英語翻譯證考試試題

1、2006年5月人事部三級筆譯真題第一部分 英譯漢 大家網(wǎng) 1 / 21Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle. In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil,

2、at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year."It is practically all ice - permafrost - and it is thawing." For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditio

3、ns rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catas

4、trophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy ind

5、ustry.are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.In Finnmark, Norway's northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a sno

6、wmobile herding them.A changing Arctic is felt there, too. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on

7、the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance. And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer tem

8、peratures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat."The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns," said Mr. Eira, sitting

9、 inside his home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it."2 / 21 錯(cuò)誤！未指定書簽。 TopSA push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries itsown rewards and dan

10、gers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was un

11、touched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.第二部分 漢譯英維護(hù)世界和平，促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展，謀求合作共贏，是各國人民的共同愿望，也是不可抗拒的當(dāng)今時(shí)代潮流。中國高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作的旗幟，堅(jiān)持走和平發(fā)展道路，與世界各國一道，共同致力于建設(shè)一個(gè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。中國與世界從未像今天這樣緊密相連。中國政府把中國人民的根本利益與各國人民的共同利益結(jié)合起來，堅(jiān)持奉行防御性的國防政策

12、。中國的國防服從和服務(wù)于國家發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和安全戰(zhàn)略，旨在維護(hù)國家安 段，中國把科學(xué)發(fā)展觀作為國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)的重要指導(dǎo)方針，積極推進(jìn)中國特色軍事變革，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。2006年11月人事部三級筆譯真題第一部分 英譯漢Faced with growing evidence that avian influenza is spreading in birds, the World Health Organization on Wednesday signed an agreement with the Swiss pharmaceutical company Roche Hol

13、ding to build up its stockpile of medicines in case of a pandemic in humans.Under the agreement, Roche will reserve three million treatments of its Tamiflu antiviral medicine for use by the UN agency in case of a worldwide human pandemic of avian flu."It's just enough to deal with an initia

14、l outbreak," said Jong-Wook Lee, director-general of the WHO. "But clearly this is not enough to deal with a full pandemic."The agency says only 57 people in Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand and Cambodia have died, mainly from contact with infected birds. The virus has killed millions of

15、chickens and led to preventive culling across Asia since late 2003.Sustained human-to-human infection has not yet been recorded.But the World Health Organization warns that bird flu, which first appeared in Hong Kong in 1997, could mutate genetically, making it easier for humans to catch and transmi

16、t the disease among themselves.Signs the disease has spread recently to birds in Siberia and Kazakhstan are adding to concerns, the WHO says.A panel of European Union experts will convene Thursday in Brussels to discuss measures to prevent the spread of bird deaths to European poultry.When asked whe

17、ther he thought a widespread outbreak in humans was imminent, Lee said: "We don't know Roche declined to give figures for its stockpiles of Tamiflu.A spokeswoman for the company, Martina Rupp, said it took from 12 to 18 months to deliver the drug after an order was placed- a relatively long

18、 time due to a complicated production process.第二部分 漢譯英年來，中國堅(jiān)定不移地推進(jìn)改革開放，社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制初步建立，開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)形成，社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力和綜合國力不斷增強(qiáng)，各項(xiàng)社會(huì)事業(yè)全面發(fā)展，人民生活總體上實(shí)現(xiàn)了由溫飽到小康的歷史性跨越。從1978年至年的年間，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)年均增長。年前，中國年國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值為億美元，去年已達(dá)到多億美元。年前，中國年進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易總額為億美元，去年已達(dá)到億美元。年前，中國外匯儲(chǔ)備為億美元，去年已達(dá)到億美元。目前，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)總量居世界第六，進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易總額居世界第四。中國之所以能夠發(fā)生這樣巨大的變化，最關(guān)鍵的原因是我們始終堅(jiān)

19、持走中國特色社會(huì)主義道路，始終堅(jiān)持改革開放，激發(fā)了全體人民的積極性、主動(dòng)性、創(chuàng)造性。4 / 21 錯(cuò)誤！未指定書簽。 TopS中國雖然取得了很大的發(fā)展成就，但中國人口多，底子薄，生產(chǎn)力不發(fā)達(dá)，發(fā)展很不平衡，生態(tài)環(huán)境、自然資源與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的矛盾比較突出。雖然中國人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值已經(jīng)突破美元，但仍排在世界一百位以后。中國要實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化，使全體人民都過上富裕生活，還需要進(jìn)行長期不懈的艱苦奮斗。 我們已經(jīng)明確了本世紀(jì)頭年的奮斗目標(biāo)，這就是全面建設(shè)惠及十幾億人口的更高水平的小康社會(huì)，到年實(shí)現(xiàn)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比年翻兩番，達(dá)到萬億美元，人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值達(dá)到美元，使經(jīng)濟(jì)更加發(fā)展、民主更加健全、科教更加進(jìn)步、文化更

20、加繁榮、社會(huì)更加和諧、人民生活更加殷實(shí)。2007年5月人事部三級筆譯真題第一部分 英譯漢It took nine years from the time the Danish and Swedish governments agreed to build a fixed link between their countries to the time the first car, train, truck and bicyclists crossed the Oresund Bridge.Construction of the bridge, including design and corn

21、erstone, began in March 1991 and was completed in July road and rail bridge in the world. At approximately 10 miles (16 tunnel, it is an But as time has proven, the minimalism has contributed greatly to the development of the Oresund region: the eastern part of Denmark, including Copenhagen, and the

22、 southwestern part of Sweden, including Malmö and Lund.The level of commuting between Malmö and Copenhagen has quadrupled since the opening of the bridge in 2000, and the number of Danes moving to the south of Sweden has increased sixfold. The Oresund region has become a cultural and econo

23、mic powerhouse, considered a model region by the European Union.Work on the bridge began in 1995, and was undertaken by a team of international consulting and construction companies.When it opened in July 2000, the Oresund Bridge consisted of a 3.5-kilometer immersed tunnel, the largest of its kind

24、in the world, a 4-kilometer long artificial island (made from mud dug out from the bottom of strait to make space for the tunnel) and a 7.8-kilometer cable-stayed bridge, the worlds longest bridge including both a highway and a railroad.Though just half of the total construction, the actual bridge s

25、pan, is visible above water, the overall architecture was designed to please the eye from both the Danish and Swedish sides of the strait.The four 204-meter (670 feet) tall pillars carrying the bridge have a simple Scandinavian design. To drivers and passengers crossing the bridge, the pillars provi

26、de a visual, as well as actual, impression of stability and calm. The two-level structure is made of steel and concrete. Along tile two approach bridges, tracks are piaced in concrete troughs that turn into steel decks on the bridge. The bridges upper deck carries cars and trucks, while the lower de

27、ck accommodates the railroad. The four pillars are grounded in giant cement boxes placed at the bottom of the strait, about 18 meters below sea level.Last 13,600 traffic Throughout the construction process, the Danish and Swedish environmental agencies have surveyed but found no changes in the wildl

28、ife, birds, fish and vegetation surrounding the bridge. In addition, the chemicals used in construction and the percentage of waste materials have been kept to a minimum, as required by both Danish and Swedish laws.In 2003, the Oresund Bridge won the IABSE (International Association for Bridge and S

29、tructural Engineering) Outstanding Structural Award for its innovative design, planning and construction management, as well as its strict compliance with the time schedule, budget and environmental requirements.第二部分 漢譯英能源是人類社會(huì)賴以生存和發(fā)展的重要物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)?？v觀人類社會(huì)發(fā)展的歷史，人類文明的每一次重大進(jìn)步都伴隨著能源的改進(jìn)和更替。能源的開發(fā)利用極大地推進(jìn)了世界經(jīng)濟(jì)和人類社

30、會(huì)的發(fā)展。過去100多年里，發(fā)達(dá)國家先后完成了工業(yè)化，消耗了地球上大量的自然資源，特別是能源資源。當(dāng)前，一些發(fā)展中國家正在步入工業(yè)化階段，能源消費(fèi)增加是經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的客觀必然。6 / 21 錯(cuò)誤！未指定書簽。 TopS中國是當(dāng)今世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家，發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，擺脫貧困，是中國政府和中國人民在相當(dāng)長一段時(shí)期內(nèi)的主要任務(wù)。20世紀(jì)70年代末以來，中國作為世界上發(fā)展最快的發(fā)展中國家，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展取得了舉世矚目的輝煌成就，成功地開辟了中國特色社會(huì)主義道路，為世界的發(fā)展和繁榮作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。 中國是目前世界上第二位能源生產(chǎn)國和消費(fèi)國。能源供應(yīng)持續(xù)增長，為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展提供了重要的支撐。能源消費(fèi)的快速增長

31、，為世界能源市場創(chuàng)造了廣闊的發(fā)展空間。中國已經(jīng)成為世界能源市場不可或缺的重要組成部分，對維護(hù)全球能源安全，正在發(fā)揮著越來越重要的積極作用。人事部三級筆譯（CATTI）2007.11英譯漢真題 One of the biggest decisions Andy Blevins has ever made, and one of the few he now regrets, never seemed like much of a decision at all. It just felt like the natural thing to do.In the summer of 1995, he

32、 was moving boxes of soup cans, paper towels and dog food across the floor of a supermarket warehouse, one of the biggest buildings here in southwest Virginia. The heat was brutal. The job had sounded impossible when he arrived fresh off his first year of college, looking to make some summer money,

33、still a skinny teenager with sandy blond hair and a narrow, freckled face.But hard work done well was something he understood, even if he was the first college boy in his family. Soon he was making bonuses on top of his $6.75 an hour, more money than either of his parents made. His girlfriend was ar

34、ound, and so were his hometown buddies. Andy acted more outgoing with them, more relaxed. People in Chilhowie noticed that.It was just about the perfect summer. So the thought crossed his mind: maybe it did not have to end. Maybe he would take a break from college and keep working. He had been getti

35、ng C's and D's, and college never felt like home, anyway."I enjoyed working hard, getting the job done, getting a paycheck," Mr. Blevins recalled. "I just knew I didn't want to quit."So he quit college instead, and with that, Andy Blevins joined one of the largest and

36、 fastest-growing groups of young adults in America. He became a college , though nongraduate may be the more precise term.Many people like him plan to return to get their degrees, even if few actually do. Almost one in three Americans in their mid-20's now fall into this group, up from one in fi

37、ve in the late 1960's, when the Census Bureau began keeping such data. Most come from poor and working-class families.That gap had grown over recent years. "We need to recognize that the most serious domestic problem in the United States today is the widening gap between the children of the

38、 rich and the children of the poor," Lawrence H. Summers, the president of Harvard, said last year when announcing that Harvard would give full scholarships to all its lowest-income students. "And education is the most weapon we have to address that problem."Andy Blevins says that he

39、too knows the importance of a degree. Ten years after trading college for the warehouse, Mr. Blevins, 29, spends his days at the same supermarket company. He has worked his way up to produce buyer, earning $35,000 a year with health benefits and a 401(k) plan. He is on a path typical for someone who

40、 attended college without getting a four-year degree. Men in their early 40's in this category made an average of $42,000 in 2000. Those with a four-year degree made $65,000.Mr. Blevins says he has many reasons to be happy. He lives with his wife, Karla, and their year-old son, Lucas, in a small

41、 blue-and-yellow house in the middle of a stunningly picturesque Appalachian valley."Looking back, I wish I had gotten that degree," Mr. Blevins said in his soft-spoken lilt. "Four years seemed like a thousand years then. But I wish I would have just put in my four years."Why so

42、many low-income students fall from the college ranks is a question without a simple answer. Many high schools do a poor job of preparing s for college. Tuition bills scare some students from even8 / 21 錯(cuò)誤！未指定書簽。 TopSapplying and leave others with years of debt. To Mr. Blevins, like many other studen

43、ts of limited means, every week of going to classes seemed like another week of losing money ."The system makes a false promise to students," said John T. Casteen III, the president of the University of Virginia, himself the son of a Virginia shipyard worker.2008年11月人事部三級筆譯（CATTI）完形填空One o

44、f Nature's most fascinating mysteries is how pigeons find their way home over vast distances.No matter how far away they are taken, they almost always return to their lofts.Now German scientists believe they have discovered how the birds do it. Research has revealed that tiny iron structures in

45、their beaks allow them to analyse the earth's magnetic field - much like a compass.Through the signals picked up, the birds can work out where they are and set out on the best course home. their beaks.The amazing abilities of homing pigeons made them invaluable during both world wars, with both

46、sides using them to send messages over enemy lines.Thirty-two of the 250,000 pigeons used by UK forces in World War Two were even awarded medals for valour.In 2005, the film Valiant recorded the exploits of a group of fictional wartime homing pigeons.In the past, experts have suggested the birds use

47、 the sun and stars to navigate, although in 2004 researchers found that many follow roads rather than their internal compass to plan their route.Italian scientists also recently found that the birds can create 'odour maps' of areas they fly over, which may help them find their way. However s

48、cientists have long believed that they can in some way use the natural magnetism of the earth to navigate. The recent study by German scientists has revealed how this may be possible.branches which are arranged in a 3D pattern. 大家網(wǎng) 9 / 21The team, led by Gerta Fleissner, concluded that this allows t

49、he birds to react to the external magnetic field of the planet and work out their precise location.She pointed out that similar ironcontaining cells had been found in the beaks of robins, warblers and chickens so it may well turn out to be the way that other species also navigate."We expect tha

50、t the pigeon-type receptor might turn out to be a universal feature of all birds," she said. Scientists are still discovering more about the incredible abilities of the pigeon.Last year a French team found that they can memorise 1,200 pictures.The researchers concluded that while birds and othe

51、r animals are different in so many ways, our divergent evolutionary paths have had little impact on the basic processes of our memories.However, despite such impressive memories, pigeons are not the most intelligent birds, according to researchers.A team in 2005 judged the intelligence of a range of

52、 birds and concluded that crows, rooks, jays and ravens topped the IQ league, while the New World quail earned the dubious honour of being the most stupid. 人事部三級筆譯（CATTI）2008.5英譯漢真題Europe Pushes to Get Fuel From FieldsARDEA, Italy The previous growing season, this lush field near Rome was filled wit

53、h rows of delicate durum wheat, used to make high-quality pasta. Today it overflows with rapeseed, a tall, gnarled weedlike plant bursting with coarse yellow flowers that has become a new manna for European farmers: rapeseed can be turned into biofuel.Motivated by generous subsidies to develop alter

54、native energy sources and a measure of concern about the future of the planet Europes farmers are beginning to grow crops that can be turned into fuels meant to produce fewer s than gas or oil. They are chasing their counterparts in the Americas who have been raising crops for biofuel for more than

55、five years.10 / 21 錯(cuò)誤！未指定書簽。 TopS“This is a much-needed to our economy, our farms,” said Marcello Pini, 50, a farmer, standing in front of the rapeseed he planted for the first time. “Of course, we hope it helps the environment, too.”In March, the European Commission, disappointed by the slow growth

56、 of the biofuels industry, approved a directive that included a “binding target” requiring member countries to use 10 percent biofuel for transport by 2020 the most ambitious and specific goal in the world.Most European countries are far from achieving the target, and are introducing incentives and

57、subsidies to bolster production.As a result, bioenergy crops have replaced food as the most profitable crop in several European countries. In this part of Italy, for example, the government guarantees the purchase of biofuel crops at 22 euros for 100 kilograms, or $13.42 for 100 pounds nearly twice

58、the 11 to 12 euros for 100 kilograms of wheat on the open market in 2006. Better still, farmers can plant biofuel crops on “set aside” fields, land that Europes agriculture policy would otherwise require be left fallow.But an expert panel convened by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organizat

59、ion pointed out that the biofuels boom produces benefits as well as trade-offs and risks including higher and wildly fluctuating food prices. In some markets, grain prices have nearly doubled.“At a time when agricultural prices are low, in comes biofuel and improves the lot of farmers and injects life into rural areas,” said Gustavo Best, an expert at the Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome. “But as the grows and the demand for biofuel crops seems to be infinite, were seeing so