人教版九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)單詞,短語(yǔ),句型,語(yǔ)法總結(jié)

1、Unit1 How can we become good learners?【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1. have conversation with sb.  同某人談話2. tooto  太而不能3. the secret to  的秘訣4. be afraid of doing sth./ be afraid to do sth.  害怕做某事5. look up  查閱6. repeat out loud  大聲跟讀7. make mistakes in  在方面犯錯(cuò)誤8. connect with   把和

2、連接/聯(lián)系起來(lái)9. get bored  感到厭煩10. be stressed out  焦慮不安的11. pay attention to  注意；關(guān)注12. depend on  取決于；依靠13. the ability to do sth.  做某事的能力【考點(diǎn)詳解】1. by + doing 通過(guò)方式（by是介詞，后面要跟動(dòng)名詞，也就是動(dòng)詞的ing形式）2. talk about 談?wù)?，議論，討論The students often talk about movie after class. 學(xué)生們常常在課后討論電影。talk to

3、 sb= talk with sb 與某人說(shuō)話3. 提建議的句子：What/ how about +doing sth.?  做怎么樣？（about后面要用動(dòng)詞的ing形式，這一點(diǎn)考試考的比較多）如：What/ How about going shopping?Why don't you + do sth.?   你為什么不做？如：Why don't you go shopping?Why not + do sth. ?   為什么不做？如：Why not go shopping?Let's + do sth. 讓我們做

4、.吧。如： Let's go shoppingShall we/I + do sth.?  我們/我.好嗎？如：Shall we/I go shopping?4. a lot 許多，常用于句末。如：I eat a lot.  我吃了許多。5. tooto. 太.而不能 常用的句型：too+形容詞/副詞+ to do sth.如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想說(shuō)。6. aloud, loud與loudly的用法，三個(gè)詞都與“大聲”或“響亮”有關(guān)。aloud是副詞，通常放在動(dòng)詞之后。loud可作形容詞

5、或副詞。用作副詞時(shí)，常與speak, talk, laugh等動(dòng)詞連用，多用于比較級(jí)，須放在動(dòng)詞之后。如：She told us to speak a little louder. 她讓我們說(shuō)大聲一點(diǎn)。loudly是副詞，與loud同義，有時(shí)兩者可替換使用，可位于動(dòng)詞之前或之后。如：He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不當(dāng)眾大聲談笑。7. notat all 一點(diǎn)也不，根本不如：I like milk very much, but I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜歡牛奶，但是我一點(diǎn)也不喜

6、歡咖啡。not經(jīng)?？梢院椭鷦?dòng)詞結(jié)合在一起，at all 則放在句尾。8. be/get excited about sth.  對(duì).感到興奮9. end up doing sth 終止做某事，結(jié)束做某事如：The party ended up singing. 晚會(huì)以唱歌而結(jié)束。 end up with sth. 以結(jié)束（注意介詞with）如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚會(huì)以她的歌唱而告終。10. first of all 首先（這個(gè)短語(yǔ)可用在作文中，使得文章有層次）11.  also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中間e

7、ither 也（用于否定句）常在句末too  也 （用于肯定句）常在句末  （它們?nèi)齻€(gè)的區(qū)分要清楚，尤其要知道用在什么句子中以及各自的位置）12. make mistakes 犯錯(cuò)     如：I often make mistakes. 我經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò)。make a mistake 犯一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤    如：I have made a mistake. 我已經(jīng)犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。13. laugh at sb.  笑話；取笑（某人）（常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)）如：Don't laugh at me!  不

8、要取笑我！14. take notes 做筆記，做記錄15. enjoy doing sth . 喜歡做，樂(lè)意做（這是一個(gè)非常重要的考點(diǎn)）    如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜歡踢足球。enjoy oneself  過(guò)得愉快    如：He enjoyed himself. 他過(guò)得愉快。16. native speaker 說(shuō)本族語(yǔ)的人17. make up 組成、構(gòu)成18. one of +（the+ 形容詞最高級(jí)）+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式 : 其中之一（這一題主要考兩點(diǎn)，一是最高級(jí)，一是名詞復(fù)數(shù)

9、，大家做題的時(shí)候要小心）如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受歡迎的教師之一。19. It's +形容詞+（for sb. ） to do sth （對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)）做某事如：It's difficult （for me ） to study English. 對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)太難了。句中的it 是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是to study English。20. practice doing 練習(xí)做某事 （practice后面接動(dòng)名詞，這一點(diǎn)有可能考到）如：She often practice speaking Engli

10、sh. 她經(jīng)常練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。21. decide to do sth. 決定做某事（重要考點(diǎn)，大家需要記住decide后面跟的是不定式，也就是to do）  如：LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已經(jīng)決定去北京。22. unless 如果不，除非，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句如：You will fail unless you work hard. 假如你不努力你就會(huì)失敗。23. deal with 處理    如：I dealt with a lot of problem.24. worry about sb./ sth.

11、 擔(dān)心某人/某事如：Mother worried about his son just now. 媽媽剛才擔(dān)心他的兒子。25. be angry with sb. 對(duì)某人生氣26. perhaps = maybe 也許27. go by （時(shí)間） 過(guò)去 .   如：Two years went by. 兩年過(guò)去了。28.  see sb / sth doing 看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事（如果是看到正在做什么，要用動(dòng)詞ing形式，考的較多的也是動(dòng)詞ing形式）如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她看見(jiàn)他正在

12、教室里畫(huà)畫(huà)。29. each other 彼此30. regard as ；把.看作為.      如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 這些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。31. too many 許多，修飾可數(shù)名詞   如：too many girlstoo much 許多，修飾不可數(shù)名詞   如：too much milk（要區(qū)分too many 和 too much只要記住它們修飾什么詞就可以了）much too 太，修飾形容詞    如：muc

13、h too beautiful（too much和much too意思不同，大家不要混淆它們的意思，這種單詞容易出解析題）32.changeinto  將變?yōu)?3. with the help of sb. = with one's help  在某人的幫助下（注意介詞of和with，容易出題）如：with the help of LiLei = with LiLei's help 在李雷的幫助下34. compareto 把比作.（另外，大家要注意另一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，compare.with.，這也是一個(gè)重要的短語(yǔ)，意思是：拿和比較）35. instead 代替

14、用在句末，副詞instead of sth/doing sth 代替，而不是 （這個(gè)地方考的較多的就是instead of doing sth，也是就說(shuō)如果of后面跟動(dòng)詞，要用動(dòng)名詞形式，也就是動(dòng)詞的ing形式）如：I will go instead of you. 我將代替你去。Unit2 I think that moon cakes are delicious!【短語(yǔ)歸納】1. the Lantern Festival 元宵節(jié)              2.

15、the Dragon Boat Festival 端午節(jié)3. the Water Festival 潑水節(jié)4. be fun to watch 看著很有意思5. eat five meals a day 一天吃五餐6. put on five pounds 體重增加了五磅7. in two weeks 兩星期之后8. be similar to. 與.相似17. end up最終成為;最后處于18. share sth. with sb. 與分享  19. as a result 結(jié)果20. dress up 喬裝打扮21. haunted house 鬼屋22. call out

16、 大聲呼喊                 23. remind sb. of  使某人想起24. sound like  聽(tīng)起來(lái)像25. treat sb. with. 用/以對(duì)待某人26. the beginning of new life 新生命的開(kāi)始【考點(diǎn)詳解】1. What + a(n) + 形容詞 + 可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他）！  多么的!2. How + 形容詞/副詞（

17、+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他）！ 多么!3. be going to 將要/打算4. in + 時(shí)間段 在后5. give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 給某人某物；把某物給某人6. plan to do sth.  計(jì)劃做某事7. refuse to do sth.  拒絕做某事8. one of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式  之一【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】一. 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。三大考點(diǎn)：引導(dǎo)詞、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)序。其中，語(yǔ)序必須是陳述句語(yǔ)序。1. 常由下面的一些詞引導(dǎo)：由that 引導(dǎo)，表示陳述意義，that可省略He says (that) h

18、e is at home. 他說(shuō)他在家里。由if , whether引導(dǎo)，表示一般疑問(wèn)意義(帶有是否、已否、對(duì)否等)I dont know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韋華是否喜歡魚(yú)。由連接代詞、連接副詞(疑問(wèn)詞) 引導(dǎo)，表示特殊疑問(wèn)意義Do you know what he wants to buy?  你知道他想要買(mǎi)什么嗎？2. 從句時(shí)態(tài)要與主句一致當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)情況使用任何時(shí)態(tài)當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句應(yīng)使用過(guò)去某時(shí)態(tài)(一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí))He said (that) he was at ho

19、me. 他說(shuō)他在家里。I didnt know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wanted to know if I had finished m homework. 她想要知道我是否已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè)。Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他將會(huì)什么時(shí)候回來(lái)？二. 感嘆句感嘆句是表達(dá)喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)以及驚奇、驚訝等強(qiáng)烈感情的句子。感嘆句通常由 what 或 how 引導(dǎo)?，F(xiàn)分述如下：1. 由 what 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，其句子結(jié)構(gòu)可分為以下三種：可用句型：“ What + a/an 形容詞可數(shù)名詞單

20、數(shù)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+ 其他！”。如：What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的禮物??！可用句型：“ What 形容詞可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+ 其他！”。如：What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！可用句型：“ What 形容詞不可數(shù)名詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+ 其他！”。如：What fine weather it is today! 今天天氣多好?。?. 由 how 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，其句子結(jié)構(gòu)也分為三種：可用句型：“ How 形容詞 / 副詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+ 其他！”。如：How careful she is! 她多么細(xì)心啊！   &

21、#160;     How fast he runs! 他跑得多快??！可用句型：“ How 形容詞 a/an 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)！”。如：How beautiful a girl she is! 她是個(gè)多么漂亮的姑娘啊！可用句型：“ How主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)！”。如：How time flies! 光陰似箭！3. 由 what 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句與由 how 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句有時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)換，但句中部分單詞的順序要有所變化。如：How beautiful a girl she is! What a beautiful girl she is!What de

22、licious cakes these are! How delicious these cakes are!Unit3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?【重要短語(yǔ)】1. used to do sth. 過(guò)去常常做某事                   2. be afraid of 害怕3. from time to time 時(shí)常；有時(shí)4. tu

23、rn red 變紅5. take up 開(kāi)始做，從事，占據(jù)（時(shí)間、空間）6. deal with 對(duì)付；應(yīng)付7. notany more 不再8. tons of attention 很多關(guān)注9. worry about 擔(dān)心10. be careful 當(dāng)心11. hang out 閑逛12. give up 放棄13. thank about 考慮14. a very small number of 極少數(shù)的15. be alone 獨(dú)處16. give a speech 做演講【考點(diǎn)詳解】1. 問(wèn)路常用的句子：Do you know where is ?Can you tell me h

24、ow can I get to ？Could you tell me how to get to ？Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth.  表示十分客氣地詢(xún)問(wèn)事情Could you tell me how to get to the park?  請(qǐng)你告訴我怎么才能去郵局好嗎？上面句子中的how to get to the park是疑問(wèn)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式連用，用作賓語(yǔ)，但不是賓語(yǔ)從句（這一點(diǎn)要搞清楚，它不是賓語(yǔ)從句），相當(dāng)于how I can get to the park（賓語(yǔ)從句）I don't know how

25、 to solve the problem=I don't know how I can solve the problem.  我不知道如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題Can you tell me when to leave? =Can you tell me when I will leave?   你能告訴我什么時(shí)候離開(kāi)？2. 日常交際用語(yǔ)：take the elevator / escalator to the floor 乘電梯/自動(dòng)扶梯到樓turn left / right = take a left / right  向左/ 右轉(zhuǎn)go strai

26、ght  向前直走（straight這個(gè)詞經(jīng)?？迹?. next to 旁邊、緊接著（常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)）Lily is next to Ann.  莉莉就在安的旁邊。4. betweenand 在和之間Lily is between Ann and Tom. 莉莉就在安和湯姆的之間。5. Is that a good place to hang out?  那是不是一個(gè)閑蕩的好地方？上面句子中的to hang out修飾前面的名詞place，是不定式作定語(yǔ)。6. expensive 貴的    反義詞：inexpensive 不貴的7. cr

27、owded 擁擠的  反義詞：uncrowded 不擁擠的8. take a vacation = go on a vacation 去度假9. dress up 打扮     dress up as 打扮成He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas. 他想要打扮成圣誕老人。10. on the beach  在海灘上，介詞用 on11. depend on  根據(jù)、依靠、依賴(lài)、取決于Living things depend on the sunlight. 生物對(duì)陽(yáng)光有依賴(lài)性。Tha

28、t depends on how you did it. 那取決于你怎樣做這件事。12. prefer 動(dòng)詞，更喜歡、寧愿，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：prefer sth. 更喜歡某事  I prefer English. 我更喜歡英語(yǔ)。prefer doing/to do 寧愿做某事I prefer sitting/ to sit.我寧愿坐著。prefer sth to sth. 同相比更喜歡  I prefer dogs to cats. 與貓相比我更喜歡狗。prefer doing sth to doing sth 寧愿做某事而不愿做某事I prefer walking to s

29、itting. 我寧愿走路也不愿坐著。prefer to do sth rather than do sth 寧愿做某事而不愿做某事I prefer to work rather than be free. 我寧愿工作而不愿閑著。（我再次強(qiáng)調(diào)一下，prefer的用法真的很重要，這不是開(kāi)玩笑）13. on the other hand  另一方面（一方面：on one hand. 對(duì)于這樣的短語(yǔ)大家完全可以放在作文中，這樣可以使文章增色不少）14. 把借給某人：lend sb. sth. =  lend sth to sb.（反義詞：borrow.from.）Lily len

30、t me her book = Lily lent her book to me . 莉莉把她的書(shū)借給了我。15. I'm sorry to do sth. 對(duì)做某事我覺(jué)得很抱歉、傷心。16. in a way 在某種程度說(shuō)17. in order to do srh  為了， 表目的。He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他起早床，是為了趕上頭班公共汽車(chē)。18. 同級(jí)比較：asas.as + 形容詞/副詞原級(jí) + as , 表示“和一樣的”He works as hard as we. 他工作和我們同樣努力?！局攸c(diǎn)

31、語(yǔ)法】賓語(yǔ)從句（見(jiàn)Unit2重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法部分）Unit4 I used to be afraid of the dark.【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1. be more interested in  對(duì)更感興趣  2. on the swim team  游泳隊(duì)的隊(duì)員3. be terrified of 害怕4. gym class 體操課5. worry about 擔(dān)心6. all the time 一直，總是7. chat with  與閑聊8. hardly ever  幾乎從不9. walk to school = go to sc

32、hool on foot 步行去上學(xué)take the bus to school = go to school by bus  乘車(chē)去上學(xué)10. as well as  不僅而且.【考點(diǎn)詳解】1. used to do sth. 過(guò)去常常做某事 (這個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)考的很多，大家要注意這個(gè)短語(yǔ)的意思，還要記著used后面用的是不定式to do)如：He used to play football after school.  放學(xué)后他過(guò)去常常踢足球。2. play the piano  彈鋼琴（play后面如果跟西洋樂(lè)器，大家記住，中間要加the，如果

33、是中國(guó)樂(lè)器，不加the，如：play erhu）3. be interested in sth. 對(duì)感興趣be interested in doing sth. 對(duì)做感興趣(對(duì)于這兩個(gè)用法大家一定要掌握，切記切記)如：He is interested in math, but he isn't interested in speaking English. 他對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)感興趣，但是他對(duì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)不感興趣。4. interested adj. 感興趣的，指人對(duì)某事物感興趣，往往主語(yǔ)是人interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主語(yǔ)往往是物（對(duì)于interested和inte

34、resting要區(qū)分清楚，一個(gè)主語(yǔ)往往是人，一個(gè)主語(yǔ)往往是物）5. be terrified of sth. 害怕  如：I am terrified of the dog.be terrified of doing sth. 害怕做  如：I am terrified of speaking.6. spend  動(dòng)詞，表示“花費(fèi)金錢(qián)、時(shí)間”（spend和pay for它們的主語(yǔ)都是人，這一點(diǎn)大家要清楚）spendon sth.  在某事上花費(fèi)（金錢(qián)、時(shí)間）（重要考點(diǎn)）spend（in）doing sth.  花費(fèi)（金錢(qián)、時(shí)間）去做某事 （重要

35、考點(diǎn)，尤其要注意動(dòng)名詞，也就是動(dòng)詞的ing形式）        如：He spends too much time on clothes. 他花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間在衣著上。He spend 3 months (in) building the bridge.  他花費(fèi)了三個(gè)月去建這座橋。7. take : 動(dòng)詞 ,有“花費(fèi)時(shí)間”的意思，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：It takes sb to do sth. 做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間（在這個(gè)用法中，主語(yǔ)經(jīng)常是it，這一點(diǎn)要清楚，大家仔細(xì)看一下下面的例子）。  

36、0; 如：It takes me a day to read the book.8. chat with sb. 與某人閑聊       如：I like to chat with him. 我喜歡和他聊天。9. worry about sb./sth.  擔(dān)心某人/某事 , worry 是動(dòng)詞be worried about sb./sth.  擔(dān)心某人/某事 , worried 是形容詞如：Don't worry about him. 不用擔(dān)心他。Mother is worried about

37、 her son. 媽媽擔(dān)心他的兒子。10. all the time 一直，始終11. take sb. to + 地方  送/帶某人去某個(gè)地方     如：A person took him to the hospital. 一個(gè)人把他送到了醫(yī)院。12. hardly  adv. 幾乎不、沒(méi)有。 hardly 修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，通常放在助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，如：I can hardly understand them.  我?guī)缀醪荒軌蛎靼姿麄?。I hardly have time to do it.  

38、我?guī)缀鯖](méi)有時(shí)間去做了。13. in the last few years. 在過(guò)去的幾年內(nèi)，常與完成時(shí)連用   如：I have lived in China in the last few years. 在過(guò)去的幾年內(nèi)我在中國(guó)住。14. be different from 與.不同（常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)，考的最多的是它的意思，大家只需要記住它的意思，做題的時(shí)候具體問(wèn)題再具體分析即可）15. 不定式與疑問(wèn)詞連用：動(dòng)詞不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)。   如：The question

39、 is when to start.  問(wèn)題是什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始。I don't know where to go.  我不知道去哪。16. make sb./sth. + 形容詞  make you happymake sb./sth. + 動(dòng)詞原形 make him laugh17. move to +地方  搬到某地 如：I moved to Beijing last year.18. it seems that +從句 看起來(lái)好像  （重要考點(diǎn)）      如：It seems tha

40、t he has changed a lot. 看起來(lái)他好像變了許多。19.  help sb. with sth. 在某方面幫助某人（注意介詞with，在某方面幫助要用這個(gè)介詞）help sb（to）do sth. 幫某人做某事（to經(jīng)常省略）She helped me with English. 她幫助我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。She helped me（to）study English. 她幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。20. fifteen-year-old 作形容詞 ,15歲的（有一點(diǎn)要提醒大家，中間的year用的是單數(shù)）如：a fifteen-year-old boy 一個(gè)15歲的男孩fifteen

41、years old 指年齡，15歲。    21. can't afford to do sth. 支付不起can't afford sth. 支付不起如：I can't afford to buy the car.=I can't afford the car.  我買(mǎi)不起這個(gè)輛小車(chē)。22. as + 形容詞/副詞+ as sb+could/can  盡某人所能      如：Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她盡她最快的能力

42、去跑。23. get into trouble with  遇到麻煩24. in the end  最后25. make a decision ：下決定，下決心26. to one's surprise ：令某人驚訝（往往出現(xiàn)在完型中，讓我們填surprise）     如：to their surprise 令他們驚訝      to LiLei's surprise 令李雷驚訝27. take pride in sth. 以而自豪    

43、; 如：His father always take pride in him.  他的爸爸總是以他而自豪28. pay attention to sth. 對(duì)注意，留心      如：You must pay attention to your friend. 你應(yīng)該多注意你的朋友。29. be able to do sth. 能夠，有能力做某事      如：She is able to do it. 她能夠做到。30. give up doing sth. 放棄做某事（

44、注意up后面用的是動(dòng)詞的ing形式）     如：My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已經(jīng)放棄吸煙了。31. 不再  no more =no longer      如：I play tennis no more.我不再打網(wǎng)球。not any more = not any longer 如：I don't play tennis any longer. 我不再打網(wǎng)球?！局攸c(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】反意疑問(wèn)句反義疑問(wèn)句遵循這樣一個(gè)原則，前肯定后否定，前否定后肯定。1. 肯定

45、陳述句+否定提問(wèn)  如：Lily is a student, isn't she?2. 否定陳述句+肯定提問(wèn)  如：She doesn't come from China, does she?3. 提問(wèn)部分用代詞而不用名詞  如：Lily is a student, isn't she?4. 陳述句中含有否定意義的詞  如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等，其反意疑問(wèn)句用肯定式（對(duì)于第四點(diǎn)大家不要忽視，尤其是列舉的這幾個(gè)詞，出題的時(shí)候經(jīng)常遇到，對(duì)于下面的兩個(gè)例子大家要仔細(xì)看一下，要把這個(gè)知識(shí)

46、點(diǎn)徹底搞懂）。   如：He knows little English, does he?  他一點(diǎn)也不懂英語(yǔ)，不是嗎？They hardly understood it, did they?  他們幾乎不明白，不是嗎？5. 反意疑問(wèn)句的陳述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意義的前綴構(gòu)成的詞語(yǔ)時(shí)，陳述部分要視為肯定含義，問(wèn)句部分用否定形式。如：Your father is unhappy, isn't he?The man is dishonest, isn't he?It is impossible to le

47、arn English without remembering more words, isn't it?Unit5 What are the shirts made of?【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1. be made of 由制造       2. be made in 在制造3. environmental protection 環(huán)境保護(hù)4. be famous for 以而著名5. be produced in 在生產(chǎn)6. be known for 以聞名7. as far as I know 據(jù)我所知8. pick by hand

48、 手工采摘9. send for 發(fā)送10. avoid doing sth 避免做某事11. everyday things 日用品【考點(diǎn)詳解】1. made of  由制（構(gòu)）成，后接構(gòu)成某物質(zhì)的原料。例：This skirt is made of silk.這件裙子是用絲綢制成的。be made of/from/up of的區(qū)別（1）be made of 表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么，保留原材料的質(zhì)和形狀，制作過(guò)程僅發(fā)生物理變化。例：The kite is made of paper風(fēng)箏是用紙做的。（2）be made from 表示制成的東西完全失去了原材料的外形或特

49、征，或原材料在制作過(guò)程中發(fā)生化學(xué)變化，在成品中已無(wú)法辨認(rèn)。例：The paper is made from wood紙是木頭做的。Butter is made from milk. 黃油是從牛奶中提煉出來(lái)的。（3）be made up of 用構(gòu)成或組成的，指人、物皆可，指結(jié)構(gòu)成分。例：Our class is made up of six groups. 我們班是由六個(gè)小組組成的。2. It seems that many people all over the world drink Chinese tea.好像全世界的許多人都在喝中國(guó)茶。句型“It seems that”意為“看起來(lái)好像

50、/似乎”，其中seem是連系動(dòng)詞，意為“似乎；好像”，句型中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，不能用其他代詞來(lái)替代。例：It seems that he was late for the train. 看來(lái)他沒(méi)趕上火車(chē)。seem的幾種常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）seem to do sth此句型可與“It seems that”轉(zhuǎn)換。例：They seem to find the way to the cinema. =It seems that they find the way to the cinema.他們似乎找到了去電影院的路了。（2）seem+形容詞例：My temperature seems (to be)

51、 all right. 我的體溫看上去正常了。（3）seem+名詞例： That seems not a bad idea. 看上去主意不錯(cuò)。3. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing in factory.當(dāng)茶葉成熟時(shí)，就被用手工采摘然后送到工廠加工。此句是由when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，are picked, are sent都是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。例：When the fruit are ready, they are picked and are sent

52、 to the market for sale.當(dāng)這些水果成熟后就被摘下來(lái)并送到市場(chǎng)上賣(mài)掉。4. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.無(wú)論你買(mǎi)什么，你都可能認(rèn)為那些產(chǎn)品是在那些國(guó)家生產(chǎn)的。此句為由"no matter +特殊疑問(wèn)詞"引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。意為“無(wú)論.”，相當(dāng)于whatever。例：No matter what I said to her, she still didnt believe me.無(wú)論我對(duì)她說(shuō)什么，她仍然不相信我

53、。5. find out, 查出，找到。例：The police are trying to find out where the boy got off the train.警察正在查找這個(gè)男孩是從哪下的火車(chē)。find，find out和look for都含有“尋找、找到”的意思，但其含義和用法卻不同。 find意為“找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)”，通常指找到或發(fā)現(xiàn)具體的東西，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是找的結(jié)果。Will you find mea pen? 你替我找支鋼筆好嗎？   look for意為“尋找”，是有目的地找，強(qiáng)調(diào)“尋找”這一動(dòng)作。例：Im looking for my pen everywhere.

54、 我正到處找我的鋼筆。He is looking for his shoes. 他在找他的鞋子。 find out意為“找出、發(fā)現(xiàn)、查明”，多指通過(guò)調(diào)查、尋問(wèn)、打聽(tīng)、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”，通常含有“經(jīng)過(guò)困難曲折”的含義，指找出較難找到的、無(wú)形的、抽象的東西。例：Please find out when the train leaves. 請(qǐng)查一下火車(chē)什么時(shí)候離站。   Read this passage，and find out the answer to this question.【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一. 概念理解1. 時(shí)態(tài)：在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言中，時(shí)態(tài)主要討論

55、行為動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間。如：He often helps me with my English. 他經(jīng)常幫助我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。（help這個(gè)動(dòng)作經(jīng)常發(fā)生often；故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）2. 語(yǔ)態(tài)：在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言中，語(yǔ)態(tài)主要討論句子主語(yǔ)與行為動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系。語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者(執(zhí)行者)為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如： The tall boy often hits his classmates （主語(yǔ)boy是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hit的發(fā)出者）。 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的接受者（承受者）為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。漢語(yǔ)中常用“被”、“給”、“由”、“受”等詞用來(lái)表示被動(dòng)，而英語(yǔ)用：助動(dòng)詞be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成如： Chinese

56、is spoken by the most people in the world（主語(yǔ)Chinese是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞speak的承受者）。3. 語(yǔ)態(tài)與時(shí)態(tài)的關(guān)系：在任何一個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子中都同時(shí)存在語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)，他們是分析一個(gè)英語(yǔ)句子的兩個(gè)主要元素。如： He is looking after his sister at home. （此句為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)） He is being looked after well by his parents. （此句為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)）二. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)最基本的句型結(jié)構(gòu)： be +及物動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞說(shuō)明： be 有時(shí)態(tài)，人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的謂語(yǔ)

57、動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞；因?yàn)楸粍?dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，某些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，也可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。三. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的使用1. 當(dāng)不知道或沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，這時(shí)往往不用by 短語(yǔ)。     Mr. White, the cup with mixture was broken after class. (只是告訴老師杯子壞了，不知是誰(shuí)弄壞的，或不想說(shuō)出誰(shuí)弄壞的)。2. 突出或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，如果需要說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，用by 短語(yǔ)。如：T

58、he cup was broken by Paul.四. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的變法： 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)之間如何轉(zhuǎn)換1. 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。2. 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的be + 過(guò)去分詞，時(shí)態(tài)要與原句保持一致。3. 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語(yǔ)，放在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)里謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后，by 短語(yǔ)可以省略。如果原句主語(yǔ)是地點(diǎn)名詞，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中用in + 地點(diǎn)名詞作狀語(yǔ)。五. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：am /is/ are +done如：Tea is grown in Hangzhou. 杭州種植茶葉。Unit6 When was it invented?  

59、                          【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1. by accident  偶然地；意外地2. without doubt  毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的；的確3. by mistake  錯(cuò)誤地4. look up to  欽佩；仰慕5. take place  發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)6. all

60、 of a sudden  突然；猛地7. divideinto  把分成.8. the Olympics  奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)9. the style of  的樣式10. be used for  被用于【考點(diǎn)詳解】1. invent  v. 發(fā)明        inventor  n. 發(fā)明家       invention  n. 發(fā)明2. be used for doing 用來(lái)做

61、（是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）（這個(gè)短語(yǔ)的考點(diǎn)有兩點(diǎn)，一是used for的意思，二是for后面用動(dòng)名詞）Pens are used for writing. 筆是用來(lái)寫(xiě)的。3. 給某人某樣?xùn)|西  give sth. to sb.     I gave a pen to him. 我給他一支筆。    give sb. sth.I gave him a pen. 我給他一支筆。4. all day 整天5. salty  adj. 咸的  salt  n. 鹽6. by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地（犯錯(cuò)：make mistake，這些常見(jiàn)的短語(yǔ)大家務(wù)必要掌握）I took the umbrella by mistake. 我不小心拿錯(cuò)了雨傘。8. by accident 意外，偶然（常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)，考的最多的是它的意思）I met her by accident at bus stop. 我在公共汽車(chē)站意外地見(jiàn)到了她。9. notuntil 直到才（重中之重，這個(gè)用法非常重要?。㊣ didn't go to bed until I finished my work. 我直到完成我的工作才去睡覺(jué)。10. according