e h ?vhad h? d, h ?d, ?dhad h? d, h ?d, ?d有make meikmade meidmade meid制造sell selsold s?uldsold s?uld賣tell teltold t?uldtold t ?uld告訴retell ,ri:telretold ,ri:t ?uldretold ,ri:t ?uld重講，重復，復 述5.ABC (1) 原形 過去式 原形 +(e)n動詞原形過去式過去分詞blow bl ?ublew blu:blown吹drive draiv drove dr ?uvdriven driv ?n駕駛draw dr?:d

28、rew dru:drawn dr ?:n畫畫eat i:tate et,eiteaten i:t ?n吃fallf?:lFellfel fallen f ?:l?n落卜give gvgave 里ivgiven gv?n給9 / 10初中英語講義（教案）：-初二英語-時態(tài)講解-一般過去時grow cr?ugrew 叫:grown cr?un生長forgive f ? civforgot f ? g?tforgiven原諒，饒恕know n ?uknew nju:, nu:known知道m(xù)istake misteikmistook mistukmistooken弄錯；誤解，overeat ?uv?i:toverate ,?uv?reitovereaten（使）吃過量provepru:vprovedproven/proved證明，證實，試驗take teiktook tuktaken teikn, teik ?n拿t